LIBYA IDP AND RETURNEE REPORT ROUND 35 JANUARY - FEBRUARY 2021 Project funded by IOM OIM the European Union THE UN MIGRATION AGENCY © 2021 International Organization for Migration (IOM) Cover photo: IOM Libya staff collecting beneficiary information at a Non-Food Items (NFI) distribution for IDPs All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in during the months of January - February 2021. © / IOM 2021 a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). 2019 Contents Key Findings .......................................................................................................................... 4 Overview ................................................................................................................................ 5 DTM Libya - Return Index Pilot ............................................................................. 6 Displacement and COVID-19 ................................................................................. 11 Displacement and Return Dynamics ................................................................... 14 Locations of Displacement and Return Map ................................................. 16 Demographics ..................................................................................................................... 16 Multi-Sectoral Location Assessment ................................................................... 17 Humanitarian Priority Needs ................................................................................... 17 Humanitarian Priority Needs By Region .......................................................... 18 Health ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Security and Mine Action............................................................................................ 20 Education ................................................................................................................................ 21 Food ........................................................................................................................................... 22 NFI and Access to Markets ........................................................................................ 23 Accommodation ............................................................................................................... 24 Water Sanitation And Hygiene (WASH) ....................................................... 26 Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 28 Reference Map - Libya .................................................................................................. 29 3 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX | LIBYA KEY FINDINGS Round 35 (January - February 2021) IDPs Returnees 245,483 623,219 idps in libya returnees in libya 92% 95% were displaced due to returned to their the deterioration of the places of origin due security situation 0% 20% to40% improved60% security80% 100% situation 43,725 Tripoli 76% 37,96588% Benghazi of idps live in self-paid of returnees live in rented accommodation 34,545their previous homes Misrata 0% TOP20% 3 REGIONS40% WITH60% IDP80%s 100% 0% TOP 20%3 REGIONS40% WITH60% RETURNEES80% 100% 43,725 TRIPOLITripoli BENGHAZIBenghazi 189,025 37,965 BENGHAZIBenghazi TRIPOLITripoli 150,210 34,545 MISRATAMisrata ALJFARAAljfara 104,130 0%65920% of 66740% 60% 2,19680% 100%Interviews with key informants COMMUNITIES (Round 35, Mobility Tracking) Benghazi 189,025 100% of 100% MUNICIPALITIES Project funded by Tripoli 150,210 coverage the European Union 4 AljfaraDTM LIBYA ROUND 35 104,130 IDP AND RETURNEE REPORT OVERVIEW This report presents the findings of round 35 of the Mobility Tracking component of IOM Libya’s Displacement Tracking IDPs Matrix (DTM) programme, covering January – February 2021. During the reporting period, an increasing number of previously displaced families returned to their places of 245,483 49,051 origin as the security situation continued to be stable while Individuals Families the political process continued towards implementation of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum roadmap. 82 419 Municipalities Communities The number of returnees identified during this round of data collection increased to 623,219 returnees, compared to 604,965 returnees reported in the previous round. In line with the increases in returnees, the number of IDPs Returnees identified in Libya decreased to 245,483 individuals in Round 35 (see figure 1). 623,219 124,572 Due to the significant increase of spontaneous returns to Individuals Families areas that often lack adequate access to livelihoods and basic services, DTM started implementing a pilot of the Return 49 195 Index in Libya to better understand conditions in locations Municipalities Communities of return; Preliminary findings of several locations with high returnee presence where pilot implementation has been concluded are presented in this report. A full roll-out of the Mobility Tracking. Pages 11 to 13 present the findings on the return index component across all locations of return, awareness levels, public health and social measures in place at including severity modelling between assessed locations, is municipality level, and impact of COVID-19 on other public planned for Round 36. services at municipality level, and impact of COVID-19 on other Furthermore, beginning in 2021, DTM also included additional public services at community level. Oct indicators on COVID-19 pandemic in displacement settings 310,829 under the Multi-Sectoral Location Assessment part of 604,965 Fig 1 Libya displacement and return timeline 567,802 444,760 447,388 457,324 403,978 372,022 304,305 249,298 401,836 343,180 316,415 268,629 278,177 240,188 199,091 179,400 187,423 Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 1. DTM’s Return Index is a tool designed to measure the severity of conditions in locations of return. For further details, see DTM Iraq’s Return Index here. 800000 JANUARY - FEBRUARY 2020 5 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 SepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJul Aug SepOctNovDecJanFebMarApr MayJunJulAugOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSebOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepoctNovDecJanFeb DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX | LIBYA DTM LIBYA - RETURN INDEX PILOT A pilot of the DTM return index was implemented in 46 communities (muhalla) in 7 areas of return during the first Summary Findings on Returns quarter of 2021. The areas assessed in this pilot cover the The seven areas of return covered under the pilot of municipalities of Abusliem, Ain Zara, Al Aziziya, Derna, Qasr the return index currently account for 39% of the total Bin Ghasheer, and Suq Aljumaa, and the town of Tawerga. returnee population in Libya (as of round 35). However, key The DTM Libya Return Index pilot is intended to measure informants interviewed in 46% of these communities (21 the severity of conditions in the target locations of return. muhalla) reported that families displaced from these areas This pilot Return Index is based on select indicators reflecting faced challenges ranging from insecurity to an unconducive conditions in the locations of return related to livelihoods, environment which prevents their return to these areas. basic services, social cohesion and safety perceptions. The To identify factors that may help establish a safe environment assessment relies on DTM Mobility Tracking population conducive of return, the following sections look at the figures and on Return Index Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). findings related to The initial findings presented here are based on exploratory i. Livelihoods and basic services analysis of the KII data using only descriptive statistics; statistical modelling to assess the relative impact of each ii. Safety and social cohesion of the indicators in facilitating or preventing returns. The Return Index is planned to guide interventions that promote durable solutions in Libya. Fig 2 Map of target locations assessed in the pilot phase and returnee figures (individual) 37,215 5,500 Derna Tawergha 2,200 Suq Aljumaa 80,515 Abusliem 60,735 Ain Zara 21,335 Qasr Bin Ghasheer 34,120 Al Aziziya 6 DTM LIBYA ROUND 35 IDP AND RETURNEE REPORT Area of Return Livelihoods & Basic Services Are public health Table 1 Summary of selected livelihoodSmall businesses & basic services, Large companiesand safety & social cohesion indicatorsAre basic by services assessed operational areas facilities fully operating? operating? (electricity, water)? MunicipaAlitrye a of ReturRne turnees Livelihooperational?ods & Basic Services Are public health Abusliem 80,515 SmallMost businesses LargeMost companies Most AreMost basic services operational facilities fully Ain Zara 60,735 operating?Some operating?Some No (electricity,Some water)? MAlu Aziziyanicipal ity R34e,t120urn ees Some Most operational?Few Some AbusliemDerna 8037,515215 Most Most MostSome Most AinQasr Zara Bin Ghasheer 6021,735335 Some SomeFew NoFew Some AlSuq Aziziya Aljumaa 342,200,120 SomeMost Most FewMost SomeMost DernaTawergha 375,500,215 MostFew MostNo SomeNo MostSome Qasr Bin Ghasheer 21,335 Some Few Few Some Suq Aljumaa 2,200 Most Most Most Most Tawergha 5,500