CULTURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT FOR THE SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO HISTORIC TOWN CENTER MASTER PLAN AREA, CITY OF SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO, CALIFORNIA Prepared for: Nicole Morse Templeton Planning Group Authors: Sherri Gust, Molly Valasik and Amy Glover Principal Investigator: Sherri Gust Orange County Certified Professional Archaeologist and Paleontologist August 2011 Project Number: 1858 Type of Study: Cultural resources Phase I and programmatic assessment Sites:30-000834, 30-001154, 30-001173, 30-001215, 30-001247, 30-001302, 30-100470, 30-160120, 30- 160128, 30-161915, 30-176663, 30-176664 Quadrangles: San Juan Capistrano 1968, photorevised 1981 and Dana Point 1968, photorevised 1975 Area: 150 total acres; 44 directly surveyed Key Words: Mission San Juan Capistrano, Juaneño, historic-era sites, positive survey 1518 West Taft Avenue Office (714) 974-8300 cogstone.com Orange, CA 92865 Fax (714) 974-8303 Toll free (888) 497-0700 San Juan Capistrano Town Center Cultural TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENT SUMMARY .................................................................................................. IV INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 1 PURPOSE OF STUDY ....................................................................................................................... 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 3 PROJECT PERSONNEL ..................................................................................................................... 6 REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................ 6 NATIONAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION ACT OF 1966, AS AMENDED ............................................... 6 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES .................................................................................. 7 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT OF 1970, AS AMENDED ......................................... 8 CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES .................................................................... 8 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL LANDMARKS ........................................................................................ 9 CALIFORNIA POINTS OF HISTORICAL INTEREST .......................................................................... 10 CITY OF SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................ 11 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 11 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................................... 12 PALEONTOLOGICAL SETTING ...................................................................................................... 12 PREHISTORIC SETTING ................................................................................................................ 13 Project Area Cultures............................................................................................................. 13 Ethnography ........................................................................................................................... 16 HISTORIC SETTING ...................................................................................................................... 17 Spanish Period (1769-1820) ................................................................................................. 17 Mexican Period (1821-1847) ................................................................................................. 19 American Period (1848-1899) ............................................................................................... 21 20th Century Period (1900-1999) .......................................................................................... 23 RECORDS SEARCH ................................................................................................................. 25 NATIVE AMERICANS CONSULTED ................................................................................................ 29 Project Area Development History ........................................................................................ 30 SURVEY ...................................................................................................................................... 34 SURVEY METHODS ...................................................................................................................... 34 SURVEY RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 34 EVALUATION AND ELIGIBILITY ....................................................................................... 36 EL ADOBE RESTAURANT (JOSE ANTONIO YORBA AND JUZGADO ADOBES)................................ 36 AVILA ADOBE ............................................................................................................................ 37 EGAN HOUSE .............................................................................................................................. 37 PROVINCIAL BUILDING ............................................................................................................... 39 OLD BARN ANTIQUE MALL (PROCTOR-STAFFORD BUILDINGS) ................................................... 40 ALBERTO PRYOR/LIBRADO & FLORIO GARCIA HOUSE .............................................................. 41 FERRIS-KELLY COMPLEX (EL PEON) .......................................................................................... 41 SWALLOW’S INN BUILDING ........................................................................................................ 43 Cogstone ii San Juan Capistrano Town Center Cultural NICK’S CAFÉ/MEXICO LINDO-VAQUERO WEST ......................................................................... 43 TRADING POST ............................................................................................................................ 44 BIRTCHER-PACIFIC BUILDING .................................................................................................... 45 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................... 45 REVITALIZATION AREA ............................................................................................................... 45 Historic Resources ................................................................................................................. 45 Archaeological Resources ...................................................................................................... 46 CONNECTIVITY AREA .................................................................................................................. 48 REPOSITIONING AREA .................................................................................................................. 48 REFERENCES CITED .............................................................................................................. 50 APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS ....................................................................................... 54 APPENDIX B. ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES .................................................................. 58 APPENDIX C: NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION ................................. 86 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1. PROJECT VICINITY MAP ................................................................................................................................. 1 FIGURE 2. PROJECT BOUNDARY MAP ............................................................................................................................. 2 FIGURE 3. PROJECT SUBAREAS MAP ............................................................................................................................... 4 FIGURE 4. PROJECT BOUNDARIES ON TOPOGRAPHIC MAP............................................................................................... 5 FIGURE 5. NATIVE AMERICAN TRADITIONAL TRIBAL TERRITORIES ............................................................................ 16 FIGURE 6. MISSION SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO BY JOHN GUTZON-BORGLUM ................................................................. 19 FIGURE 7. 1850S TOWN MAP ........................................................................................................................................ 31 FIGURE 8. 1875 TOWN MAP ......................................................................................................................................... 31 FIGURE 9. 1914 TOWN MAP ......................................................................................................................................... 32 FIGURE 10. 1946 TOWN AERIAL MAP .......................................................................................................................... 32 FIGURE 11. 1972 TOWN AERIAL MAP .......................................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 12. PHOTO SHOWING TYPICAL LOW GROUND VISIBILITY ................................................................................. 35 FIGURE 13. EGAN HOUSE POST 1898 ..........................................................................................................................