技術報告 Technical Report 技術報告 Technical Report 有關本刊物的查詢，請聯絡 : 政府統計處 2016年中期人口統計辦事處 地址 : 香港九龍觀塘海濱道 135-137 號宏基資本大廈10樓 電話 : (852) 3547 1800 圖文傳真 : (852) 3547 1894 電郵 : [email protected] Enquiries about this publication can be directed to : 2016 Population By-census Office Census and Statistics Department Address : 10/F, Rykadan Capital Tower, 135-137 Hoi Bun Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel. : (852) 3547 1800 Fax : (852) 3547 1894 E-mail : [email protected] 政府統計處網站 Website of the Census and Statistics Department www.censtatd.gov.hk 2017年11月出版 Published in November 2017 本刊物只備有下載版 This publication is available in download version only [ 此頁爲空白頁] [This is a blank page] 序言 Foreword 政府統計處於 2016 年 6 月至 8 月 The 2016 Population By-census (16BC) was 期間進行 2016 年中期人口統計。 中期人 conducted by the Census and Statistics Department in 口統計提供很多有關香港人口的社會及 June to August 2016. The By-census provides a wealth 經濟特徵的資料，有助對社會不同的層 of data on the socio-economic characteristics of the 面進行研究。 population in Hong Kong, thus allowing studies to be undertaken on various facets of the community. 本報告概述 2016 年中期人口統計 This report provides an overview on how the 的進行過程，詳細描述由籌劃，至數據 16BC was conducted, with detailed descriptions on 搜集、處理及發布的程序。它補充其他 various aspects from planning to data collection, 載有 2016 年中期人口統計結果的報告 processing and dissemination. It supplements the other 書，使用者能更了解有關 2016 年中期人 reports that contain findings of the 16BC, enabling users 口統計所搜集得數據。 to better understand the data collected in the 16BC. 在外勤工作運作方面，相對以往 As far as fieldwork operation is concerned, 人口普查／中期人口統計採用紙問卷作 compared to the practice of using paper questionnaires 面談訪問的做法，2016 年中期人口統計 for face-to-face interviews in past population censuses/ 的 統計員以平板電腦向住戶搜集資料。 by-censuses, enumerators of the 16BC used mobile 這新方法可為外勤運作提供更具效率及 tablets to collect information from households. This 流暢的支援。 new approach offered more efficient and seamless support to fieldwork operation. 2016 年 中期人口統計的結果已刊 Results of the 16BC are available in a number 載於數份已發布的刊物及其他統計產品 of publications and other statistical products. A list of 內。2016 年中期人口統計的刊物名稱已 the 16BC publications is given at the end of this report. 詳列於本報告的最後部分。《 2016 年中 The 2016 Population By-census Main Results, which 期人口統計主要結果》 亦與這報告同時 analyses in detail the various characteristics of the Hong 發表。該 刊物詳細分析香港人口各方面 Kong population, is released at the same time when this 的 特徵。所有已發布的刊物及其他統計 report is published. All the released publications and 產品， 包括網上互動數據發布服務、主 other statistical products, including the Interactive Data 要統計表及地區概覽，均可於 2016 年中 Dissemination Service, Main Tables and District 期人口統計網站免費下載／使用。 Profiles, are available for free download/ use on the (www.bycensus2016.gov.hk/tc/index.html) website of the 16BC. (www.bycensus2016.gov.hk/en/index.html) 政府統計處處長 Leslie TANG 鄧偉江 Commissioner for Census and Statistics 2017 年 11 月 November 2017 [ 此頁爲空白頁] [This is a blank page] 目錄 Contents 頁數 Page 1. 緒言 1. Introduction 1 2. 策劃 2. Planning 7 3. 中期人口統計內容 3. By-census Content 25 4. 資料搜集及處理 4. Data Collection and Processing 31 5. 抽樣設計及估計方法 5. Sample Design and Estimation 45 6. 資料素質及評估 6. Quality of Data and Evaluation 51 7. 分類、概念及定義 7. Classifications, Concepts and 69 Definitions 8. 地區分界系統 8. Geographical Demarcation 141 Systems 2016 年中期人口統計 v 2016 Population By-census 技術報告 Technical Report 香港特別行政區 政府統計處 Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 目錄 Contents 頁數 Page 附錄 Appendices 附錄 I 1971 年、1976 年、1981 年、 Appendix I Data topics Included in 146 1986 年、1991 年、1996 年、 Population Censuses/ 2001 年、2006 年 、 2011 及 By-censuses in 1971, 1976, 1981, 2016 年人口普查／中期人口統 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 計包括的數據項目 2011, 2016 附錄 II 2016 年中期人口統計 Appendix II 2016 Population By-census 150 紙張版問卷（參考版本） Paper Version of Questionnaires (Specimen for Reference) 附錄 III 香港島及九龍：區議會分區分 Appendix III Map of District Council District 170 界地圖 Boundaries: Hong Kong Island and Kowloon 附錄 IV 新界：區議會分區及新市鎮分 Appendix IV Map of District Council District 171 界地圖 and New Town Boundaries: New Territories 附錄 V 地理分區分類 Appendix V Geographical Classification 172 1. 小規劃統計區–大合併組 1. Large Tertiary Planning 173 Unit Group 2. 小規劃統計區–小合併組 2. Small Tertiary Planning 175 Unit Group 3. 小規劃統計區／街段– 3. Large Street Block Group 177 大合併組 4. 小規劃統計區／街段– 4. Small Street Block Group 189 小合併組 5. 區議會分區 5. District Council District 206 6. 區議會選區 6. District Council 207 Constituency Area 7. 新市鎮及其他地區 7. New Town and Other 213 Areas 2016 年中期人口統計刊物 Publications of the 2016 Population 215 By-census 獲取政府統計處刊物及其他統計 Means of Obtaining Publications and A1 產品的方法 Other Statistical Products of the Census and Statistics Department 2016 年中期人口統計 vi 2016 Population By-census 技術報告 Technical Report 香港特別行政區 政府統計處 Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 1. 緒言 1. Introduction 背景 Background 1.1 根據慣例，自 1961 年起，香港 1.1 It is an established practice from 1961 for 每 10 年進行一次人口普查，並在兩次人 Hong Kong to conduct a population census once every 口普查中間，進行一次中期人口統計。 10 years and a by-census in the middle of the 香港於 2016 年 6 月至 8 月期間進行了 intercensal period. The 2016 Population By-census 2016 年中期人口統計。 was conducted in June to August 2016. 1.2 香港在 1961 年、1971 年、 1.2 Population censuses were conducted in 1981 年、1991 年 、 2001 年 及 2011 年進 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2011. For both the 行了人口普查。1961 年和 1971 年的人 1961 and 1971 Population Censuses, the entire 口普查，對全部人口進行點算，並搜集 population was counted and enquired of their socio- 他們的社會和經濟特徵的資料。至於 economic characteristics. In the 1981, 1991, 2001 1981 年、1991 年 、 2001 年 及 2011 年的 and 2011 Population Censuses, while a complete 人口普查，則就整體人口而言，只進行 headcount of all persons and their age and sex 人口點算和搜集人口的年齡和性別資 information was enumerated, the detailed socio- 料 ，而人口的社會和經濟特徵的詳細資 economic characteristics of the population were 料，則透過一個大規模的抽樣調查搜 enquired on the basis of a large sample. This design 集。這個設計是一個較具成本效益的方 represents a more cost-effective approach. 法。 1.3 為 提供更多最新的人口資料， 1.3 In order that more up-to-date information on 在兩次人口普查中間會進行一次中期人 the population could be made available, a population 口統計，故香港在 1966 年、1976 年、 by-census is also conducted in between two population 1986 年、1996 年 、 2006 年 及 2016 年 進 censuses. Thus, in 1966, 1976, 1986, 1996, 2006 and 行了中期人口統計。與人口普查稍有不 2016, there were population by-censuses conducted. 同，中期人口統計並不進行全面人口點 A population by-census differs from a population 算，只是透過大規模抽樣調查，搜集人 census in not having a complete headcount of the 口特徵的詳細資料。至於人口總數和特 population but simply enquiring on the detailed 徵，則根據適當的統計理論，從抽樣調 characteristics of the population on the basis of a large 查結果推算而來。所以，從中期人口統 sample. The size and characteristics of the entire 計得到的統計資料，其精確程度稍遜於 population are inferred from the sample results in 人口普查。 accordance with appropriate statistical theory. As a result, the statistics obtained from a population by-census may be slightly less precise than those from a population census. 1.4 2016 年中期人口統計已於 2016 1.4 The 2016 Population By-census was 年 6 月 30 日至 8 月 2 日的 34 天期間進 conducted in the 34-day period from 30 June to 2 行。這次中期人口統計乃一抽樣統計調 August 2016. It was a sample enquiry on a broad 查，用以搜集有關人口的廣泛社會及經 range of demographic and socio-economic 濟特徵資料。全港約十分之一的屋宇單 characteristics of the population. About one-tenth of 2016 年中期人口統計 1 2016 Population By-census 技術報告 Technical Report 香港特別行政區 政府統計處 Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 緒言 Introduction 位被選中，而單位內所有住户均為訪問 all quarters in Hong Kong were sampled and all 對象。 households therein were included in the enquiry. 1.5 2016 年中期人口統計提供香港 1.5 The 2016 Population By-census provides 人口的社會和經濟特徵，以及按地區分 up-to-date benchmark statistics on the socio-economic 布的最新基準統計數字。這些數字對政 characteristics of the population of Hong Kong and on 府在規劃和制定政策尤為重要。小區人 its geographical distribution. Such statistics are vital 口資料是政府制定地區發展和服務計劃 to the planning and policy formulation of the 的基礎；而詳細人口分組資料例如長 government. Data on small areas form the basis of 者、青年、單親人士、少數族裔人士、 district development and service planning programmes 內地來港定居未足 7 年人士等，則有助 of the government, while comprehensive information 政府策劃福利政策和社會服務計劃。而 on population sub-groups, such as the elderly, youths, 最重要的是，人口普查和中期人口統計 single parents, ethnic minorities and persons from the 的結果，是人口統計系統中編製人口估 Mainland having resided in Hong Kong for less than 7 計的基準資料。 years, facilitates the planning of welfare policy and social service programmes. Most important of all, results of the population censuses/ by-censuses form the benchmark data for the compilation of population estimates in the Population Statistics System. 1.6 編製人口數字的方法相當繁 1.6 The system for compiling population figures 複，所需的資料來源亦很廣泛。其中， is complex and requires data from a wide variety of 人口普查及中期人口統計系列的統計結 sources. The results of population censuses/ by- 果，是整個編製過程的根基。這些基準 censuses form the cornerstone of the system. These 資料，加上透過其他行政系統（例如出 benchmark data are taken together with statistical data 生、死亡及出入境記錄）及抽樣統計調 generated from administrative systems (such as births, 查（特別是持續性的「 綜合住戶統計調 deaths and passenger movement records) and sample 查 」）所得資料，編製而成的統計數據， surveys (in particular the continuous General 連結成一個人口統計數據資料庫，數據 Household Survey) to form a population statistical 可用於編製人口數字及其他眾多用途。 database which serves a multitude of purposes, including the compilation of population figures. 2016 年 中期人口統計的 時間 Timing of the 2016 Population By-census 1.7 在 1981 年至 2001 年期間進行 1.7 In the population censuses/ by-censuses 的人口普查／中期人口統計都在該年的 conducted during 1981 to 2001, data collection was 3 月內進行資料搜集，為期 9 至 13 天。 conducted in a period lasting for 9 to 13 days in March 為配合教師及學生參與人口普查／中期 of the respective population census/ by-census years. 人口統計的外勤工作，以 及 學校提供校 Special school holidays lasting for more than a week 舍作為外勤工作站之用，會在有關資料 were arranged to enable teachers and students to 搜集期間安排超過一星期的特別學校假 participate in the population census/ by-census 期。 fieldwork and school premises to be deployed as field centres.