OUR WORKSHO P : B E I N G A P RACTI CAL GU I DE To TH E AMATEU R ENTRY ANDJ I NE Y OFCAR P O { . P R O FU S ELY I L R AT ED. Y D N E W Y O R ] . ’ T T E 1 30 N A S S A U S T R E E . H O MA S O K AN , C O N TEN TS C H A P . CARP ENTRY AND TH E BENCH H O W TO U S E THE ~ R EMAR H S ON THE S EASONING AND C HOI CE O F THE W OODS V ARIOU S METHODS O F JO I N I N G TIMBER V S IMP LE V O R H S IN W OOD G V P L E TC . ROO ING ANES, MORTISING AND TENONING DOV ETAI LING V ENEER I NG V ARNISHING AND FRENCH P OLISHING A m1 2240 1 O U R W O R K S H O P . D Y CARP ENTRY AN JOINER . obli e d are sorry to be g to admit, that t o enter into a scientific investi gat ion O f the mechanical principles on of C which the art arpentry depends , ul . s o wo d be worse than useless By doing, we w should only be occupying valuable space, ith o u t f imparting instruction, or a fording pleasure f r to many o ou readers . W e in should fail the first, Simply because a m a teu rs would not peru se such unpalatable matter f or so it wou ld be considered by the - of every day reader light literature . The latter, o le as u r e - l n o t k p seeker, wou d ask why we did tell him how to m ake s ome ornamental or useful d on article, instead of elivering a dry lecture com osit ion resolu ti on o or ces the p and f f , the ff o strengths of di erent f rms of beams , and many other matters which are all - important to the B practical carpenter . In truth, there always has been, and we fear there always must be, a very wide di stinction between the p r a c tica l and the t u r am a e mechanic . W hile the former is dependent on the correct n o f t o scie tific principles his art , to enable him o guard against the m st disastrous consequences , the latter is quite satisfied with a mere super fic ial o ffi him kn wledge, su cient to enable to carry trifling matters to a successful issue . ' Carpentry is one o f the most interesting and of is useful branches mechanical art . It also a a cleanly and healthy employment . That c rpentry . n o n o one is popular amo gst b ys, will deny . W h o ever saw a youngster who did not delight in of - the use his pocket knife, if no more o o t o convenient t l were at hand, display his c onstru ctiv e t oo o , and we fear but ften his d es tru c tive & W e c , capabilities hope that the advi e we can give and the knowledge we shall endeavour ’ ou r in o to impart to apprentices, Every B y s ” W o o o o rksh p , will reclaim all mischiev us fell ws , and encourage all th ose wh o are of an ingenious J and constructive turn of mind . ust reflect, if it f or o h ow be only a m ment, gratifying it would be ’ t o o C have it said , D n t send for hips, the carpenter my son can do t he job quite as well ” he is a capital joiner . Besides this , there are s o many useful articles you would be able to Ca r e ntr a nd oiner p y J y . 8 m e f or o c ak the c st pri e of the material, and allowing a slight percentage on the Original price of your tools . o ce l G od tools are ne ssari y expensive , never t hele ss our apprentices must u s e none but the best ; for in the end they are the cheapest . & Al old ways remember the and true saying, A ” o o good workman is kn wn by his to ls . A good workman may do a t olerable job with indifferent o to ls, but a beginner should never attempt to u se b u t fir st - or any class implements , he will - u s never become a fir st class craftsman . If you e t o o f bad tools, and try cast the blame bad work o n o them , recollect that A bad w rkman always ” complains of his tools . A really clever mechanic cherishes his reputation far too hi ghly to allow his t ools to lapse into an inefficient o t o his conditi n ; therefore , next character, the o m honest w rkman prides hi self, and justly so, on o of the superi r quality his tools . W e are that ou r apprentices cannot all ff t o b ase o o t o t a ord go d t ols , the ex ent ’ i they will requ re them, at a moment s notice ; o and, indeed, it is questi nable whether it would be advantageous for them t o d o so at first & u o nder any circumstances , as increased c nfidence will be acquired by making a few to ols serve for all purposes t o which they can effectively. be applied . 4 u O r W orkshop . Many people imagine that when they have not ’ s e t a good of carpenter s tools , the best plan is ” o f - ol t purchase a box o s o called To s . Beware b u boss o t o ls u d o . o how y o this Never y a f . A ’ o - of joiner s t ol chest, if bought a respectable f b u t not manu acturer, may be all right ; we do advocate the practice . h or ou - Purc ase, , if y like, make a tool chest, u and f rnish it with the best tools , carefully ’ selected from the manufacturer s stock . A young carpenter will do well to get some friend who has the requisite experience to examine the tools before purchasing . W e will quote the average prices of the best tools required for Our W orksh op ou r apprentices will then be able to judge of the qualities and prices offered by the makers with whom they may be obliged t o deal . Some little misconception exists respecting c ar ent er oiner and c a bine t - m a ke r the terms, p , j , . a Strictly speaking, a carpenter is the rtisan o ui whose duty it is to lay down flo rs , b ld roofs, o - of and make ther substantial frame work, which ‘ many examples may be found in the bu ilding trade . A thorough carpenter is a very clever m a —an fellow ; in fact, he is a scientific m of engineer in his way . Many the most eminent bu ilders were carpenters . Half the men who style themselves carpenters and joiners are really a r e nt r a nd oine r 5 C p y J y . o only the latter . A j iner begins where the car ff e nt er o . o o p leaves As s on as the r of, flooring, v and other hea y work is finished, the joiner d - comes into the house, and fits the win ow frames & & c . c . and sashes, doors , cupboards, shelves, , , m which are essential to ake a house habitable . r o u r All the fixtu es being completed, friends , the carpenter and joiner, leave the premises to the - h w o & c . cabinet maker, supplies the furniture, , without which we should not feel much tempted a o o to make a prolonged st y in the h use, h wever clev erly his able predecessors had accomplished their allotted tasks . ur or k 6 O W shop . C H A P T E R I . T H E B H ENC . ou r t o o e n is intention n tic ma y things , . o l h wever trivia , that may in any way serve t o enlighten ou r readers respecting the ’ o f m j oiner s art . Many the ost extensive works are pro duced by the proper combination. of several small, and, when taken singly, apparently unimp ortant devices . Every one wh o has made an attempt at carpentry is aware that the object on which we t o ou r o in wish use to ls must be firmly fixed, such a manner that we may apply ou r to ols with o t t o ou ; c nvenience to the par be wr ght . The 1 . o bench, of which fig is a representati n, of o u o consists a str ng rough frame, s rm unted by a o of 2- o st ut top , formed inch b ard . The height of o 2 6 . e the bench should be ab ut feet inch s, but this must be regulated to some extent by the f t o stature o the w orkman .