Development Cooperation of the Czech Republic in the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region in Ethiopia Assessment report 30 September 2011 This report contains the views of the consultant. Such views do not necessarily correspond to the views of the Czech Development Agency, the Ethiopian Government or any other party. All recommendations are subject to approval by relevant parties. Assessment of CZDA in the WASH Sector in SNNPR, Ethiopia 2 Content 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 8 1.1 Context of the assessment.......................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.1 Present state of affairs in water and sanitation .................................................................................. 8 1.1.2 Current situation in SNNPR .............................................................................................................. 8 1.2 Main Conclusions and Recommendations................................................................................................. 9 1.3 Assessment questions .............................................................................................................................. 10 2 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Purpose of the Assessment ...................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ 14 2.2.1 Secondary data ................................................................................................................................. 14 2.2.2 Primary data ..................................................................................................................................... 14 3 PRESENT STATE OF AFFAIRS IN WATER AND SANITATION ......................................................... 17 3.1 Policy and strategic framework ............................................................................................................... 17 3.1.1 National programs and plans ........................................................................................................... 17 3.1.2 The water and sanitation sector ....................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Legal and regulatory framework ............................................................................................................. 19 3.3 WASH coordination ................................................................................................................................ 21 3.3.1 MOU on the Integrated Implementation of WASH ........................................................................ 21 3.3.2 Multi-Stakeholder Forum (MSF) ..................................................................................................... 22 3.3.3 DAG Water Technical Working Group (TWG) .............................................................................. 22 3.3.4 Water and Sanitation Forum (WSF) ................................................................................................ 23 3.3.5 Research-inspired Policy and Practice Learning in Ethiopia and the Nile region ........................... 24 3.4 Plans, programs and strategies for enhancing WASH implementation ................................................... 24 3.4.1 Planning, implementation and monitoring ...................................................................................... 24 3.4.2 Wash Inventory................................................................................................................................ 25 3.5 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 26 4 CURRENT SITUATION IN SNNPR ........................................................................................................... 27 4.1 Background information on SNNPR and Sidama ................................................................................... 27 4.2 Major stakeholders .................................................................................................................................. 29 4.2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 29 4.2.2 Governmental and semi-governmental institutions ......................................................................... 30 4.2.3 WASH coordination ........................................................................................................................ 32 4.3 Drinking water coverage ......................................................................................................................... 34 5 ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS: FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................. 37 5.1 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 5.1.1 Consensus on proposed priority Woredas ....................................................................................... 37 5.1.2 Narrowing the scope ........................................................................................................................ 37 5.1.3 Consensus on scope and phased approach ....................................................................................... 39 5.1.4 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 40 5.2 Relevance of potential DC CZ interventions in proposed Woredas ........................................................ 40 5.2.1 Access to safe drinking water in Loka Abaya and Aleta Chuko ..................................................... 40 5.2.2 Topography of Aleta Wondo and Loka Abaya ................................................................................ 41 5.2.3 Interventions by other donors .......................................................................................................... 41 5.3 Feasibility ................................................................................................................................................ 42 5.3.1 Technical feasibility ........................................................................................................................ 42 5.3.2 Socio-economic feasibility .............................................................................................................. 48 5.4 Potential for cooperation with partners in WASH in Sidama .................................................................. 50 5.5 Recommended engineering solutions (hard components) ....................................................................... 52 5.5.1 Loka Abaya ..................................................................................................................................... 53 5.5.2 Aleta Chuko ..................................................................................................................................... 54 5.5.3 Implementation steps for engineering solutions .............................................................................. 54 5.5.4 Construction works .......................................................................................................................... 54 Assessment of CZDA in the WASH Sector in SNNPR, Ethiopia 3 5.5.5 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 55 5.6 Recommended non-engineering solutions (soft components) ................................................................. 56 5.6.1 Rationale behind including non-engineering solutions ................................................................... 56 5.6.2 Community development for improved sustainability .................................................................... 56 5.6.3 Sanitation and hygiene promotion for improved effectiveness ....................................................... 57 5.6.4 Recommendations and key assumptions ......................................................................................... 57 5.7 Form of water resource management ...................................................................................................... 58 5.7.1 What does water resource management involve.............................................................................. 58 5.7.2 Who is responsible? ......................................................................................................................... 58 5.7.3 Training and capacity building ........................................................................................................ 58 5.7.4 Audits and inspections ..................................................................................................................... 59 5.7.5 Current situation in the four visited Woredas .................................................................................