giving a voice to women silenced by ignorance Draft 2: 4.21.16 ALAN GARRETT HARMON PRESS UNSilenced: Giving a Voice to Women Silenced by Ignorance Copyright © 2016. Alan Garrett. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. Published by Harmon Press Woodinville, WA 98077 http://www.harmonpress.com ISBN: 978-1-935959-63-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016937298 Unless otherwise noted, “Scripture quotations taken from the New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission.” (www.Lockman.org) All rights reservedDraft solely by the 2: author. 4.21.16 The author guarantees all contents are original and do not infringe upon the legal rights of any other person or work. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means mechan- ical or electronic, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permis- sion in writing from author except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review. The views expressed in this book are the views of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Harmon Press or one of its Imprints. Photos: Suzette Allen.com (www. suzetteallen.com) Cover design: Harmon Press TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ........................................................................ vii Preface ............................................................................ ix Chapter 1: Back to the Garden ...................................... 1 Chapter 2: Leading Ladies of the Old Testament ....... 17 Chapter 3: Leading Ladies of the New Testament ..... 25 Chapter 4: A Cultural Backdrop to Jesus’ Ministry ... 47 Chapter 5: A New Beginning ........................................ 63 Chapter 6: Let the Women Keep Silent? ..................... 77 Chapter 7: SubmissionDraft and 2: Context 4.21.16 (1 Tim. 2:11-15) . 85 Chapter 8: What Did Paul Mean When He Said Man is the Head of Woman .......................................... 97 Chapter 9: Closing Thoughts ...................................... 107 Chapter 10: One Woman’s Testimony by Marialice Garrett ................................................... 115 Bibliography ................................................................ 125 DEDICATION This book is dedicated to Mary Elizabeth Stewart (June 17, 1925 – February 28, 2011) Thank you for believing in me and for being a woman of class and style. Draft 2: 4.21.16 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS arialice Garrett: Thank you for believing in me. MYou were a great help in editing and shaping the content of this book. Thank you for writing chapter ten of this book. You are the love of my life. Danny Silk: It was one of your sermons that challenged me to write this book. I can now cross it off “the bucket list.” Banning Liebschier and Jesus Culture Sacramen- to Family: Thank you for supporting me and creating a church culture that supports women in ministry. Richard &Draft Lindy Oliver 2: and 4.21.16Matthew & Siobhan Oli- ver: It was at the Family Church where I fi rst believed I could write this book. Thank you for providing an atmo- sphere in which I could grow as a leader. Dr. Richard Cervin: Thank you for taking the time to meet and discuss issues surrounding the topic of women in ministry. Thank you for your input into early drafts of this book. Your skill and experience related to the Greek language are a gift to the body of Christ. Dr. Winn Griffi n (Harmon Press): Thank you for your input and for publishing this book. Note: The opinions in this book are mine and may not refl ect the opinions of the people and organizations listed above. W Draft 2: 4.21.16 FOREWORD orem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing Lelit. Vivamus eleifend mauris semper, luctus est quis, rutrum ante. Phasellus at placerat metus. Curabitur nec interdum neque. Suspendisse aliquam arcu ac velit pharetra, vel mollis tellus fermentum. Cras ac est nulla. Proin malesuada scelerisque effi citur. Fusce consequat laoreet turpis. Sed vehicula diam pharetra, tempus arcu vitae, feugiat nisl. Suspendisse vitae diam eget enim luctus ullamcorper eget at eros. In scelerisque fi nibus urna eu venenatis. Sed eleifend, lorem vitae placerat rhoncus, risus dui imperdiet eros, eu blandit turpis metus non enim.Draft Etiam quis 2: gravida 4.21.16 tortor. Pellentesque consequat augue nulla, id sollicitudin leo tristique non. Ut congue ligula at lobortis condimentum. Nam varius facilisis velit id elementum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus eleifend mauris semper, luctus est quis, rutrum ante. Phasellus at placerat metus. Curabitur nec interdum neque. Suspendisse aliquam arcu ac velit pharetra, vel mollis tellus fermentum. Cras ac est nulla. Proin malesuada scelerisque effi citur. Fusce consequat laoreet turpis. Sed vehicula diam pharetra, tempus arcu vitae, feugiat nisl. Suspendisse vitae diam eget enim luc- tus ullamcorper eget at eros. In scelerisque fi nibus urna eu venenatis. Sed eleifend, lorem vitae placerat rhoncus, risus dui imperdiet eros, eu blandit turpis metus non Unslicenced enim. Etiam quis gravida tortor. Pellentesque consequat augue nulla, id sollicitudin leo tristique non. Ut congue ligula at lobortis condimentum. Nam varius facilisis velit id elementum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus eleifend mauris semper, luctus est quis, rutrum ante. Phasellus at placerat metus. Curabitur nec interdum neque. Suspendisse aliquam arcu ac velit pharetra, vel mollis tellus fermentum. Cras ac est nulla. Proin malesuada scelerisque efficitur. Fusce consequat laoreet turpis. Sed vehicula diam pharetra, tempus arcu vitae, feugiat nisl. Suspendisse vitae diam eget enim luc- tus ullamcorper eget at eros. In scelerisque finibus urna eu venenatis. Sed eleifend, lorem vitae placerat rhoncus, risus dui imperdiet eros, eu blandit turpis metus non enim. Etiam quis gravida tortor. Pellentesque consequat augue nulla, id sollicitudin leo tristique non. Ut congue ligula at lobortisDraft condimentum. 2: 4.21.16Nam varius facilisis velit id elementum. W viii B 127 IBLIOGRAPHY R R R 125 ECOMMENDED EADING AND ESOURCES M G 115 ARIALICE ARRETT BY C 10: O W ’ T HAPTER NE OMAN S ESTIMONY C 9: C T 107 HAPTER LOSING HOUGHTS M H W 97 AN IS THE EAD OF OMAN C 8: W D P M W H S HAPTER HAT ID AUL EAN HEN E AID 85 C 7: S C (1 T . 2:11-15) HAPTER UBMISSION AND ONTEXT IM C 6: L W K S ? 77 HAPTER ET THE OMEN EEP ILENT 5: A N B 63 C HAPTER EW EGINNING C 4: W F C C 47 HAPTER OMEN IN IRST ENTURY ULTURE C 3: L L N T 25 HAPTER EADING ADIES OF THE EW ESTAMENT C 2: L L O T 17 HAPTER EADING ADIES OF THE LD ESTAMENT C 1: B G 1 HAPTER ACK TO THE ARDEN P REFACE IX F OREWORD VII A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS V D EDICATION IV T C ABLE OF ONTENTS III A G LAN ARRETT I Contents PREFACE erhaps my background is similar to many other people. PI grew up in an evangelical, Christian environment. Evangelicals believe in salvation by faith in Christ alone. They value family life, outreach, discipleship, and community. The Bible is considered the written word of God and the plumbline by which they measure life and practice. As a young man, I remember learning to recite 2 Timothy 3:16, “All Scripture is inspired by God and profi table for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training Draftin righteousness.” 2: I4.21.16 am an evangelical and I continue to hold these values. As a youth, I attended a non-denominational, Bible-be- lieving church in Scottsdale, Arizona. It was similar in values and practice to many Baptist churches. That church was, and still is, a good, solid church. I became a Christian in 1967 through that church’s Children’s Sun- day School program. God met me there and used that church to help set the moral and spiritual foundation for who I am today. At that time, in that particular church community, women were generally respected, but not permitted to teach or lead men in any formal sense. Men and women were seen to have different but complementary roles and responsibilities in marriage, family, and church leader- ship. Women were not ordained as pastors. Men were Unslicenced seen as the authoritative head and decision makers in their families as well as the church. Women were not al- lowed to serve as elders, deacons, or ushers. However, they were very welcomed to teach children (boys to the age of 12) and other women. They were often called upon for works of service: hosting, cooking, event coordinating, and bookkeeping. Once, while attending a high school youth meeting, I remember having a discussion with a woman. She was the wife of a man who was leading one of the all male small groups for our youth. As I talked with her, the ques- tion came up about women being allowed to teach men. I thought I remembered a passage of Scripture somewhere in 1 Timothy that addressed the topic. So, I opened my Bible and thumbed through its pages until I found 1 Timothy 2:12. I carefully read the Apostle Paul’s words, “But I do not allow a woman to teach or exercise author- ity over a man,Draft but to remain 2: quiet.”4.21.16 God’s word seemed pretty clear to me and I believed this was God’s stance. I did not have a problem with women teaching men, but Paul seemed pretty clear in that passage. Since I had wit- nessed the male pastors at my church use 1 Timothy 2:12 to defend the belief that women should not teach men, I chose to interpret the passage the same way. After graduating from high school, I left Scottsdale to attend Westmont College in Santa Barbara, California, where I earned a BA in Religious Studies with an em- phasis in Biblical Greek.