3.3 Land Use and Planning 3.3 Land Use and Planning This section describes the existing land use and planning setting of the proposed project, identifies associated regulatory requirements, evaluates potential land use impacts, and identifies mitigation measures related to implementation of the Newland Sierra Project (proposed project or project). A full land use consistency analysis was conducted for the proposed project and is included as Appendix DD. Comments received in response to the Notice of Preparation (NOP) included concerns regarding consistency with the General Plan and smart growth principles, community character, leapfrog development, and neighborhood compatibility. A copy of the NOP and comment letters received in response to the NOP is included in Appendix A of this EIR. 3.3.1 Existing Conditions 3.3.1.1 Existing Land Uses As described in Chapter 1 of this EIR, the proposed project Site is currently undeveloped. A number of dirt roads, access trails, and service roads for existing water infrastructure traverse the project Site. Portions of the Site have been and continue to be used for various unauthorized land uses, including off-roading, motorcycling, shooting, occasional dumping, horseback riding, hiking, and mountain biking. An abandoned quarry is located in the northwest portion of the Site fronting Twin Oaks Valley Road, and an abandoned private landing strip is located in the north central portion of the Site. Surrounding residential uses to the north, west, and south of the project Site include large-lot, single-family residential development and agricultural uses. Many of the prominent ridges and valleys surrounding the Site are occupied by existing homes. Lawrence Welk Village and the community of Hidden Meadows are located to the east of the project Site across Interstate (I) 15. South of the Site is a mobile home park, the Golden Door Properties LLC, and large-lot residential development along the border of the City of San Marcos and the unincorporated portion of San Diego County (County). Development along Deer Springs Road generally consists of lots featuring one- or two-story homes and, typically, several accessory structures surrounded by landscaping, disturbed vegetation, and vacant fields. Generally, lots are visibly maintained, and landscaping appears to be tended to on a regular basis, but some property owners have elected to use the vacant portions of their property for the storage of personal items, including seemingly inoperable vehicles and trailers. Although generally hidden from view due to perimeter fencing and landscaping, the multiple buildings, gardens, and groves of the Golden Door Properties LLC are also located along Deer Springs Road. June 2018 7608 Newland Sierra Final Environmental Impact Report 3.3-1 3.3 Land Use and Planning Development along Twin Oaks Valley Road generally consists of 1- to 10-acre lots featuring modest one-story single-family residential structures intermixed with tall oak, pine, eucalyptus, and palm trees east and west of Twin Oaks Valley Road. A community market, floral stands, tool repair shop, active agricultural fields, and Twin Oaks Elementary School are also located along the Twin Oaks Valley Road corridor. In addition to nurseries and farm lands located farther east and west of the corridor, small, gated residential development and denser, tract-style single- family residential neighborhoods are located along Twin Oaks Valley Road. The North Twin Oaks Valley Road landscape consists of undeveloped, hilly terrain; large nurseries and growing operations; active agricultural fields; large residential lots featuring expansive two-story homes, equestrian rings and stable facilities; and more modest one- and two-story homes. 3.3.1.2 Land Use Element Regional Category The proposed project Site lies within the North County Metropolitan Subregional Plan area and the Bonsall Community Plan area, as shown in Figure 1-38, Existing Regional Land Use Categories, Chapter 1, of this EIR. The existing General Plan Regional Category for the proposed project is Village, Semi-Rural, and Rural Lands. The proposed project includes approximately 1,888 acres in the North Country Metropolitan Plan area and about 97 acres in the Bonsall Community Plan area. The 1,985-acre project Site currently includes four land use designations: General Commercial (4.6 acres), Office Professional (53.6 acres), Semi-Rural 10 (19.6 acres), and Rural Land 20 (1,907.8 acres). Of those 1,985 acres, 1,888 acres are located within the community of Twin Oaks in the North County Metropolitan Subregional Plan area, and the remaining 97 acres are located in the Bonsall Community Plan area. The 97 acres in the Bonsall Community Plan area are entirely designated with the Rural Lands 20 Land Use Designation and are designated open space in the proposed Newland Sierra Specific Plan. Please refer to EIR Chapter 1, Figure 1- 40, Existing Community Plan Land Use Designations. The project Site is zoned General Commercial (C36), Office Professional (C30), Rural Residential (RR), Limited Agricultural (A70), Extractive (S82), and General Rural (S92) Use Regulations. The 97 acres within the Bonsall Community Plan area are zoned Rural Residential (RR), as shown in Figure 1-42, Existing Zoning, Chapter 1, of this EIR. 3.3.1.3 Community and Subregional Planning Areas From 2000 to 2007, all of the community planning areas and subregional planning areas in unincorporated San Diego County experienced some growth (County of San Diego 2011a). Overall, the unincorporated County of San Diego (County) population grew from 442,919 in 2000 to 481,216 in 2007 (or 9 percent). Historically, the fastest-growing areas were those west of June 2018 7608 Newland Sierra Final Environmental Impact Report 3.3-2 3.3 Land Use and Planning the San Diego County Water Authority’s (Water Authority) boundary that is close to infrastructure. The project’s proposed planning areas are situated within the North County Metropolitan Subregional Plan area (County of San Diego 2011a). Specifically, the North County Metropolitan Subregional Plan area is located along the I-15 and State Route (SR) 78 corridors, and is approximately 56,200 acres. Primary access to and from this subregion is provided by I-15, SR-78, Deer Springs Road, Twin Oaks Valley Road, Champagne Boulevard, and Mountain Meadow Road. In addition, a Sprinter light rail station is located within the subregion near SR-78 southwest of the Twin Oaks community. With the exception of approximately 25,000 acres just east of Escondido, the majority of the subregion is located within the Water Authority’s boundary, and bordered by the unincorporated community planning areas of Bonsall to the north, Valley Center to the north and east, Pala Pauma and North Mountain to the far east, and Ramona and San Dieguito to the south. The North County Metropolitan Subregional Plan area includes the communities of Hidden Meadows and Twin Oaks, along with unincorporated territories interspersed among the cities of Escondido, San Marcos, Vista, Oceanside, and San Diego. The North County Metropolitan Subregion is in proximity to unincorporated cities (e.g., San Marcos, Vista, Oceanside) and major transportation routes (e.g., I-15). The geography of this subregion is diverse and characterized by a mixture of steep, rugged terrain, rolling hills and valleys, and agricultural land. The eastern portion of the North County Metropolitan Subregion, located near Lake Wohlford between the Valley Center and Ramona Community Plan areas, contains mostly undeveloped land with slopes greater than 50 percent and sensitive biological resources. There are also notable slopes along the I-15 corridor between the Twin Oaks and Hidden Meadows communities. Floodplains are found in the southern portion of the Twin Oaks community near San Marcos Creek and the central portion of the Hidden Meadows community near Escondido Creek. The urbanized areas throughout much of the North County Metropolitan Subregion consist of low-density residential development with large lots ranging from 1 to 10 acres, and other areas of higher density single-family residences on lots smaller than 1 acre. Although topographically constrained areas remain largely undeveloped in the Twin Oaks and Hidden Meadows communities, both areas contain single-family residential uses on lots ranging from less than 1 acre to 10 acres. Unincorporated areas interspersed throughout various surrounding cities also are predominately single-family residential areas, but tend to have more multi-family uses. The North County Metropolitan Subregion does not have significant amounts of commercial and industrial uses because these uses are generally found within the neighboring cities (County of San Diego 2011a). June 2018 7608 Newland Sierra Final Environmental Impact Report 3.3-3 3.3 Land Use and Planning Commercial agriculture is an important industry in the North County Metropolitan Subregion. Agricultural activity includes citrus and subtropical plants and nursery production. Agriculture is found in both the Twin Oaks and Harmony Grove communities. A significant portion of land in the Harmony Grove area is currently used for livestock operations including a large egg ranch and dairy farm. Horse-keeping and other types of smaller-scale animal husbandry characterize portions of the subregion (County of San Diego 2011a). 3.3.2 Regulatory Setting 3.3.2.1 State Natural Community Conservation Planning Act of 1991 The Natural Community Conservation Planning (NCCP) Act, Fish and