THE TRANSATLANTIC SOLUTION FOR NATO AGS EADS · GALILEO AVIONICA · GENERAL DYNAMICS CANADA · INDRA · NORTHROP GRUMMAN · THALES TOWARDS AN EU STRATEGY FOR COLLECTIVE SECURITY With media support from An international one day conference organized by the New Defence Agenda, EADS, TIPS and the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. Towards an EU Strategy for Collective Security 3 February 2005, Palais d’Egmont, Brussels I am EADS My name is Aurora del Castillo. I’m in charge of Integrated Logistics Support for military aircraft at EADS CASA, the Spanish partner in the Eurofighter programme. A modern air force isn’t just aircraft, but a complex package of logistics services that range from pilot training and flight simulators to spare parts. My role is to liaise with senior officers from customers’ air forces, determine their needs and ensure these are fulfilled. I remain their key contact long after the aircraft has been delivered. I’m Spanish and European. I’m a woman in what is no longer a man’s world. I am EADS. www.eads.com AIRBUS EUROCOPTER EUROFIGHTER A400M METEOR GALILEO ARIANE The views expressed in this Report are personal opinions and not necessarily the views of the organisations they represent, nor of the New Defence Agenda, its members or sponsors. Contents Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted, providing that full attribution is made to the New Defence Agenda and INTRODUCTION 5 to the source(s) in question, and provided that any such reproduction, whether in whole or in part, is not sold unless Giles Merritt, Director, New Defence Agenda incorporated in other works. ABOUT THE CONFERENCE 6 CONFERENCE PROGRAMME 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: ‘A long and winding road’ 11 KEYNOTE ADDRESS Günter Verheugen, European Commissioner for Enterprise and Industry 13 Q&A with Commissioner Verheugen 16 KEYNOTE ADDRESS Franco Frattini, European Commissioner for Justice, Freedom and Security 17 Q&A with Commissioner Frattini 19 SESSION 1 What are the threats, and how should the EU be tackling them? 21 SESSION 2 Harnessing technology to Europe’s security 31 SESSION 3 Can governments respond to global terrorism with a collective policy? 41 CLOSING ADDRESS Gijs de Vries, Counter-Terrorism Coordinator, European Union 47 INTRODUCTION TO SPEECHES MADE BY Günter Verheugen, Markus Hellenthal, William Pope and Franco Frattini 50 Editor: Giles Merritt LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 54 Rapporteur: John Chapman Photos: Frederic Remouchamps, Keops ABOUT THE NDA 60 Design & Production: AOVO DESIGN, www.aovo.net Introduction The NDA is glad to share with you a summary of the debates of the high-level international conference ‘Towards an EU Strategy for Collective Security’ organized by the New Defence Agenda, EADS, TIPS and Konrad Adenauer Stiftung on 3 February 2005 at the Palais d’Egmont in Brussels. With almost 300 participants and speakers, including European Commissioners Günter Verheugen and Franco Frattini and the two Counter-terrorism Coordinators from both sides of the Atlantic, Gijs de Vries and William Pope, the day was a success and showed that for many key players involved cooperation and coherence are key words. It became clear from the discussions that a ‘European counter-terrorism strategy’ is beginning to take shape. Speakers and participants from both the policy side and the industry sector were clear on an overall message; today’s threats are global and so should be our solutions. There still remain many issues to be tackled. Who is in charge of coordinating these efforts? Can intelligence sharing be improved? Are the EU policies in line with the US and are the EU member-states getting the counter-terrorism burden-sharing right? These questions will be extensively debated at upcoming NDA events. We at the NDA would like to thank partners, speakers and participants for contributing to this event. Giles Merritt Director, New Defence Agenda 4 Towards an EU Strategy for Collective Security New Defence Agenda 5 About the conference The conference programme The conference Towards an EU Strategy for Collective Security attracted an audience of First Session: three hundred industry leaders, government officials, members of the European institutions and NATO officials. Held in Brussels on February 3, 2005 at the Palais d’Egmont, the New Defence What are the threats, and how should the EU be tackling them? Agenda organised the event, in partnership with EADS, TIPS and the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. The quest for an over-arching European security strategy received a major boost with last year’s New Defence Agenda Director Giles Merritt and Peter Weilemann, Director of the publication by Javier Solana of his strategy document. But the level of national responses around European Office, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, introduced the conference. Three sessions were Europe to terrorism threats has been mixed. There is a growing awareness that the EU’s Justice on the agenda and these were moderated, respectively, by Karl von Wogau, Chairman, and Home Affairs mechanisms and the Union’s progress towards common defence policies offer Subcommittee on Defence and Security, European Parliament, Jean Fournet, Assistant the best chance of strengthening European citizens’ collective security. What are the areas of Secretary General for Public Diplomacy, NATO and Mark Huband, Security Correspondent, greatest vulnerability to terrorist attack, and what political measures are now being introduced Financial Times. to tighten security across the EU? How best can European policymakers reconcile new counter- terrorism measures with the open frontiers and civil liberties that the EU stands for? European Commissioners Günter Verheugen, Enterprise and Industry, Franco Frattini, Justice, Freedom and Security, and Gijs de Vries, EU Counter-terrorism Coordinator, gave the Keynote Address: keynote addresses. Günter Verheugen, Commissioner for Enterprise and Industry, European Commission Chairman: Karl von Wogau, Chairman, Subcommittee on Defence and Security, European Parliament Speakers: Richard Falkenrath, Visiting Fellow, Brookings Institution and former Deputy Assistant and Deputy Homeland Security Advisor to the US President Markus Hellenthal, Senior Vice President, Head Line of Business Homeland Security and Member of the Executive Committee of EADS Defence and Communication Systems Diego Ruiz Palmer, Head of Planning Section at the Operations Division, International Staff, NATO Geoffrey Van Orden, Vice-Chairman, Committee on Foreign Affairs, European Parliament 300 participants gathered at the Palais d’Egmont on 3 February 6 Towards an EU Strategy for Collective Security New Defence Agenda 7 Second Session: Third Session: Harnessing technology to Europe’s security Can governments respond to global terrorism with a collective policy? European companies are among those in the forefront of such technologies as anti-missile Transatlantic differences over sharing information about air travellers are being resolved, but devices and airport security systems, and the EU is proposing a European Security Research they underline the difficulties of agreeing global rules. Can the EU’s collective policymaking Programme with a yearly budget of €1bn. What is being done to strengthen anti-terrorist process contribute to strengthening Europe’s peacekeeping capabilities, planning for future force measures in the air and other forms of travel, and what government support may be needed requirements and negotiating binding new international agreements on confronting and defeating across the EU to ensure that new technologies are deployed rapidly? On the ground, the EU’s terrorist organisations? What role should NATO be playing in improving the transatlantic counter- more open national frontiers have seen a lessening of controls with the risk of reduced security. terrorist response? In the aftermath of the Iraq conflict, could Europe and the U.S. fashion a new What technologies are being developed to increase surveillance of the Union’s external and security doctrine that addresses not just terrorism but also the causes of terrorism? internal frontiers, and has its enlargement to 25 made the EU more vulnerable? Keynote Address: Moderator: Franco Frattini, Commissioner for Justice, Freedom and Security, European Commission Jean Fournet, Assistant Secretary General for Public Diplomacy, NATO Moderator: Speakers: Mark Huband, Security Correspondent, Financial Times Victor Aguado, Director General, EUROCONTROL Jorge Bento Silva Principal Administrator, Fight against terrorism, Speakers: Directorate General Justice, Freedom and Security, European Commission Elmar Brok, Chairman, Committee on Foreign Affairs, European Parliament Ilkka Laitinen, Head of International Affairs, Frontier Guard Headquarters, Jean-Louis Gergorin, Executive Vice President, Head of Strategic Coordination, EADS Ministry of the Interior, Finland, and Director of EU Risk Analysis Centre (RAC) William Pope, Acting Counter-Terrorism Coordinator, US State Department James Moseman, Director for Europe and NATO, Northrop Grumman International Jamie Shea, Deputy Assistant Secretary General for External Relations, Public Diplomacy Division, NATO Fernando Valenzuela Marzo, Deputy Director General for CFSP, Multilateral Relations and North America, East Asia, Australia, New Zealand, EEA, EFTA, Directorate General External Relations, European Commission Closing Address: Gijs de Vries, Counter-Terrorism Coordinator, European Union 8 Towards an EU Strategy for Collective Security New Defence Agenda 9 A long and winding road… This NDA international conference