2 PROFILE: WEST COAST PROFILE: WEST COAST 3 CONTENT 1. Executive Summary .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2. Brief Overview ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1. Historical Perspective ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2. Location .................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.3. Spatial Integration .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.3. Land Ownership ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3. Social Development Profile .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1. Key Social Demographics ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1.1. Population............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1.2. Gender, Age and Race ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1.3. Households ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.2. Health ........................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3. Covid-19 ..................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4. Poverty Dimensions ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.1. Distribution .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.2. Inequality ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.3. Employment/Unemployment .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.4. Crime .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.5. Education and Skills Profile ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4. 4. Economic Drivers .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1. Structure of the Economy ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.2 Primary Sector ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.2.1 Agriculture ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3 Secondary Sector ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3.1 Manufacturing ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.4 Tertiary Sector ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.4.1. Transport ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.4.2. Tourism ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.5. Informal Sector .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5. Service Delivery................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.1. Water and Sanitation ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.2. Human Settlements ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.3. Waste Management .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.4. Electricity ................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.5. Roads and Transport .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 6. Governance ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.1. Municipal Performance .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.2. Municipal Capacity ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.3. Traditional Leadership Governance ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 7. Project to Diversify and Grow the Economy ................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.1. Economic Projects .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.2. Social Development Projects.................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.3. Spatial Development .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.4. Environmental Forecast ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 8. Key Recommendations ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4 PROFILE: WEST COAST 5 PROFILE: WEST COAST COVID-19 Vulnerability Index West Coast Source: CSIR/NCDM ` 6 PROFILE: WEST COAST 1. Executive Summary The West Coast District covers an area of 31 229 km2 and is situated along the Atlantic coast of the Western Cape, extending approximately 350 km from north to south. It includes the coastal plain and is bounded on the east by the mountains of the escarpment, though in the case of the Cederberg Mountains the border passes further to the east along the Doring River. The largest towns in the district are Vredendal and Saldanha Bay on the Cape Columbine Peninsula, Malmesbury in the Swartland and Vredendal in the Olifants River Valley. The district is divided into five local municipalities which are: • Bergrivier; • Cederberg; • Matzikama; • Saldanha Bay; and • Swartland. In 2018 there were a total of 131 000 households in the West Coast District. The average household size has reduced from 3.6 in 2008 to 3.5 in 2018. More than 39 000 of these households are located in the Swartland Local Municipality followed by just over 35 000 households in the Saldanha Local Municipality. In respect of COVID-19, as at 01 July 2020 there were 1 516 cases and 907 recoveries. Of great concern is the fact there are 18 200 HIV positive people in the district (West Coast District Health report 2018/29), which is one of the comorbidities that may exacerbate the negative impact of COVID-19. In 2019, there were 224 000 people living in poverty, using the upper poverty line definition, across West Coast District Municipality - this is 44.05% higher than the 156 000 in 2009. The percentage of people living in poverty has increased from 42.65% in 2009 to 47.40% in 2019, which indicates a increase of -4.76 percentage.The District’s Gini’s coefficient has been on the rise and is 0.60 and the Human Development Index (HDI) is above 0.7. The lower-bound poverty line has increased from R370 in 2006 to R758 per person per month in 2017 while the upper-bound poverty line has increased from R575 in 2006 to R1 138 per person per month in 2017. During the 2009-2018 period, the West Coast has created over 30, 000 jobs, which resulted in a 24% increase in jobs. From a service delivery perspective, 81.18% of the total number of PROFILE: WEST COAST 7 households have piped water inside the dwelling. 15.20 % get water in the yard and 1.30% of households have no access to formal water. West Coast District Municipality had a total number of 96 700 (74.42% of total households) very formal dwelling units, a total of 15 200 (11.73% of total households) formal dwelling units and a total number of 10 600 (8.17% of total households) informal dwelling units. The region within West Coast with the highest number of flush toilets is Swartland Local Municipality with 36 000 or a share of 29.53% of the flush toilets within West Coast. The region with the lowest number of flush toilets is Cederberg Local Municipality with a total of 14 800. When looking at the sanitation backlog (number of households without hygienic toilets), it can be seen that in 2008 the number of Households without any hygienic toilets in West Coast District Municipality was 8 260, this decreased annually at a rate of -2.14% to 6 650 in 2018. The top 3 sectors in the West Coast District in terms of GVA include Finance, Manufacturing and Agriculture. The 10-year trend shows that the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector registered the highest average growth rates (4.3 per cent). 2. Introduction: Brief Overview 2.1 Location The West Coast District covers an area of 31 229km² and comprises 24% of the total area of the Western Cape but hosts merely 6.8% of the provincial population. The District is bounded by the Namakwa District of the Northern Cape in the northeast and in the southeast and south by the Cape Winelands District and the Cape Metro. A unique characteristic of the District is that all five the local municipalities include portions of the approximately 350km of coastline area along the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It is comprised of five local municipalities: Swartland, with Malmesbury as the administrative centre; Bergrivier, with Piketberg as the administrative