Appendices Appendix A: Search Strategies Main Search, MEDLINE (1966 to August Week 3 2008) 1. exp Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA 26. (cholestyramine or colestyramin$ or Reductase Inhibitors/ quantalan or questran or 2. Heptanoic Acids/ colesevelam).tw. 3. (Statin$ or reductase inhibitor$).tw. 27. Cholestyramine/ 4. (Simvastatin or Atorvastatin or 28. Colestipol/ Rosuvastatin or Pravastatin or Lovastatin 29. (colestimide or colestilan or or Fluvastatin or Mevastatin or colestipol).tw. Pitavastatin).mp. 30. or/25-29 5. (110862-48-1 or 287714-41-4 or 31. ezetimibe.mp. 75330-75-5 or 79902-63-9 or 81093-37- 32. 163222-33-1.rn. 0 or 93957-54-1).rn. 33. (cholester$ adj3 inhibit$).tw. 6. or/1-5 34. or/31-33 7. exp fatty acids, omega-3/ 35. (fibrate$ or fibric acid$).tw. 8. fatty acids, essential/ 36. Clofibric acid/ 9. Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/ 37. Clofibrate/ 10. linolenic acids/ 38. Bezafibrate/ 11. exp fish oils/ 39. Gemfibrozil/ 12. (n 3 fatty acid$ or omega 3).tw. 40. Procetofen/ 13. eicosapenta?noic.tw,hw,rw. 41. (gemfibrozil or fenofibrate or 14. docosahexa?noic.tw,hw,rw. bezafibrate or clofibrate or clofibric acid 15. alpha linolenic.tw,hw,rw. or procetofen or ciprofibrate).tw. 16. (linolenate or cervonic or 42. (637-07-0 or 25812-30-0 or 41859- timnodonic).tw,hw,rw. 67-0 or 882-09-7 or 49562-28-9).rn. 17. (mediterranean adj diet$).tw. 43. or/35-42 18. ((flax or flaxseed or flax seed or 44. niacin/ linseed or rape seed or rapeseed or 45. nicotinic acid/ canola or soy or soybean or walnut or 46. niacin.tw. mustard seed) adj2 oil$).tw. 47. or/44-46 19. (walnut$ or butternut$ or soybean$ 48. (Zetia or Lopid or Tricor or Lofibra or pumpkin seed$).tw. or Welchol or Colestid or Questran or 20. (fish adj2 oil$).tw. Prevalite).mp. 21. (cod liver oil$ or marine oil$ or 49. Drug Therapy, Combination/ marine fat$).tw. 50. (combination adj3 therapy).tw. 22. (salmon or mackerel or herring or 51. add-on therapy.tw. tuna or halibut or seal or seaweed or 52. or/49-51 anchov$).tw. 53. 6 and (or/24,30,34,43,47-48,52) 23. (fish consumption or fish intake or 54. clinical trial.pt. (fish adj2 diet$)).tw. 55. clinical trials/ 24. or/7-23 56. (randomized or randomly or 25. (anticholesteremic resin$ or (bile placebo).ab. adj3 resin$) or BAR or BAS or 57. trial.ti. Sequestrant$ or Bile acid$).tw. 58. randomized controlled trial.pt. 59. or/54-58 A-1 60. 53 and 59 66. limit 64 to meta analysis 61. or/24,30,34,43,47-48,52 67. or/60,65-66 62. exp Cardiovascular Diseases/ 68. limit 67 to (english language and 63. 61 and 62 yr="1980 - 2007") 64. or/6,63 69. remove duplicates from 68 65. limit 64 to systematic reviews Main Search, Embase (1980 to 2008 Week 36) 1. exp Hydroxymethylglutaryl 24. (anticholesteremic resin$ or (bile Coenzyme a Reductase Inhibitor/ adj3 resin$) or BAR or BAS or 2. (Statin$ or reductase inhibitor$).tw. Sequestrant$ or Bile acid$).tw. 3. (Simvastatin or Atorvastatin or 25. (cholestyramine or colestyramin$ or Rosuvastatin or Pravastatin or Lovastatin quantalan or questran or or Fluvastatin or Mevastatin or colesevelam).tw. Pitavastatin).mp. 26. Cholestyramine/ 4. (110862-48-1 or 287714-41-4 or 27. Colestipol/ 75330-75-5 or 79902-63-9 or 81093-37- 28. Colestyramine/ 0 or 93957-54-1).rn. 29. Colestilan/ 5. or/1-4 30. (colestimide or colestilan or 6. Omega 3 Fatty Acid/ colestipol).tw. 7. exp Essential Fatty Acid/ 31. or/23-30 8. exp Unsaturated Fatty Acid/ 32. Ezetimibe/ 9. Fish oils/ 33. ezetimibe.mp. 10. (n 3 fatty acid$ or omega 3).tw. 34. 163222-33-1.rn. 11. eicosapenta?noic.tw,hw,rw. 35. or/32-34 12. docosahexa?noic.tw,hw,rw. 36. Fibric Acid Derivative/ 13. alpha linolenic.tw,hw,rw. 37. (fibrate$ or fibric acid$).tw. 14. (linolenate or cervonic or 38. Clofibric acid/ timnodonic).tw,hw,rw. 39. Clofibrate/ 15. (mediterranean adj diet$).tw. 40. Bezafibrate/ 16. ((flax or flaxseed or flax seed or 41. Gemfibrozil/ linseed or rape seed or rapeseed or 42. Procetofen/ canola or soy or soybean or walnut or 43. (gemfibrozil or fenofibrate or mustard seed) adj2 oil$).tw. bezafibrate or clofibrate or clofibric acid 17. (walnut$ or butternut$ or soybean$ or procetofen or ciprofibrate).tw. or pumpkin seed$).tw. 44. (637-07-0 or 25812-30-0 or 41859- 18. (fish adj2 oil$).tw. 67-0 or 882-09-7 or 49562-28-9).rn. 19. (cod liver oil$ or marine oil$ or 45. or/36-44 marine fat$).tw. 46. nicotinic acid/ 20. (salmon or mackerel or herring or 47. niacin.tw. tuna or halibut or seal or seaweed or 48. or/46-47 anchov$).tw. 49. (Zetia or Lopid or Tricor or Lofibra 21. (fish consumption or fish intake or or Welchol or Colestid or Questran or (fish adj2 diet$)).tw. Prevalite).mp. 22. or/6-21 50. Drug Therapy, Combination/ 23. Bile Acid Sequestrant/ 51. (combination adj3 therapy).tw. A-2 52. add-on therapy.tw. 60. 54 and 59 53. or/50-52 61. or/22,31,35,45,48-49,53 54. 5 and (or/22,31,35,45,48-49,53) 62. exp Cardiovascular Disease/ 55. limit 54 to "treatment (2 or more 63. 61 and 62 terms high specificity)" 64. 5 or 63 56. clinical trials/ 65. limit 64 to "reviews (2 or more terms 57. (randomized or randomly or high specificity)" placebo).ab. 66. or/60,65 58. trial.ti. 67. limit 66 to (english language and 59. or/55-58 yr="1980 - 2007") Main Search, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2008) 1. exp Hydroxymethylglutaryl 20. (salmon or mackerel or herring or Coenzyme a Reductase Inhibitor/ tuna or halibut or seal or seaweed or 2. (Statin$ or reductase inhibitor$).tw. anchov$).tw. 3. (Simvastatin or Atorvastatin or 21. (fish consumption or fish intake or Rosuvastatin or Pravastatin or Lovastatin (fish adj2 diet$)).tw. or Fluvastatin or Mevastatin or 22. or/6-21 Pitavastatin).mp. 23. Bile Acid Sequestrant/ 4. (110862-48-1 or 287714-41-4 or 24. (anticholesteremic resin$ or (bile 75330-75-5 or 79902-63-9 or 81093-37- adj3 resin$) or BAR or BAS or 0 or 93957-54-1).rn. Sequestrant$ or Bile acid$).tw. 5. or/1-4 25. (cholestyramine or colestyramin$ or 6. Omega 3 Fatty Acid/ quantalan or questran or 7. exp Essential Fatty Acid/ colesevelam).tw. 8. exp Unsaturated Fatty Acid/ 26. Cholestyramine/ 9. Fish oils/ 27. Colestipol/ 10. (n 3 fatty acid$ or omega 3).tw. 28. Colestyramine/ 11. eicosapenta?noic.tw,hw,rw. 29. Colestilan/ 12. docosahexa?noic.tw,hw,rw. 30. (colestimide or colestilan or 13. alpha linolenic.tw,hw,rw. colestipol).tw. 14. (linolenate or cervonic or 31. or/23-30 timnodonic).tw,hw,rw. 32. Ezetimibe/ 15. (mediterranean adj diet$).tw. 33. ezetimibe.mp. 16. ((flax or flaxseed or flax seed or 34. 163222-33-1.rn. linseed or rape seed or rapeseed or 35. or/32-34 canola or soy or soybean or walnut or 36. Fibric Acid Derivative/ mustard seed) adj2 oil$).tw. 37. (fibrate$ or fibric acid$).tw. 17. (walnut$ or butternut$ or soybean$ 38. Clofibric acid/ or pumpkin seed$).tw. 39. Clofibrate/ 18. (fish adj2 oil$).tw. 40. Bezafibrate/ 19. (cod liver oil$ or marine oil$ or 41. Gemfibrozil/ marine fat$).tw. 42. Procetofen/ A-3 43. (gemfibrozil or fenofibrate or 73. (walnut$ or butternut$ or soybean$ bezafibrate or clofibrate or clofibric acid or pumpkin seed$).tw. or procetofen or ciprofibrate).tw. 74. (fish adj2 oil$).tw. 44. (637-07-0 or 25812-30-0 or 41859- 75. (cod liver oil$ or marine oil$ or 67-0 or 882-09-7 or 49562-28-9).rn. marine fat$).tw. 45. or/36-44 76. (salmon or mackerel or herring or 46. nicotinic acid/ tuna or halibut or seal or seaweed or 47. niacin.tw. anchov$).tw. 48. or/46-47 77. (fish consumption or fish intake or 49. (Zetia or Lopid or Tricor or Lofibra (fish adj2 diet$)).tw. or Welchol or Colestid or Questran or 78. or/61-77 Prevalite).mp. 79. (anticholesteremic resin$ or (bile 50. Drug Therapy, Combination/ adj3 resin$) or BAR or BAS or 51. (combination adj3 therapy).tw. Sequestrant$ or Bile acid$).tw. 52. add-on therapy.tw. 80. (cholestyramine or colestyramin$ or 53. or/50-52 quantalan or questran or 54. 5 and (or/22,31,35,45,48-49,53) colesevelam).tw. 55. exp Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA 81. Cholestyramine/ Reductase Inhibitors/ 82. Colestipol/ 56. Heptanoic Acids/ 83. (colestimide or colestilan or 57. (Statin$ or reductase inhibitor$).tw. colestipol).tw. 58. (Simvastatin or Atorvastatin or 84. or/79-83 Rosuvastatin or Pravastatin or Lovastatin 85. ezetimibe.mp. or Fluvastatin or Mevastatin or 86. 163222-33-1.rn. Pitavastatin).mp. 87. (cholester$ adj3 inhibit$).tw. 59. (110862-48-1 or 287714-41-4 or 88. or/85-87 75330-75-5 or 79902-63-9 or 81093-37- 89. (fibrate$ or fibric acid$).tw. 0 or 93957-54-1).rn. 90. Clofibric acid/ 60. or/55-59 91. Clofibrate/ 61. exp fatty acids, omega-3/ 92. Bezafibrate/ 62. fatty acids, essential/ 93. Gemfibrozil/ 63. Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/ 94. Procetofen/ 64. linolenic acids/ 95. (gemfibrozil or fenofibrate or 65. exp fish oils/ bezafibrate or clofibrate or clofibric acid 66. (n 3 fatty acid$ or omega 3).tw. or procetofen or ciprofibrate).tw. 67.