MPPSC 2020 – UNIT WISE TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 MPPSC 2020 UNIT WISE MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 TEST 2 MODEL HINTS GS PAPER 1 Unit 2 - HISTORY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 MARKERS 1. This question consists of very short answer-type questions. Each question is to be answered in 1 line (10 Words). There is no internal choice. Each question carries 3 marks. (a) First Battle of Panipat Model Hints The First Battle of Panipat was fought between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi. The Battle was fought on April 21, 1526. Ibrahim Lodhi was the son of Sikander Lodhi. He was the last king of the Lodhi dynasty and the last Sultan of Delhi. Daulat Khan Lodhi, the governor of Punjab, invited Babur to over throw Ibrahim. Babur accepted the offer and inflicted a crushing defeat on Ibraham in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 AD. Ibrahim was killed in the battle and with him ended the Delhi Sultanate. MPPSC 2020 (UNIT WISE TEST SERIES – 50 TESTS) (Enroll@9999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – UNIT WISE TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (b) Balban Model Hints Balban was an IIbari-Turk. He was the slave of Iltutmish. He propounded a new theory of kinship He took the title Jil-i-IIahi (a shadow of God on Earth). Supplementary notes on Balban In his court, he introduced some formalities like sijda (prostration) and Paibos (kissing of feet). The Iranian festival of Nauroz or New Year was celebrated in the court. The well known Hindi and Persian poet Amir Khusrau (AD 1235-1325) who was called the Parrot of India adorned the court of Balban. (c) Jaziya Model Hints Tax levied by the Muslim rulers on Hindu residents of the territory in return for their protection Qutb-ud-din Aibak imposed jizya Akbar abolished jizya in 16th Century Aurangzeb re-introduced in the 17th century (d) Guru Nanak Model Hints Guru Nanak, born as Nanak (1469 – 1539), also referred to as Baba Nanak was the founder of Sikhism and is the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. His birth is celebrated worldwide as Guru Nanak Gurpurab Guru Nanak Dev was born in a village, Talwandi near Lahore (it was renamed later as Nankana Sahib). Guru Nanak Dev has written compositions which were included in the Adi Granth compiled by Guru Arjan (1563-1606), the fifth Sikh guru. This came to be known as Guru Granth Sahib after the additions made by the 10th guru Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708). MPPSC 2020 (UNIT WISE TEST SERIES – 50 TESTS) (Enroll@9999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – UNIT WISE TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (e) Baburnama Model Hints Baburnama (Tuzuk-i-Baburi) is the autobiography of Babur, the founder of the Mughal empire in India. He has written about his own success and failure or about his shortcomings. Tujuk-i-Baburi is written in Turki language. Mughal imperial officer, Abdur Rahim Khan Khan-i- Khanan, son of Bairam Khan, translated it into Persian. (f) Battle of Buxar Model Hints Battle of Buxar (22 October 1764) was fought between the British and three allies (Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula of Awadh, and Shah Alam II). This battle ended in the defeat of the allies by the British forces under Major Hector Munro. (g) Din-e-Ilahi As a revolt against the orthodoxy and bigotry of religious priests, Akbar proclaimed a new religion, Din-i-Ilahi in 1581. The new religion was best on a synthesis of the best values taken from several religions like Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, and Christianity. It did not recognize the prophet. He abolished all the religious restrictions imposed by previous Muslim religions Birbal was the only Hindu who followed this new religion. Din-i-Ilahi, however, did not become popular. Ten Commandments of Din-i-ilahi Liberal-mindedness and generosity. Careful thought on the proposed action. Forgiveness of the evildoers. Softness of voice and gentle speech. Repulsion of anger with mildness. Good treatment with fellow brethren. Abstinence from worldly desire. Total break with bad characters. Non-attachment to the materialistic Dedication of the soul in the love of world. God. MPPSC 2020 (UNIT WISE TEST SERIES – 50 TESTS) (Enroll@9999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – UNIT WISE TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (h) Qutb-ud-Din Aibak Model Hints Timeline: 1206-1210 AD Qutb ud-Din Aibak was a Turkish slave who had risen to high rank in Muhammad Ghori's army. After Muhammad Ghori's death in AD 1206, the control of his Indian possessions was passed on to him. Aibak was the first independent Muslim ruler of Northern India and the founder of Delhi Sultanate. He started his reign with the modest title of ‘Malik' and ‟Sipahsalar'. Aibak was a great patron of learning and patronized writers like Hasan-un-Nizami and Fakhruddin. He began the construction of Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque (Delhi), Adhai Din Ka Jhopra (a mosque at Ajmer) He began the construction of Qutub Minar, 72 ½ meters (238 feet) stone tower in Delhi (after the name of Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki ), a Muslim saint. The construction of Qutub Minar was finally completed by IItutmish, his successor. Qutb ud-Din Aibak was brave, faithful and generous and due to his generosity he was known as "Lakh Baksh". In 1210, while playing Chaughan (polo) at Lahore, he fell off his horse and died of injuries. Buried at Lahore. (i) Harihara I Model Hints Harihara I (1336- 1356) He is known as Hakka and Vira Harihara I. He was the founder of the Vijayanagara Empire. He built a fort at Barkuru which is on the west coast of the present-day Karnataka. He made „Anegondi‟ as his first capital and later Vijayanagara was made the capital. He included the area of Hoysalas in his Empire in 1346. MPPSC 2020 (UNIT WISE TEST SERIES – 50 TESTS) (Enroll@9999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – UNIT WISE TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 5 MARKERS 2. Answers of the following questions in 5-6 lines (50 words) each. (a) Write a short note on public welfare activities of Feroz Shah Tughlaq Model Hints Firoz Tughlaq carried out various works of public utility for the welfare of his people. Some of his welfare policies were: He established a special charity department called Deiwan-e-Khairat to help the poor and the needy. It also looked into the welfare of widows, orphans and needy children. He set up an Employment Bureau to provide job opportunities to unemployed people. He built rest houses for travellers and free hospitals which provided free medical services to the poor and needy. One such hospital called Dar-ul- Shafa was established in Delhi where free medicines and food were supplied to the patients. For travelers about 200 „Sarais‟ were established on important routes and trees were planted on both sides of the roads. (b) Give a brief account of architecture during the Sultanate period. Art and architecture which was a combination of Arabic and Indian styles that took a new direction in the Delhi Sultanate period. It witnesses the evolution and development of Indo-Islamic Architecture by synthesising geometrical shapes, calligraphy, inscriptional art etc. Architecture during the Sultanate period STRUCTURE LOCATIONS BUILDERS Adhai din ka Jhopra Ajmer Qutub-ud-din Aibak Iitutmish Qutub Minar Delhi (founded by Qutub-ud-din Aibak) Tomb of Hazarat Nizamuddin Auliya Delhi Ala-ud-din Khalji Alai Darwaja Delhi Ala-ud-din Khalji Jammat Khana Masjid Delhi Ala-ud-din Khalji Tomb of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq Delhi Muhammed bin-Tughlaq Tughlaqabad Fort Delhi Muhammed-bin-Tughlaq Wazir Miya Bhoiya Moth ki Masjid Delhi (Prime minister of Sikandar Lodhi) MPPSC 2020 (UNIT WISE TEST SERIES – 50 TESTS) (Enroll@9999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – UNIT WISE TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (c) Discuss the policies and social reforms during the reign of Akbar. Model Hints Akbar was the mightiest Emperor of the Mughal dynasty. Succeeding his father Humayun at a critical stage in 1556, he slowly enlarged the extent of the Mughal Empire to include almost all of the Indian sub-continent. He formed matrimonial alliances with Rajputs an appointed them on important posts. Policy of religious tolerance He abolished Pilgrimage tax 1563 and Jaziya 1564 and the establishment of an in 'am grant for the support of a temple at Vindravan (1565). 1571 onwards came under the influence of Shaikh Moinuddin Chisti. From the year 1573 to 1581, Akbar was undergoing religious experimentation Ibadatkana debates from 1575- 1578. The conception of Akbar’s religious universalism came to be pronounced in the form of Sul-E-Kul in 1581. He also founded a new religion named Din-i-Ilhai. ( 1583) He gave patronage to art and culture. Being fond of literature, he extended support to literature in several languages. Administration Akbars administrative policies were mentioned in Abul Fazl's Akbarnama. Empire was divided into provinces known as Subas, governed by a Subadar. The Subadar carried out both political and military functions. Each province also had a financial officer or Diwan. For the maintenance of peace and order in his province, the Subadar was supported by several officers, for example:The military paymaster also was known as Bakhsh, The minister in charge of religious and charitable patronage or Military commanders called Fauzdars, and The town police commander called Akbar's nobles commanded huge armies and had access to large amounts of revenue.