HA RA B IAHM U , , AN D ARS I N O E IVI TH THI RT Y P L ATE S «o o M F DE R P E TRI E W . L IN S ” “ “ NA K RATIS I . I Z . U AUTHOR OF PYRAMIDS AND TEMPLES OF G EH , TANIS I AND , ” “ I B ETC . A SEASON IN EGYPT , HISTOR CAL SCARA S , n o n no n “ : D 8 TUE R THE L E ADE NHAL L P RESS E C . F IE L , , UDGATE H LL E C . TR BNER CO. L U , 5 7 5 9 I , Th e n will . h i s co n secra d l d b d f t te an , th e a o e o sh ri n es an d m b e d e e s e n se fi e d wi h rav e s an d co r se s . t pl , ly ll t g p 0 ! E E ! o f th wo rshi s o n rumo urs wi gypt , gypt y p ly ll be rese rv ed an d e e n h e se wi s ee m i n credib e to th p , v t ll l y co mi n g ge n e ratio n s ; o n ly wo rd s will be preserv ed o n th e s o n e s to e o f th io us de e ds an d E wi be t t ll y p , gypt ll i n h abited by th e Scyth ian o r In di an o r o ther such fro m ' ’ ' h n e i hbo uri n ba barian an d —Attr z6utea to A ulezus t e g g r l . pp ; t m ] . Mo mmsen r a . CONTENTS. d i n ue . T V. co n t INTRODUCTION. CHAP E R , I I . COND TION OF THE FAYUM IN PAST TIMES , TEXT OF THE PAPYRUS , 2 . WORK AT ARSINOE, EVIDENCE OF THE READINGS, 3 . WORK AT HAWARA , FRAGMENTS OF LITERARY PAPYRI , 4 . CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE PRESENT WORK , PTOLEMAIC PAPYRI , B PAPYRI OF TI ERIUS, T I . C HAP ER PAPYRI OF VESPASIAN , PAPYRI OF TRAJAN , THE LABYRINTH . PAPYRI OF HADRIAN , THE SITE , TAx PAPERS , THE REMAINS , HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTS, m F OR A MATERIAL RESTOR TION , T M T I , 0 RESUL S FRO HE PAPYR 0 ANCIENT DESCRIPTIONS , CATALOGUE OF PAPYRI , 0 OF THE B 5 NATURE UILDING , I THE GREEK NSCRIPTIONS, T I I . CHAP ER C HAP TER VI . THE OF . B THE I Y . CEMETERY HAWARA P CTURES . CECIL SMITH B EARLY TOM S , THE STATEMENTS OF PLINY, B — PTOLEMAIC TOM S , WAX PAINTING IN GREECE, ’ B T E T- B - AUP - X TOM OF AST ANKH , OTHER E AMPLES OF ANCIENT PAINTINGS , ANK HRUI SARCOPHAGUS OF , ANCIENT USE OF PORTRAITURE , B EARLY TOM CHAPELS , DESCRIPTION OF THE HAWARA COLLECTION , PTOLEMAIC VI LLAGE, I CHAPT ER V I . PICTURE FRAME, B N . BY . THE B . B ROMAN TOM S , AND DECORATIVE PAINTING , ANCIENT OTANY PERCY E EW ERRY ’ KM T , WOR EN S OOLS PREVIOUS COLLECTIONS OF ANCIENT PLANTS , B &C . T T , K T , , , A LE S CAS E LENSES STATE OF THE PRESENT COLLECTION , S B TOY ANCIENT DISTRI UTION OF PLANTS , J I , ARS OF CO NS FOOD PLANTS INTRODUCED , I OTHER ECONOM C PLANTS , C HAPTE R I I I . I FLOWER NG PLANTS , HE D R B M . T ECO ATION AND URIAL OF UMMIES NATIVE PLANTS , I MATER ALS FOR MANUFACTURE, 22 . IN PTOLEMAIC COFFINS, 2 B EXTENT OF VARIATIONS , . TI G , 3 PRESERVA ON A OVE ROUND I LIST OF SPEC ES DISCOVERED 3 24. CONSEQUENT DECORATION WITH GILT HEADS , B 2 . 5 GILT USTS WITH ARMS , C HAPT ER VI I I R I , T ANS TION STAGES TO PANEL PAINTINGS BIAHMU. 2 7 . PAINTING ON PANEL , AND METHODS , NATURE OF STRUCTURES , 2 8. PERIODS OF JEWELLERY PAINTED , EVIDENCES FOR THE RESTORATION , 2 . 9 NAMES , AND AGES OF PORTRAITS , Z I T I , B A S E OF HE COLOSS 0 . 3 URIAL OF PORTR IT MUMMIES , B I MEASUREMENTS , 3 I . RETURN TO I MMEDIATE URIAL AND CESSAT ON T IT , OF POR RA S CH APT ER IX. V ARSINOE . C HAPT ER I . I OF THE 7 . ARRANGEMENT TEMENOS , I BY F L L . G . THE I TI . I IT NSCR P ONS R FF H 2 THE P RO- 7 . TEMENOS , 2 R OF ANK HRUI 2 1 OF XIITH AND 3 . SA COPHAGUS , 7 3. REMAINS DYNASTY , LEVELS , ARS 2 AND 33 CANOPIC j , 3 7 4 LATER REMAINS LEVELS , 7‘ 34~ INSCRIPTIONS ON WOODEN COFFINS , CHAPT ER X. T V . C H AP ER WEIGHTS . BY . S . THE P I . P OF APYR ROF AYCE CATALOGUE MEMPHIS WEIGHTS , OF THE OF , PAPYRI KNOWN I LIAD , CATALOGUE DELTA WEIGHTS OF THE 2 OF DE F ENNEH , CHARACTERISTICS HAWARA ILIAD , 4 CATALOGUE WEIGHTS OF 2 AN I T OF THE CORRECTNESS OF EXTENT TH IS PAPYRUS , S NDEPENDEN PROOF 0 USE OF B , ACCENTUAL SYM OLS , PREVIOUS RESULTS ATE S L IST OF P L . ' ' F r o n lzs zece F I O . p . NINE PHOTOGRAPHS PORTRA TS POTTERY, ROMAN I . LID . HAWARA SARCOPHAGUS, . POTTERY, LATE ROMAN ND . L ID A B B B I I I SARCOPHAGUS, ODY WAXED TA LETS AND TOM PAINT NGS . B . I I I SARCOPHAGUS, INSCRIPTIONS IVORY CASKET, ETC . , ONE TOM IV A I I I RS . B CANOPIC j , NSCR PT ONS TOYS FROM ONE TOM . Y I I I . COFFIN NSCR PT ONS . GLASS, TOYS, ETC . VI . I I I I . B I B . STONE INSCR PT ONS , H EROGLYPH C TOYS, EM ROIDER ES ; ONE TOM VI I . I I I STONE NSCR PT ONS , GREEK . WRITING OF DATED PAPYRI . A . I . B ETC . I VI I FUNEREAL LA ELS, _ PHOTOGR PH OF IL AD PAPYRUS I X F Y . I . O . HISTORY MUMM DECORATION ACCENTS ON PAPYRUS CO NS X F I O . NINE PHOTOGRAPHS PORTRA TS PLAN OF HAWARA M BIAH . I THE . U XI . JEWELLERY N PAINTINGS RESTORATION OF COLOSSUS ; XI I I AND B D . I I I . P CTURE FRAMES OR ERS P ECES OF COLOSSUS ; NSCRIPTIONS, ARS NOE I I I N . A D B . XI II . TOOLS USHA TIS FL NT AND RON KN VES X V X T EM N V . I I . X ITH O T E o s . POTTERY, DYNASTY GREEK PLAN OF , ARS NOE “ d 2 rratum Sea o t . 20 IL l e 20 o r 2 0 B. C . rea 0 B. C . [E in A s n in Egyp , p , , in , f 3 4 34 ] TROD CTI IN U ON. G reb aut On . w I . applying last autumn to M to have should be the better understood For the follo ing m w o f Of some place named for y excavations , he decided on vie the use the great dy ke I am indebted to was C R R E . B h . C . w o allotting the Fay um province to me it not being olonel oss , , , has professionally con — sid e red worked by an y one else the department of anti the subject . The Fay um is one Of the oases uiti es L C N q not having touched it for quarter of a century, of the iby an desert, ly ing lose to the ile valley ; — and it was a district containing many interesting and the intervening ground is lo w enough for the fte r N A . problems . copy ing plans and making notes in ile to pour into the basin The fall from the Nile E n lan d Of w was kn o wn w g , to make certain hat already , valley to where the channel idens out into the ' e l 1 2 w I arrived in due course at Medinet Fay um , and Fayum is about feet ; and the ater flows over S b w settled on the ide of the great mounds , hard by a the province y canals and ravines , orn through te n t . mill , once more living free in a The place is the rock and its superincumbent mud , until the pleasant enough in the winter ; but when the kha streams finally collect in the Birket Kurun at more w w Of 200 w N masin inds blo , the clouds dust arise like a than feet belo the ile level , and , indeed , 1 fo . o t 0 thick brown g I soon g together some men from 3 feet below the sea . The present area Of culti v a the village of Me n sh i et Abdallah at the end of the tion is about 20 miles in each direction ; but the m w w w w 0 ounds ; and they ent ith me after ards to hole basin , geographically speaking, is about 4 H w v i a ara . miles across on an a erage . Th s does not include e l w Of W R Medinet Fayum is the modern town hich the secondary basin the adi ayan to the south , A P an w represents the ancient rsinoe, so named by tolemy which never had y connection ith the Fayum Ph i lad e l h o s - w p i n honour of his sister ife ; it lies at basin in historic times , the ground rising over 1 00 w N w two the extreme south of the old site, hich covers a space feet above ile level bet een the depressions .