Bacillus subtilis subtilis 168 Chromosome by Ingrid Keseler1, Ron Caspi1, Markus Krummenacker1, Pallavi Subhraveti1, Anamika Kothari1, Carol A Fulcher1, Amanda Mackie2 --- 1SRI International, 2Macquarie University Legend: Protein gene Transcription Start Adjacent genes drawn in the same color are within the same operon. Copyright SRI International 2009-2021. All Rights Reserved. RNA gene Terminator Uncolored genes are not yet assigned to an operon. This diagram was automatically generated by SRI International Pathway Tools version 25.0, authors M. Krummenacker and P.D. Karp. Pseudo-genes are crossed out with a big, diagonal X. σA σA σA σA yaaAσA σA σA σE σA σE σA σF σW σA σK σA σG dnaA dnaN recF remB gyrB gyrA rrnO-16S rrnO-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S yaaC guaB dacA pdxS pdxT serS dck dgk yaaH yaaI tadA scr dnaX yaaK recR bofA rrnA-16S rrnA-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S xpaC yaaN yaaO tmk darA yaaR holB ricT yabA yabB yazA yabC abrB metS : methionyl-tRNA synthetase yabD yabE rnmV ksgA yabG veg ispE purR 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 22,000 24,000 26,000 28,000 30,000 32,000 34,000 36,000 38,000 40,000 42,000 44,000 46,000 48,000 50,000 52,000 54,000 σGF σB σH σA σG σA σA σA σA yazB σA σB purR yabJ spoVG gcaD prs ctc pth fin mfd : transcription-repair coupling factor spoVT yabM : putative exporter yabN rqcP yabP yabQ divIC yabR spoIIE yabS prkT tilS hprT ftsH coaX hslO yacD cysK pabB pabA pabC sul folB folK dusB lysS rrnJ-16S rrnJ-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S rrnW-16S rrnW-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S ctsR mcsA mcsB clpC radA disA yacL 56,000 58,000 60,000 62,000 64,000 66,000 68,000 70,000 72,000 74,000 76,000 78,000 80,000 82,000 84,000 86,000 88,000 90,000 92,000 94,000 96,000 98,000 100,000 102,000 104,000 106,000 108,000 σA σA secE σA σA rplGB rpmC rpsNA rpmD ybzG infA σG σG σE yacL ispD ispF gltX cysE cysS mrnC rlmB raeA sigH nusG rplK rplA rplJ rplL ybxB rpoB rpoC rpsL rpsG fusA : elongation factor G tufA ybaC rpsJ rplC rplD rplW rplB rpsS rplV rpsC rplP rpsQ rplNA rplX rplE rpsH rplF rplR rpsE rplO secY adk mapA rpsM rpsK rpoA rplQ ybxA ybaE ybaF truA rplM rpsI ybaJ ybaK cwlD salA gerD kbaA pdaB rrnI-16S rrnI-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S 110,000 112,000 114,000 116,000 118,000 120,000 122,000 124,000 126,000 128,000 130,000 132,000 134,000 136,000 138,000 140,000 142,000 144,000 146,000 148,000 150,000 152,000 154,000 156,000 158,000 160,000 162,000 164,000 σA σA σW σA σA σA rrnI-23S rrnH-16S rrnH-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S rrnG-16S rrnG-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S ybaR : putative permease ybaS ybbA feuC feuB feuA btr namZ nagZ : b-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase amiE murP ybbH murQ ybbJ ybbK sigW rsiW cdaA cdaR glmM glmS alkA adaA adaB ndhF ybcC ybcF ybcH ybcI ybzH ybcL ybcM skfB skfC skfE skfF 166,000 168,000 170,000 172,000 174,000 176,000 178,000 180,000 182,000 184,000 186,000 188,000 190,000 192,000 194,000 196,000 198,000 200,000 202,000 204,000 206,000 208,000 210,000 212,000 214,000 216,000 218,000 σAX σD σG σA σA σW σA σA σY σA σA skfG skfH ybdG ybdJ ybdK ybzI prkD ybdN ybdO ybxG csgA ybxI cypC ybyB aimA : H+/serine transporter glpQ glpT ybeF ybfA ybfB ybfE ybfF ybfG ybfH ybfI purT mpr ybfJ cesB pssA ybfM psd ybfN ybfO ybfP ybfQ gltP gamP gamA gamR ybgB ilvE ybgF ybgG glnT glsA glnJ glnL ycbC ycbD gudP gudD ycbG 220,000 222,000 224,000 226,000 228,000 230,000 232,000 234,000 236,000 238,000 240,000 242,000 244,000 246,000 248,000 250,000 252,000 254,000 256,000 258,000 260,000 262,000 264,000 266,000 268,000 270,000 272,000 σA σA ycbG σA rtpA σE σA tatAD σA σA σA σW σA σA σA garD ycbJ tboW ycbK ycbL ycbM ycbN ycbO ycbP cwlJ ycbR phoD tatCD pcp ycbU lmrB lmrA ansZ lip yczC yccF natK natR natA natB yccK ycdA ycdB ycdC cwlK rapJ ycdF ycdG znuA znuC znuB yceB yceC yceD yceE yceF yceG yceH niaP yceJ yceK opuAA opuAB opuAC amhX ycgA ycgB amyE 274,000 276,000 278,000 280,000 282,000 284,000 286,000 288,000 290,000 292,000 294,000 296,000 298,000 300,000 302,000 304,000 306,000 308,000 310,000 312,000 314,000 316,000 318,000 320,000 322,000 324,000 326,000 328,000 σA σA σE σB σA σA σA yczLσA σG σD σA amyE ldh lctP : L-lactate permease mdr ycgE ycgF ycgG ycgH ycgI nadE tmrB aroK ycgJ ycgK cah ycgL putB putC putP putR ycgQ ycgR ycgS ycgT nasF nasE nasD nasC nasB nasA folEB yciB zagA yckA yckB yckC yckD bglC nin nucA tlpC hxlB hxlA hxlR srfAA : surfactin synthetase 330,000 332,000 334,000 336,000 338,000 340,000 342,000 344,000 346,000 348,000 350,000 352,000 354,000 356,000 358,000 360,000 362,000 364,000 366,000 368,000 370,000 372,000 374,000 376,000 378,000 380,000 382,000 sfp bsdD σA σG σG σA σA srfAA : surfactin synthetase srfAB : surfactin synthetase srfAC : surfactin synthetase srfAD ycxA ycxB ycxC ycxD yczE tcyC tcyB tcyA yclA ubiX ubiD yclD yclE dtpT yclG : putative uronase gerKA gerKC gerKB yclH yclI yclJ yclK rapC thrD fpiB fpiC fpiD fpiA ycnB ycnC 384,000 386,000 388,000 390,000 392,000 394,000 396,000 398,000 400,000 402,000 404,000 406,000 408,000 410,000 412,000 414,000 416,000 418,000 420,000 422,000 424,000 426,000 428,000 430,000 432,000 434,000 436,000 σA σA σG yczO σK σB σM σA swaO σB ycnC ycnD ycnE yczG gabR gabT gabD glcU gdh ycnI ycnJ ycnK ycnL mtlA mtlF mtlD ycsA sipU yczH ycsD ycsE pxpA ycsG ycsI pxpB pxpC pxpR lipC yczI yczJ pbpC ycsN mtlR ydaB ydaC ydaD ydaE ydaF ydaG bsrC amj ydzA lrpC topB : DNA topoisomerase III ydaJ ydaK ydaL ydaM ydaN kimA : K+ importer mutT ydaP ydzK mntH 438,000 440,000 442,000 444,000 446,000 448,000 450,000 452,000 454,000 456,000 458,000 460,000 462,000 464,000 466,000 468,000 470,000 472,000 474,000 476,000 478,000 480,000 482,000 484,000 486,000 488,000 490,000 492,000 σBI ydaS σB σB σW σE σE σA σB conD rapI ydaT ydbA gsiB ydbB ydbC ydbD dctB dctS dctR dctP ydbI ydbJ ydbK ydbL ydbM ydbO ydbP ddl murF cshA ydbS ydbT ydcA acpS ssdC alrA ndoA rsbRA rsbS rsbT rsbU rsbV rsbW sigB rsbX ydcF ydcG pamR ydcI ydcK int immA immR xis ydzL devI helP conQ nicK ydcS ydcT yddA conB conC conE yddF conG : ICEBs1 conjugation machinery cwlT yddI yddJ yddK 494,000 496,000 498,000 500,000 502,000 504,000 506,000 508,000 510,000 512,000 514,000 516,000 518,000 520,000 522,000 524,000 526,000 528,000 530,000 532,000 534,000 536,000 538,000 540,000 542,000 544,000 546,000 ydzM ydzN cspC ydzE ydzO ydzPydzQ σA σA σA σB ydzH σG σG rapI yddM yddN lrpA lrpB yddQ yddR yddS yddT ydeA cdnL ydeC ydeD ydeE ydeF ydeG ydeH ydeI ydeJ ydeK ydeL ydeM ydeN ydzF ydeO ydeP ydeQ ydeR ydeS aseR ydfA ydfB ydfC ydfD ydfE ydfF ydfG ydfH ydfI ydfJ nap ydfK ydfL mneP ydfN ydfO ydfP ydfQ ydfR ydfS cotP 548,000 550,000 552,000 554,000 556,000 558,000 560,000 562,000 564,000 566,000 568,000 570,000 572,000 574,000 576,000 578,000 580,000 582,000 584,000 586,000 588,000 590,000 592,000 594,000 596,000 598,000 600,000 602,000 σE σK σE σA σA σB σA tatAY ydiK groESσA ydzT ydzT ydzT ydzV ydgB ydgC ydgD ydgE vmlR ydgF bstG ydgG ydgH : putative membrane component ydgI ydgJ ydgK ydhB ydhC ydhD ydhE ydhF phoB fra ydhH ydhI ydhJ copL pbuE A gmuB gmuA gmuC gmuD gmuR gmuE gmuF gmuG rrnE-16S rrnE-23S : ribosomal RNA-23S thiL tsaE tsaB rimI tsaD ydiF moaC rex tatCY ydiL groEL ydiM ydzU ydiO ydiP 604,000 606,000 608,000 610,000 612,000 614,000 616,000 618,000 620,000 622,000 624,000 626,000 628,000 630,000 632,000 634,000 636,000 638,000 640,000 642,000 644,000 646,000 648,000 650,000 652,000 654,000 656,000 σA ydzW ydzW ydzW σA σW σA ydzJ ydjO σW σK σA σA yebD σA ydiP ydiR ydiS ydjA ydjB ydjC gutR gutB gutP ydjE pspA ydjG ydjH ydjI ydjJ iolT bdhA ydjM ydjN ydjP yeaA cotA gabP ydzX mneS yeaC yeaD yebA : conserved hypothetical protein guaA : GMP synthetase pbuG yebC yebE purE purK purB purC purS purQ purL purF purM purN purH purD yezC 658,000 660,000 662,000 664,000 666,000 668,000 670,000 672,000 674,000 676,000 678,000 680,000 682,000 684,000 686,000 688,000 690,000 692,000 694,000 696,000 698,000 700,000 702,000 704,000 706,000 708,000 710,000 σB yezF σA yezA σA σA cotJAσE cotJB yecA yerA yerB yerC yerD pcrB pcrA : ATP-dependent DNA helicase ligA : DNA ligase (NAD-dependent) yerH yerI sapB opuE gatC gatA gatB yerO swrC dgkB rlmCD yefB yefC dnmA : DNA methyltransferase yeeB yeeC yeeD yezG yeeF yeeG rapH yeeI yeeK yezE yesE yesF cotJC yesJ yesK yesL yesM yesN yesO yesP yesQ yesR yesS 712,000 714,000 716,000 718,000 720,000 722,000 724,000 726,000 728,000 730,000 732,000 734,000 736,000 738,000 740,000 742,000 744,000 746,000 748,000 750,000 752,000 754,000 756,000 758,000 760,000 762,000 764,000 766,000 σA yetI yetI yezD σK σD σA yesS rhgT yesU yesV yesW yesX : polysaccharide lyase yesY rhgZ : beta-galacturonidase yetA : putative enzyme lplA lplB lplC lplD yetF hmoA yetH yetJ yetK yetL yetM yetN yetO : bifunctional P-450/NADPH-P450 reductase 1 ltaSA spsN spsO spsP spsQ spsR yfnC yfnB yfnA yfmT yfmS yfmR yfmQ yfmP yfmO yfmM yfmL yfmK yfmJ yfmI yfmG 768,000 770,000 772,000 774,000 776,000 778,000 780,000 782,000 784,000 786,000 788,000 790,000 792,000 794,000 796,000 798,000 800,000 802,000 804,000 806,000 808,000 810,000 812,000 814,000 816,000 818,000 820,000 σA σA σA σA σB yfkS σA σB σG yfmG yfmF yfmE yfmD yfmC yfmB yflT pel : pectate lyase yflS citS citT yflP citM yflN nosA yflL yflK yflH mapB nagP ltaSB yflB yflA yfkT yfkR yfkQ treP treA treR hypO yfkN yfkM yfkL yfkJ yfkI yfkH yfkF chaA yfkD yfkC yfkA pdaA yfjR yfjQ yfjP yfjO yfzA 822,000 824,000 826,000 828,000 830,000 832,000 834,000 836,000 838,000 840,000 842,000 844,000 846,000 848,000 850,000 852,000 854,000 856,000 858,000 860,000 862,000 864,000 866,000 868,000 870,000 872,000 874,000 σL σA yfhD σG σB dusC yfjM yfjL acoA acoB acoC acoL acoR yfjF yfjE yfjD yfjC yfjB