20 - 12 - TR CERL ERDC/ ERDC-CERL Participation in the Resilient Home Program: 2009–2012 Thomas R. Napier September 2012 Construction Engineering Construction Laboratory Research Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. ERDC/CERL TR-12-20 September 2012 ERDC-CERL Participation in the Resilient Home Program: 2009–2012 Thomas R. Napier Construction Engineering Research Laboratory U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center 2902 Newmark Drive PO Box 9005 Champaign, IL 61826-9005 Final report Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Prepared for Southeast Region Research Initiative National Security Directorate PO Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6262 Under CRADA 12-CERL-02 ERDC/CERL TR-12-20 ii Abstract On a national scale, less attention has been devoted to preparing for and rebuilding after a disaster than perhaps should have been, especially in light of recent events. In the first decade of the 21st century, large-scale disasters such as 9/11 and the Gulf Coast and Atlantic Coast hurricane sea- sons created a new awareness of the potential for loss, both within the public and within government agencies. The Resilient Home Program (RHP) was funded by the Department of Homeland Security-sponsored Southeast Region Research Initiative at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The program’s goals are to develop resources to help assess a community’s condition during and after a disaster and to help communities respond in a timely manner to rebuild or to prevent or reduce the impacts of subsequent disasters. The U.S. Army Engineer Re- search and Development Center–Construction Engineering Research La- boratory (ERDC-CERL) is a participant in RHP and was asked to apply its capabilities in the building sciences and technologies, construction eco- nomics, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers emergency management to ac- complish the RHP objectives. As part of this work, ERDC-CERL developed a methodology by which building systems, components, and materials could be evaluated for resilience performance. This report covers ERDC- CERL’s participation in the RHP from 2009–2012. ERDC/CERL TR-12-20 iii Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................... ii Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................................ vi Preface ......................................................................................................................................................... viii Unit Conversion Factors ............................................................................................................................. ix 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objective ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Approach ........................................................................................................................ 3 2 Resilient Home Program ..................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Community and home resilience .................................................................................. 4 2.2 Resilient Home Program goals ..................................................................................... 5 3 Gap Analysis and State-of-the-Art Survey ........................................................................................ 7 3.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Survey findings .............................................................................................................. 8 3.3 State-of-the-art data ...................................................................................................... 9 3.3.1 Example: Temporary roof repair after wind damage .............................................. 10 3.3.2 Example: Window protection when repairing damage from high wind .................. 11 3.3.3 Example: Replacing foundations when rebuilding .................................................. 12 3.3.4 Example: Protecting wells from contamination ....................................................... 13 3.3.5 Example: Replacing wall insulation ......................................................................... 13 3.3.6 Example: Restoring interior gypsum wallboard ....................................................... 14 3.3.7 Example: Repairing HVAC systems .......................................................................... 15 3.3.8 Example: Protecting HVAC systems ......................................................................... 15 3.3.9 Example: Demolishing heavily damaged buildings ................................................. 16 3.3.10 Example: Sustainability issues for flooring .............................................................. 17 3.3.11 Example: Radiant barrier .......................................................................................... 18 3.3.12 Example: HVAC systems replacement ..................................................................... 19 3.3.13 Example: Reducing waste ........................................................................................ 19 3.3.14 Example: Replacing a deck ...................................................................................... 20 3.3.15 Example: Sustainability issues for flooring .............................................................. 21 3.3.16 Example: Mold detection .......................................................................................... 22 3.3.17 Example: Lead detection .......................................................................................... 23 3.3.18 Example: Detection of combustible gasses ............................................................. 23 3.3.19 Example: Detection of combustible gasses ............................................................. 24 3.3.20 Example: Detection of waterborne contaminates ................................................... 25 4 Retrofit Technologies Evaluation ..................................................................................................... 26 ERDC/CERL TR-12-20 iv 4.1 General ........................................................................................................................ 26 4.2 Selecting technologies for evaluation ........................................................................ 29 4.2.1 Example: Hurricane clips / straps ............................................................................ 32 4.2.2 Example: Storm- resistant windows ......................................................................... 35 4.2.3 Example: HVAC placement ....................................................................................... 37 4.3 Retrofit technologies technical evaluation, a prototype ............................................ 41 4.4 ERDC-CERL’s redirection ............................................................................................. 44 4.5 Insurance industry data .............................................................................................. 45 4.5.1 Features contributing to loss .................................................................................... 46 4.5.2 Application of models: HurLoss ................................................................................ 47 4.5.3 Loss-relativity data .................................................................................................... 48 4.5.4 Contribution of building components to building loss............................................. 48 4.5.5 Additional loss-relativity data ................................................................................... 49 4.5.6 Building code comparisons ...................................................................................... 52 5 The Resilient Scoring Utility .............................................................................................................. 57 5.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 57 5.2 ERDC-CERL input to ReScU development .................................................................. 59 5.2.1 Example: Foundation design, continuous footing and wall .................................... 62 5.2.2 Example: Foundation height, continuous footing and wall ..................................... 62 5.2.3 Example: Structural systems, continuous load path ............................................... 63 5.2.4 Example: Structural systems, gable ends ................................................................ 64 5.2.5 Example: Roofing systems, sheathing ..................................................................... 64 5.2.6 Example: Roofing systems, fastening ...................................................................... 65 5.2.7 Example: Wall system, sheathing............................................................................