World Water Speed Records in the Wake of Bell & Baldwin Martin Grimm International Hydrofoil Society Baddeck, Nova Scotia, 9-11 September 2019 Outline • Prior to Bell and Baldwin • Bell & Baldwin • 1920’s and 1930’s • 1950’s and 1960’s • 1970’s and 1980’s, Spirit of Australia • Spirit of Australia 2 and other challengers Outline • Prior to Bell and Baldwin • Bell & Baldwin • 1920’s and 1930’s • 1950’s and 1960’s • 1970’s and 1980’s, Spirit of Australia • Spirit of Australia 2 and other challengers John Thorneycroft Co • 14 Apr 1874 knots 300 • Sir Arthur Cotton • Master: LtCol Felix Thackery Haig 250 • Displacement, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 39.6 km/h “A FAST STEAM YACHT” South Australian 150 21.4 knots Register , Mon 15 Jan 1877 • Power: Reciprocating Steam …The Gitana is …of similar lines to the Sir 100 Arthur Cotton, built. by Messrs. Thornycroft ??? hp & Co. for the Indian Government, and which, 50 without rigging or cabin accommodation of ??? kW any kind, attained a speed 24.64 miles per hour on the measured mile. 0 • Mass: ??? Source: Trove, National Library of Australia 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Nathanael Herreshoff • 1885 knots 300 • Stiletto 250 • Designer: Nathanael Herreshoff Nathanael Herreshoff • Displacement, Marine Prop & Stiletto 200 • Speed: 43.2 km/h via Wikipedia 150 23.3 knots • Power: ??? 100 450 hp 50 336 kW 0 • Mass: ??? 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 John Thorneycroft Co • 1887 knots 300 • Ariete • Master: - 250 • Displacement, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 48.3 km/h 150 26.1 knots • Power: Reciprocating Steam 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ships_built_at_John_I._Thornycroft... 0 • Mass: ??? 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 William Gardner & Charles Mosher • 25 Aug 1893 knots 300 • Feiseen • Master: TBA 250 • Displacement, Marine Props 200 • Speed: 50.9 km/h 150 27.5 knots • Power: Reciprocating Steam 100 600 hp 50 Feiseen, built 1893 by Benjamin Franklin Wood, design of 447 kW William Gardner & Charles Dell, NY. Owned by William B. 0 • Mass: ??? Cogswell of Saracuse, NY. Commissioned to beat the yachts Norwood and Vamoose and set a new world speed record. 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 John Thorneycroft Co • ~1895 knots 300 • HMS Boxer • Master: - 250 • Displacement, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 54.3 km/h 150 29.3 knots • Power: Triple Expansion Steam 100 8400 hp 50 6200 kW 0 HMS Buiser, similar to HMS Boxer Imperial War Museum • Mass: 301 tons 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Charles Algernon Parsons • 27 Jun 1893 knots 300 • Turbina • Master: Charles Parsons 250 • Displacement, Marine Props 200 • Speed: 72.5 km/h 150 39.2 knots • Power: Steam Turbine 100 7000 hp ??? 50 5220 kW ??? 0 • Mass: 44.5 tons Turbinia at speed Alfred John West photo 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Clinton Crane • 1910 knots Clinton Crane 300 • Dixie IV (designer) • Pilot: Fred Burnham via Hydroplane History website 250 • Displacement, Marine Props 200 • Speed: 75.6 km/h 150 40.8 knots • Power: Twin V8 gasoline 100 ? hp 50 ? kW 0 • Mass: ??? Dixie IV, 1910 via Hydroplane History website 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Outline • Prior to Bell and Baldwin • Bell & Baldwin • 1920’s and 1930’s • 1950’s and 1960’s • 1970’s and 1980’s, Spirit of Australia • Spirit of Australia 2 and other challengers Bell and Baldwin • 9 Sept 1919 knots 300 • Hydrodome HD-4 • Driver: Casey Baldwin 250 • Hydrofoil, Air Props 200 • Speed: 114.0 km/h 150 61.6 knots • Power: 2 x Liberty V12 100 700 hp 50 522 kW 0 Mass: ??? • Text 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Outline • Prior to Bell and Baldwin • Bell & Baldwin • 1920’s and 1930’s • 1950’s and 1960’s • 1970’s and 1980’s, Spirit of Australia • Spirit of Australia 2 and other challengers Gar Wood • 15 Sep 1920 knots 300 • Miss America • Driver: Gar Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 120.5 km/h 150 65.1 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 • Mass: ??? Gar Wood 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Gar Wood • 6 Sep 1921 knots 300 • Miss America II • Driver: Gar Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 129.7 km/h 150 70.0 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 Mass: ??? • Text 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Enlarge Jules Fisher • 10 Nov 1924 knots 300 • Farman Hydroglider • Driver: Jules Fischer 250 • Hydroplane, Air Prop 200 • Speed: 140.6 km/h 150 75.9 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 • Mass: ??? Fischer testing Farman hydroglider on River Seine between Sartrouville & Maisons-Laffitte. www.alamy.com 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 George Wood • 4 Sep 1928 knots 300 • Miss America II • Driver: George Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 149.4 km/h 150 80.7 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 Mass: ??? • Miss America II in advertisement 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Gar Wood • 23 Mar 1929 knots 300 • Miss America VII • Driver: Gar Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 149.9 km/h 150 80.9 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 Mass: ??? • Replica of Miss America VII 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Henry Segrave • 13 June 1930 knots 300 • Miss England II • Driver: Henry Segrave & 250 Victor Halliwell. Michael Willcocks 200 • Speed: 158.9 km/h 150 85.8 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 Mass: ??? • Segrave in 1929. Bundesarchiv via Wikipedia 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Gar Wood • 20 Mar 1931 knots 300 • Miss America IX • Driver: Gar Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 164.6 km/h 150 88.9 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 • Mass: ??? Miss America IX in 1930 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Kaye Don • 15 Apr 1931 knots 300 • Miss England II • Driver: Kaye Ernest Donsky 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 166.6 km/h Models of Miss England II & Miss England III (behind) at 150 89.9 knots Science Museum, London • Power: TBA via Wikipedia 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 • Mass: ??? Kaye Don in 1933 via Wikipedia 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Kaye Don • 31 Jul 1931 knots 300 • Miss England II • Driver: Kaye Donsky 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 177.4 km/h 150 95.8 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW Kaye Don in Miss England II & Gar Wood in Miss America IX, 0 • Mass: ??? 1931 Harmsworth Trophy 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Gar Wood • 5 Feb 1932 knots 300 • Miss America IX • Driver: Gar Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 179.8 km/h 150 97.1 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 Mass: ??? • Miss America IX replica or restoration? via acbs.org 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Kaye Don • 18 Jul 1932 knots 300 • Miss England III Rolls-Royce R • Driver: Kaye Donsky Nimbus227 via Wiki 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 192.8 km/h 150 104.1 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 20,000 spectators look on as Kaye Don and crew achieve further speed records at Loch Lomond in July 1932 with Miss 0 • Mass: ??? England III Bibliothèque Nationale de France via Wikipedia 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Kaye Don • 18 Jul 1932 knots 300 • Miss England III • Driver: Kaye Donsky 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 192.8 km/h 150 104.1 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 Mass: ??? • Miss England III press photo via internet 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Gar Wood • 20 Sep 1932 knots 300 • Miss America X • Driver: Gar Wood 250 • Planing, Marine Prop(s) 200 • Speed: 200.9 km/h 150 108.5 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW 0 • Mass: ??? 7000 hp Packard installation in Miss America X bangshift.com 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Malcolm Campbell • 1 Sep 1937 knots 300 • Blue Bird K3 • Driver: Malcolm Campbell 250 • Planing, Marine Prop 200 • Speed: 203.3 km/h 150 109.8 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW Sir Malcolm Campbell 0 • Mass: ??? Richard LeSesne via Wikipedia 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Malcolm Campbell • 2 Sep 1937 knots 300 • Blue Bird K3 • Driver: Malcolm Campbell 250 • Planing, Marine Prop 200 • Speed: 208.4km/h 150 112.5 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW Campbell and the K3 in Italy, 1937 via Wikipedia 0 • Mass: ??? 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Malcolm Campbell • 17 Aug 1938 knots 300 • Blue Bird K3 • Driver: Malcolm Campbell 250 • Planing, Marine Prop 200 • Speed: 210.7 km/h 150 113.8 knots • Power: TBA 100 ??? hp 50 ??? kW Blue Bird K3, Foulkes Halbard collection, UK 0 • Mass: ??? restoration from 1989.