Volume 11, July 2012 History of Enrichment in the ILAR Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals • Drivers for Enrichment in Directive 2010/63/EU • Using Enrichment to Improve Welfare & Reduce Suffering • Tailoring Enrichment to GA Mice • Enrichment and Cephalopods • Evaluating Enrichment is Essential • Reporting Enrichment in Research Papers Volume 12, July 2012 THE Publisher:Global Research Education and Training, LLC Email: [email protected] RECORD Website: http://enrichmentrecord.com A GLOBAL VIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT 4 SPRING 2010 | ENRICHMENTRECORD.COM www.vetbiotech.com IN THIS ISSUE SUMMER 2012 THE RECORD 2 In Other Words Call for Proposals 5 EDITORIAL BOARD Tim Allen, M.S. 7 Animal Welfare Information Center Upcoming Meetings Genevieve Andrews-Kelly, B.S., LATG Huntingdon Life Sciences History of Enrichment in the ILAR 10 Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals Elizabeth Dodemaide, B.V.Sc., M.A., MACVSc Associate Director, Laboratory Animal Services Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Drivers for Enrichment in Directive 2010/63/EU 13 Karen Froberg-Fejko, V.M.D., President, Bio-Serv Joanne Gere, Founder, BioScience Collaborative Using Enrichment to Improve Welfare & Reduce Suffering 16 G. Scott Lett, Ph.D., CEO, The BioAnalytics Group LLC Jayne Mackta Tailoring Enrichment in GA Mice 20 President & CEO, Global Research Education & Training LLC Emily G. Patterson-Kane, Ph.D. Enrichment and Cephalopods 24 American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Animal Welfare Division 29 Kathleen L. Smiler, D.V.M., DACLAM Evaluating Enrichment is Essential Consultant, Laboratory Animal Medicine Rhoda Weiner, Weiner & Associates Resources 33 Joanne Zurlo, Ph.D. Director of Science Strategy The Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) Reporting Enrichment in Research Papers 34 Please direct all inquiries to Enriching Profile 36 Rhoda Weiner, Editor: [email protected] 38 We’d loVE TO HEAR FROM YOU! Meeting up We welcome your comments, observations and contributions to The Enrichment Record. Contributors include lab animal veterinarians, principal investigators, animal care staff, animal behaviorists, animal technologists and members of the bioscience community who promote the 4 Rs: reduction, replacement, refinement and respect. Share your story ideas with Rhoda Weiner, Editor at [email protected] Guidelines for authors can be accessed at http://enrichmentrecord.com/contribute/ Please give credit where credit is due. Outstanding animal care is truly a team effort, and we ask you to credit colleagues, published reports, articles, and other reference materials that have contributed to your enrichment article. Great ideas don’t happen in a vacuum, and we encourage you to list all sources of inspiration. The Enrichment Record is not a peer-reviewed journal. However, the Editorial Board of this E-Zine is composed of dedicated volunteers who have extensive experience and expertise in the care of laboratory animals. Members of the Board are involved with all aspects of this publication. The Enrichment Record is published in October, January, April and July. If you are interested in advertising in The Enrichment Record, please visit: http://enrichmentrecord.com/advertise/ Publisher: GR8 (Global Research Education & Training, LLC) http://enrichmentrecord.com Jayne Mackta, President & CEO SUMMER 2012 | THE ENRICHMENT RECORD 1 In Other Words Penny Hawkins The Enrichment Record Research Animals Department is a quarterly E-Zine/Forum for: RSPCA, UK • Discussing environmental enrichment in the optimal care of laboratory animals • Documenting best practices and approaches for addressing challenges of implementation & assessment at every level • Sharing data on the impact of environmental enrichment on the science • Building the case for integrating enrichment into research design If you are interested in advertising in The Enrichment Record, please visit: http://enrichmentrecord. com/advertise/ or contact GUEST EDITOR Jayne Mackta, Publisher: I’ve been an avid reader and collector of The Enrichment Record [email protected] from the first issue, and I was delighted when Jayne asked me to be the first guest editor. When it comes to promoting enrichment, ADvERTISInG DEADLInES I get very frustrated by the lack of awareness within the general January Issue—December 1 scientific community of the growing body of literature on enrichment April Issue—March 1 evaluation—and also by the way in which information about housing July Issue—June 1 and care is often regarded as irrelevant, with nowhere near enough October Issue—September 1 exchange of ideas or mention in publications. ADvERTISInG RATES But attitudes and awareness are both changing for the better, and Single Issue The Enrichment Record does a fantastic job of helping to get the 1/4 page $350 message out there in a way that is accessible to all. I want to use this 1/2 page $500 issue to take the opportunity of having a look at some current issues Full page $1,000 and ‘seizing the day’ with respect to promoting enrichment. This was prompted by the revision of two major documents that 4 Issues influence the way in which millions of laboratory animals are housed 1/4 page $1,120 and cared for globally; the new European Union (EU) Directive 1/2 page $1,600 (2010/63/EU) and the US Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources Full page $3,200 (ILAR) Guide, which were published in 2010 and 2011 respectively. Both of these include increased emphasis on providing enrichment that The Enrichment Record is species-appropriate and reflects current knowledge, as explained in is an 8.5” x 11” format. the articles by Axel Kornerup Hansen and Dorte Bratbo Sørensen, of the University of Copenhagen, and by the Global Enrichment Committee at Full color; 300 dpi pdfs accepted. Abbott Laboratories, Illinois. Visit out website— The revisions of the Directive and Guide should prompt facilities browse past issues: to review their provision of enrichment for all species, and reflect on http://enrichmentrecord.com what they currently provide and how this might be improved upon, and I believe that many will do just that. However, there has been a disappointing backlash from some organisations, which have objected 2 SUMMER 2012 | THE ENRICHMENT RECORD on the grounds that providing be tailored to different GA mouse I’ve really enjoyed my temporary enrichment costs money and they lines with individual needs. Our editorship and I would like to thank are not convinced of the welfare other animal-specific article is on all of the authors for agreeing so benefits. My overall impression, on enrichment for cephalopods, whose readily to write for this edition and the basis of my involvement in the use will be regulated EU-wide for making it such a useful and revision of the Directive and the for the first time when the new thought-provoking read. We hope high level of liaison that my organ- Directive is implemented on you enjoy it! isation has with working scientists 1 January 2013. Jennifer Mather, and animal technologists and care of the University of Lethbridge, staff, is that most people do take explains how to give cephalopods the view that enrichment benefits a good quality of life. Penny Hawkins Hawkins animals and that this is worth in- Research Animals Department, RSPCA, UK Finally—and to come full circle to vesting in. the beginning of this editorial— However, many assumptions are it’s high time that information about enrichment was fully recognised made about the impact of Penny Hawkins, BSc., Ph.D., as an essential component of the enrichment on both welfare and The Enrichment Record’s first materials and methods section science, and it is of course essen- guest editor is Deputy Head of the of papers, posters and talks. My tial to evaluate these, as discussed Research Animals Department in RSPCA colleague Nikki Osborne in the article by Gilly Griffin of the the Science Group of The Royal gives us a snapshot of the status Canadian Council on Animal Care. Society for the Prevention of Cruelty quo and outlines what improve- Whether providing enrichment can to Animals (RSPCA)—the UK’s ments are needed to achieve better actually help to reduce suffering leading animal welfare nonprofit information sharing for all. experienced by animals undergoing organization. She works to promote procedures is also worth some The articles in this edition of refinements to improve animal serious consideration, and is a The Enrichment Record have housing and care—especially rodents highly topical question in relation to come from people working in a wide and birds—and to assess the welfare the focus on the animal’s lifetime range of different countries and of laboratory animals. Other key experience in the new EU Directive. contexts. All support the principle areas include refining procedures Christina Winnicker and Brianna that carefully considered and to reduce suffering, animal use in Gaskill of Charles River have appropriate enrichment promotes fundamental (basic biology) research, examined this issue for us. better welfare and therefore better and the ethics of animal experi- mentation. She is a member of the Another topical subject included science—and their articles illustrate Animal Procedures Committee (APC), in this edition is enrichment for that this is sufficiently important to the body that advises the secretary genetically altered (GA) mice, be translated into legislation and of state on the implementation of the which is of major importance in regulatory guidelines. Yet adequate UK Animals (Scientific Procedures) relation to laboratory animal enrichment is still not universally Act 1986. Penny has also been welfare because of the sheer applied. There are likely to be a involved in the revision of the number of animals involved— number of reasons, and thus no European guidelines for laboratory which is still increasing globally one way to tackle this problem— animal husbandry, and the year-on-year1. Anne Fawcett of the a combination of legislation, development of the new regulations University of Sydney, New South advocacy and communication is on animal use for EU Directive Wales, explains how enrichment can likely to be required.