Index Note: Page numbers in italics refer to figures. Page numbers in bold refer to tables. Abel, Clarke 289 antecedent drainage 246, 263, basalt dates 267 Abich, Otto Hermann Wilhelm 81, 268, 270 David’s work 247–248 102, 104 Antevs, Ernst Valdemar 64 diatremes 268 accelerator mass spectrometry Anthill, H. J. 198 map 261 (AMS) dating 69 anticyclonic swirl 231 reversal of drainage ‘Adam trilobite’ 171 Antisell, Thomas 56 252–253, 262, Adhe´mar, Joseph 7 Arctic ice sheet 98 263, 271 Adkin, George Leslie 318 Arctica islandica 7 sundry contributions early life 317–318 Arduino, Giovanni 7 252–253 Horowhenua coast studies artesian water 60 Taylor’s work 251–253 324–326 artifacts (human) 52 geological setting 242–246 Tararua Range studies 318–323 Asiatic elephant 182 influence of W. M. Davis’s aerial photography 303 a˚s/a˚sar see eskers ideas Agassiz, Jean Louis Rodolphe Association of American maps 244, 245, 254 early career 21, 56, 249 Geographers 2 structural setting 246–247 land-ice theory 7, 22, 79, 81, 82, astronomical theory 7 Sydneyside scenery 87, 118, 119, 131, 163 Aurignac, Grotto de 20 recent interpretations palaeontology work 80 Australia 263–273 Akkem Glaciation 94 Cenozoic history Taylor’s work 260–263 Alden, W. C. 37, 39 1837 geological review Tamala Limestone vii, 283, 284, Alkali Lake (USA) 60, 65 200–202 286 Allison, Ira S. 40, 44 Ami Boue´ map 206 cementation studies 284–285 alluvium 6 desert studies 202–203 concretion studies 285–286 Alps 87, 163–164 erosion rates 190 early research 279 Alvord Lake (USA) 60, 65 European visiting scientists living fossils 291 Amargosa River (USA) 60, 191–192 modern research 280–282 63,66 Great Barrier Reef 195–198 rhizoliths 286–290 amber 135 ice age evidence 203 sea-level change data Amboy, Lake (USA) 60, 64 inland observations 198–200 290–291 America Jules Grange map 207 stratigraphic setting 282–284 pluvial lakes of Pleistocene Lapstone shoreline 198 American West 52, 53 pioneer landscape studies Bailey, Edwards 40 history of research 190–191 Bailly, Charles 279, 285, 289, 290 pioneer mapping 52–57 sea-level change 190, Baker, Victor R. 46 1850–1920 57–63 192–194 Baltic Ice Sheet 91 1920–1955 63–66 south coast mapping Baltic States 1955–1980 66–68 194–195 geomorphology 136 post-1980 68–72 vertebrate palaeontology map 130 summary 72–73 205–208 Quaternary studies 129, 137, 138 Spokane Flood volcanism 203–205 pre 1914 129–133 AAAS meeting on 44 desert dunes 1914–1939 133–134 alternative hypotheses climatic setting 215–218 1940–1990 134 40–42, 43 dune chronology 234–236 post-1990 134–138 Bretz’s hypothesis 34–37 dune patterns 231–232 Bashkatau Glaciation 94 efforts to resolve theories early exploration 218–219 Basin and Range Province (USA) 52 44–47 Madigan’s work 219–223 Basin Surface (China) 176 great debate 37–40 palaeodunefields 232–234 Baudin, Nicolas 279, 282 implications of various post-war research 223–226 Baulig, Henri 4, 34, 306 attitudes 47–48 regional surveys 10Be dating 84 map of area 38 Blackstone Range 231 Beaumont, Le´once E´ lie de 22, 200 Spokane Glaciation 37 Central 226–230 Beckwith, Edward 56, 57 Andrews, Ernest C. 248 Great Sandy Desert 231 Beitai Surface (China) 171, 172–173 early career 190, 248–251 Salinaland 231 Beloussov, V. V. 96 Great Barrier Reef work 197 Sydney area river system Belovezha Interglacial 94 influence of Davis’ ideas 249, development Benson, Noel 295 250, 251, 252, 266, Blue Mountains Berezina (Oka) Glaciation 91, 92, 94 269, 273 geomorphology berg till 83 Animas Lake (USA) 65 Andrews’ work 248–251 Bernhardi, Reinhard 79, 119, 163 330 INDEX Bezengi Glaciation 94, 108, 109, 110 14C dating 67 Columbia River (USA) 33–34, 36 Biber Glaciation 94 Cˇ epulye˙, Valerija 150 AAAS meeting 44 Bilderdijk, Willem 161 early life 149 alternative hypotheses 40 Blackstone Range 231, 232 work on Lithuanian stratigraphy Bretz’s early studies 34–37 Blackwelder, Elliot 64 150–157 Bretz’s later studies 44–47 Blake, Thomas Phipps 56 Cadiz Lake (USA) 60 Great Debate 39 Bloch, Marc 28 calcrete dating 235 concretions, early researches block mountains 299 campsites 52 285–287 Blue Mountains (Australia) 244, Camus Prairie Basin (USA) 44, 45 Condon, Thomas 34 245, 246 Canning Basin (Australia) 231 Conrad, Timothy 82 geomorphology can˜on cycle 249 continental glaciation theories in Andrews’ work 248–251 Carne, Joseph Edward 249 Europe David’s work 247–248 Carson, Kit 56 advances debated 82–84 other contributions 250–251 Carstensz, Jan 191 early workers 79 Taylor’s work 251–253 Catlow Lake (USA) 60, 65 Estonian work 79–80 reversal of drainage 252–253, Caucasus Finnish work 81 262, 263, 271 glaciation 101–102 German work 81 structure 246–247 Abich’s researches 102–105 Netherlands work topography 261 20th century researches Russian work 81–82 Blue Mountains Plain (Australia) 249 105–108 Swiss work 83, 85, 163–164 bog ore 138 chronology 109–113 corals, early work on 287–288 Bonneville, Benjamin 56 cementation, early researches Cordilleran Ice Sheet 53 Bonneville, Lake (USA) 42, 52, 54, 284–285 Costin, A. 203 59, 65,72 Chamberlin, Thomas C. 7, 34, 83 Cotta, Carl Bernhard von 21 dating 67, 68, 72 Chambers’ Pillar (Australia) 202, 203 Cotton, Sir Charles Andrew 296 pioneer mapping 58, 61, 64 Chambers, Robert 27 early years 295–296 Boon Mesch, Hendrik Karel Channeled Scablands (USA) landform sketches 298, 300, 301, van der 162 AAAS meeting on 44 302, 303, 308, 309 borax 63 alternative hypotheses 40–42, 43 New Zealand work 318, 320, 322, Boso Peninsula (Japan) 180, 182, Bretz’s study 34–37 325, 326 184, 185, 186 efforts to resolve theories 44–47 publications 309–313 Bothriembryon onslowi 291 Great Debate 37–40 researches on cycles of erosion Boue´, Ami 22, 206 Charpentier, Jean de 7, 21, 22, 303–306 Brandenburgian Stage 144 87, 118 retirement and honours 306–309 Brauns, David 181 Charpentier, Johann Georg von 79 university years Breda, Jacob van 165 Chegem Glaciation 94, 106, 107, 109 early 3, 296–301 Bretz, J Harlen 33, 46 Chekalin interglacial 135 late 301–303 on flooding hypothesis 34–37 Cherepet interglacial 135 coulees see Grand Coulee role in Great Debate 37–40 Chewaucan Lake (USA) 60, 65,69 Cox’s River (Australia) 245, 246, effect of AAAS meeting 44 Chibit Glaciation 94 255, 258 effect on new fieldwork Chihuahuan Desert (USA) 66 Craft, F. A. 260 44–47 China Crakow (Elster) Glaciation 91, 94 implications of alternative planation surface research Crocker Dunefield 233, 235 hypotheses 172, 175 Croll, James 7, 57, 121, 166 40–42, 43 early work 171 Cui, Z. J. 172 long-term implications of 1910–1945 171–174 cuirasses 96 work 47–48 post-1945 174 Cumberland Plain (Australia) 245, on Washington State post cultural revolution 246, 251 landforms 33 174–176 Cunningham, Allan 198 Bridger, James 56 chlorine, concentration and dating 66 Cuvier, Georges 6, 208, 279, 285 Bristol Lake (USA) 60 Chmelewski, Czesław 132 cycles of climate change 166 Bronn, Heinrich Georg 20 Chuilla, Lake (USA) 65 cycles, geomorphological see under Brown, Robert 287–288 Chuja Glaciation 94 Davis, William Morris Browne, John 219 cirques 320 Cyprina islandica 7 Browne, V. C. 303 Clarence Valley (New Zealand) 299 Browne, William R. 190, 203, Clarke, Rev. W. B. 203, 247 Daintree, Richard 202 260, 265 climate change cycles 166 Dalinkevicˇius, Juozas 133, 134 Bru¨ckner, Eduard 28, 83 Clover Lake (USA) 65 Dampier, William 191–192, Brunnschweiler, Rudi 226 Cloverdale, Lake (USA) 60, 65 203, 279 Buch, Leopold von vii 22, 291 Cochise Lake (USA) 60, 65 Dana, James D. 41, 121, 197, 205 Buckland, William 20, 119, 161, Cohen, Ali 163 Danby, Lake (USA) 64 205, 208 Colorado, River (USA) 58, 60 Daniglacial 83–84, 144 Bute¯nai interglacial 135 Colson, E A. 219 Danube (Donau) Glaciation 87, 94 Buwalda, John Peter 63 Colster, Willem van 191 Darke, John Charles 218 INDEX 331 Darwin, Charles 192, 195, 198, 248, Dubois de Montpereaux, workers in Lithuania 289, 290 Frederik 130 142–143, 150–157 dating methods 5–6, 84, 234–235 Dubois, Euge`ne 164 workers in Finland 81 pluvial lakes 66–68 Dumitrashko, N. V. 105 workers in Germany 81 David, T. W. E. 197, 203 dunes see desert dunes workers in Netherlands Blue Mountains area research Duperrey, Louis 280, 282, 283, 159–164 247–248, 251, 260 289, 291 workers in Russia 81–82, teaching 190, 241 duricrust 265 87–96, 101–109, Davis, William Morris 47, 296, Dutton, Clarence Edward 2, 58 117–120 299, 318 Dzuki (Dnieper or Don) Glaciation workers in Scandinavia theory of cycles of erosion 2, 171, 91, 92, 94, 135 120–127 250, 252, 259, 273, 322 workers in Switzerland 83, De Luc, Jean 159, 160, 161 Early Katun Glaciation 94 85, 163–164 Death Valley (USA), palaeoclimate Early Waldai cool epoch 94 Quaternary glacial limits 93, record 70, 71, 72 earthquake of 1855 (New Zealand) 95,97 deglaciation, European studies 84 306 eustasy 4 Deluge (The Flood) 6, 20, Eastern California Lake Cascade Evans, George 198 83, 161 (USA) 62, 63 evaporites 63 D’Entresasteaux, Bruny 287 Eburon cool epoch 94 Eyre, Edward John 194–195, 204, denudation surface 299 Eemian interglacial 94, 135 218 Depuch, Louis 279, 282, 284, Eichwald, Karl Eduard 80, 130, 131 285, 290 El Barreal, Lake (USA) 68 Faluns de Touraine 19, 20 desert dunes of Australia El Fresnel, Lake (USA) 68 feedback loops, role in landscape 3 climatic setting 215–218 Elbrus Glaciation 94, 106, 107, 108 Fennoscandian ice centre 129 dune chronology 234–236 electron spin resonance (ESR) dating Finiglacial 84 dune patterns 231–232 84, 235 Finland, work on continental early exploration 218–219 elephant, Asiatic 182 glaciation 81 Madigan’s work 219–223 Elster (Crakow)