Title A REVISION OF THE JAPANESE EUMENIDAE (HYMENOPTERA, VESPOIDEA) Author(s) Yamane, Seiki Insecta matsumurana. New series : journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University, series entomology, 43, 1- Citation 189 Issue Date 1990-08 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9855 Type bulletin (article) File Information 43_p1-189.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP INSECTA MATSUMURANA NEW SERIES 43 AUGUST 1990 A REVISION OF THE JAPANESE EUMENIDAE (HYMENOPTERA, VESPOIDEA) By Sm::r YAMANE Abstract Yamane, Sk. 1990. A revision of the Japanese Eumenidae (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Ins. matsum. n. s. 43: 1-189, 7 tabs., 366 figs. The Japanese forms of Eumenidae are revised, and 54 species (77 forms in total) are recorded. The following five forms are described as new to science: Pararrhynchium oceanicum (Ogasawara Is.), P. o. miyanoi (Ogasawara Islands), 5ymmorphus carinatus (Shikoku), 5. iwatai (Honshu), and 5. tsushimanus (Tsushima Is.). New synonyms are: (5tenodynerus rufomaculatus kikaiensis Sk. Yamane) =5. rufomaculatus, (5. yambarah Sk. Yamane et Gusenleitner) =5. kusigematii, (Rhynchium haemorrhoidale samurayi Giordani Soika) =R. quinquecinctum fukaH, (Anterhynchium fIavomarginatum luctuosum Giordani Soika) =A. f. hanedai, (Ancistrocerus yamanei Giordani Soika) =A. oviventris, and (Eumenes samurayi rufescens Giordani Soika) =E. micado. Ancistrocerus parietinus is newly recorded from Japan and numerous new localities are presented for the known species. The original description of Euodynerus bicingulatus Giordani Soika well agrees with small specimens of male Anterhynchium flavomarginatum micado. The former is possibly a synonym of the latter. The eumenid fauna of Japan is characterized by many Palearctic, some Oriental and some endemic elements. But it lacks some of the genera widely distributed in the Palearctic region such as Pseudepipona, Antepipona, etc. On Sado-ga-shima and other islands located near the Japanese mainlands, the fauna is rather poor, with no endemic forms. Although the fauna is much poorer, the Izu Islands harbor one endemic form at subspecies level, 5tenodynerus tokyanus fIavoscutellatus. Of the 13 eumenid forms 50 far known from the Tsushima Islands, at least one is no doubt a Korean element (Eumenes punctatus), and two are apparently endemic (Anterhynchium flavomarginatum tsushimarum and 5ymmorphus tsushimanus). Two of the five species known to occur on the Ogasawara Islands are supposed to be native. Both are endemic and very peculiar in morphology and color pattern, and are each differentiated into two subspecies occurring in the Haha-jima and Chichi-jima group. The Ryukyu Eumenidae are composed of Palearctic, wide-ranging, endemic and Oriental elements. The Northern RyukyU5 are dominated by Palearctic and wide-ranging elements, the Central Ryukyus by wide-ranging and endemic elements, and the Southern Ryukyus by Oriental and wide­ ranging elements. The largest gap in species composition is found between Amami-oshima and Yaku-shima. Subspecies differentiation and regional convergence in color pattern among unrelated species are most remarkable in the Ryukyil. Islands. Author's address. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890 Japan. Part of a thesis submitted to the Hokkaido University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Agriculture, 1990. Contents I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................................. 4 IT. Materials and survey areas .................................................................................................................................... 5 ITI. Family Eumenidae (Potter wasps) ...................................................................................................................... 11 1. Taxonomy ......................................................................................................................................................... 11 2. Biology .............................................................................................................................................................. 13 3. Eumenids as natural enemies of pests ......................................................................................................... 14 IV. Characters and their conditions ............................................................................ ;............................................ 15 V. Taxonomy of the Japanese Eumenidae ................................................................................................................ 20 Key to the Japanese genera of Eumenidae ...................................................................................................... 20 Genus Discoelius Latreille ................................................................................................................................... 22 Genus Stenodynerus Saussure ........................................................................................................................... 25 Genus Allodynerus Bliithgen .............................................................................................................................. 41 Genus Euodynerus Dalla Torre .......................................................................................................................... 46 Genus Rhynchium Spinola .................................................................................................................................. 63 Genus Anterhynchium Saussure ......................................................................................................................... 69 Genus Okinawepipona Sk. Yamane ............................................................ :....................................................... 83 Genus Pararrhynchium Saussure ........................................................................................................................ 87 Genus Orancistrocerus Vecht .............................................................................................................................. 95 Genus Andstrocerus Wesmael ............................................................................................................................ 98 Genus Symmorphus Wesmael ........................................................................................................................... 113 Genus "Pachymenes" Saussure .......................................................................................................................... 135 Genus Oreumenes Bequaert .............................................................................................................................. 137 Genus Eumenes Latreille ................................................................................................................................... 140 Genus Dellll Saussure ........................................................................................................................................ 154 Genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika .................................................................................................................... 159 Genus Pseudozumia Saussure ........................................................................................................................... 162 VI. Distribution pattern of the Eumenidae in some insular regions .................................................................. 164 1. Sado-ga-shima ............................................................................................................................................... 165 2. Izu Islands ...................................................................................................................................................... 166 3. Tsushima Islands ........................................................................................................................................... 167 4. Ogasawara Islands ........................................................................................................................................ 168 5. Ryflkyfl Islands .............................................................................................................................................. 169 References .................................................................................................................................................................. 177 Appendix .................................................................................................................................................................... 185 Index ............................................................................................................................................................................ 186 I. INrROOUCI10N The Eumenidae are a large diplopterous family containing 177 extant genera (Carpenter, 1986) and more than 2000 species in the world. They are all predators, hunting lepidopterous or coleopterous larvae for their young (Iwata, 1971). They are principally solitary wasps, even when gathering around suitable nesting sites. Some species