STIG ALBECK GERMANY GRATIS REISEFÜHRER FÜR DEN URLAUB BOOKBOON.COM KEINE REGISTRIERUNG NOTWENDIG Download free books at BookBooN.com Germany © 2008 Stig Albeck & Ventus Publishing ApS Translation: Emmy Haraldsen All rights and copyright relating to the content of this book are the property of Ventus Publishing ApS, and/or its suppliers. Content from ths book, may not be reproduced in any shape or form without prior written permission from Ventus Publishing ApS. Quoting this book is allowed when clear references are made, in relation to reviews are allowed. ISBN 978-87-7061-326-2 1st edition Pictures and illustrations in this book are reproduced according to agreement with the following copyright owners: Dresden Werbung und Tourismus GmbH, Stig Albeck, Tourismus+Congress GmbH Frankfurt am Main, Per Kolding, Hamburg Tourismus, Lübeck und Travemünde, Tourist-Service GmbH, Kurverwaltung Helgoland, Bayerische Zugspitzbahn & München Tourist. The stated prices and opening hours are indicative and may have been subject to change after this book was published. Download free books at BookBooN.com Germany Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI Download free books at BookBooN.com 4 Germany A visit to Hamburg A visit to Hamburg www.hamburg-tourism.de www.germany-tourism.de Hamburg is with more than two million Hamburg is one of Central Europe’s major ports inhabitants the second largest city in Germany. It to the world. Commerce has for centuries taken is one of the most affluent cities in Europe, a place in the city, which today has enjoyable wealth created through centuries, since its time shopping streets and markets in the jovial as member of the Hanseatic League. German style. The city’s ultural life is also very exciting with a varied supply of, for example, Hamburg has grown as a seaport through the museums, and one can of course also take a trip years, and the maritime aspect is indeed still a through the colourful amusement quarter, St. significant element today, not least in the old Pauli. revitalised harbour areas and around the lovely Alster lakes. Have a pleasant journey! Download free books at BookBooN.com 5 Germany Historical outline Hamburg Bank in 1619. A number of Dutch Historical outline merchants also rushed to the city during a period of religious persecution in their home country, The history of Hamburg starts with the building which further strengthened Hamburg’s position. of the castle Hammaburg in 825 in the area Furthermore, the city established its own military between the Elbe and Alsteren. The castle was to protect the its merchant navy. destroyed and rebuilt many times during the following centuries; the Vikings were among From the late 1600s until 1768 there was fierce those who caused havoc in the area. competition between Hamburg and Danish Altona about commerce and shipping. The Hamburg became home to Ansgar, the Apostel conflict concluded with a political agreement in of the North. It was from here that he went to 1768, after which Hamburg experienced a new Scandinavia and christened the Vikings, for potential for growth. example in Denmark. In 1810 Napoleon annexed Hamburg to France, The rise in commerce did, however, bring about and this had a temporary impact on the a rapid change in Hamburg’s role, and with the development. The city was subjected to a foundation of Lübeck by the Baltic Sea, continental barrier which obstructed much of the Hamburg naturally became the port with access commerce, which in part was taken over by the to the North Sea. In 1189 Hamburg was neighbouring city, Altona (which today is a part officially established as a city on the initiative of a of Hamburg). It belonged to the Danish number of merchants, and already the following Kingdom and was therefore subject to other year Emperor Barbarossa granted the city a conditions. number of privileges, such as commercial rights and exemption from duty. With these rights, After Napoleon’s downfall in 1815, Hamburg Hamburg soon became the leading city within became part of the new German federation, and the Hanseatic League, which was established in in 1819 the city was established as an Lübeck and consisted primarily of the leading independent state, ‘The Free Hanseatic State of commercial towns along the coasts of the Baltic Hamburg’. Shortly after the city regained its and the North Sea. commercial foundation and thereby its flourishing economy; a position which was Hamburg was looking to expand, and further improved by all the new possible trade neighbouring land along the Elbe was acquired routes and partners in Africa, America and Asia. so that the important port and commerce there could be continuously advanced. The year 1842 brought about a setback for Hamburg. A great fire ravaged almost a third of Over the centuries Hamburg’s flourished the city, and even though it was quickly rebuilt, it economically, and while the power and was a costly affair. dominance of the Hanseatic League diminished, Hamburg continued its growth unabatedly by At the end of the1800s a new addition to the setting up its own economic infrastructure. The port, Speicherstadt, was opened. Today Hamburg stock exchange opened in 1558, and Download free books at BookBooN.com 6 Germany Historical outline Speicherstadt is an exciting new and alternative Today Hamburg is still an independent federal activity- and residential area. state in the republic, and is known as ‘The Free Hanseatic State of Hamburg’. Large warehouses and businesses were built to accommodate the constantly growing The citizens of Hamburg are well-off, and the international maritime trade. The city’s port is the predominant port in Germany - industrialisation also left its mark, and the city and among the largest in Europe. The city has established itself as the second largest in many educational institutions, and the cultural Germany (next to Berlin). scene is very active. The citizens are very international, which renders the city one of During the World Wars in the 1900s, and World Germany’s windows to the world. War 2 in particular, Hamburg was devastated by bombardments and the consequent fires, which left large parts of the centre in ruins. The vast port areas were almost completely destroyed, and the same applied to much of the city’s large industrial works. The ensuing rebuilding was rapid, but it still took more than 20 years to complete. Download free books at BookBooN.com 7 Germany Tour 1: Hamburg Tour 1: Hamburg Hamburg’s city hall, Rathaus, is with its imposing size the dominating building in the town centre. 1. Rathaus Rathaus is Hamburg’s fifth city hall. It was built of sandstone in 1886-1897. The city hall has 647 rooms and halls, among which are the chambers and offices of the local government. The large banquet hall is 46 metres long, 18 metres wide and 15 metres from floor to ceiling. The hall is adorned with five large paintings which depict the city’s history from 800 to 1900. There are also town arms from the 62 members of the Hanseatic League, of which Hamburg was one. The front of the building itself is 111 metres wide, and the heaven-aspiring tower is 112 metres high. The style is a fine mixture of Italian and North-German Renaissance. In the centre of the city hall is an inner yard where you can see the Hygieia-well which is made of bronze. Rathausmarkt Hygieia is synonymous with health, and the well U-Bahn: Rathaus was put up as symbol of a cholera epidemic in 1892. WHAt‘s missing in this equaTION? You could be one of our future talents Please click the advert MAERSK INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE PROGRAMME Are you about to graduate as an engineer or geoscientist? Or have you already graduated? If so, there may be an exciting future for you with A.P. Moller - Maersk. www.maersk.com/mitas Download free books at BookBooN.com 8 Germany Tour 1: Hamburg 2. St. Petri-Kirche There are various works of art in the church, such as a painting from 1460 which portrays Bishop Absalon of Bremen, also called the Apostle of the North. 3. Mönckebergstraße Mönckebergstraße U-Bahn: Mönckebergstraße The pedestrian street Mönckebergstraße is Hamburg’s well-known cosy shopping street with lots of shops, eateries and department stores. Depending on the season, there are also different markets, and the large Christmas market is especially pleasurable to visit. 4. St. Jacobi-Kirche Jacobikirchhof 22 U-Bahn: Mönckebergstraße St. Jacobi-Kirche was built primarily in the latter half of the 1300s, though it was periodically expanded until 1587-1590 when the tower was finished. Speersort 10 During World War 2, the church was greatly www.sankt-petri.de damaged, but fortunately the interior had been U-Bahn: Rathaus moved so that the inside of the church could be The construction of St. Petri-Kirche started in recreated. The appearance of the tower did, the 1100s, and it is Hamburg’s oldest parish however, change from what it looked like before church. The building of the church continued the destruction. over several centuries, and the 132 metres tall tower was finished in 1516. It is built on the In St. Jacobi-Kirche it is possible to admire the highest point in the old part of the city. The large Baroque organ from Arp Schnitger, which was fire in 1842 destroyed St. Petri-Kirche, but it was built in 1689. It is considered to be among the quickly rebuilt. finest organs in the world, and is still in use. One of the historical users of the organ is Johann You can get up quite high in the church tower, Sebastian Bach. Moreover, there are three alters, from which there is an excellent view of the city.