Călimani National Park Guide of Species and Habitats of Community and National Interest Introductory Note This guide is based on field data collected within the Improving the conservation status of species and habitats of community importance in the Călimani National Park project, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The species and habitats included are those listed in the standard form for the site ROSCI019 Călimani Gurghiu, as well as in the documentation provided when establishing the park. Other species and habitats of community interest were identified and added during the implementation of the above-mentioned project. A note was made in the case of species and habitats not identified during field trips. The guide is intended as support material for those who want to find out more about the lives of species of community interest from the Călimani National Park, and is not a taxonomic approach for identifying animal groups or plant communities. Enjoy its exploration and, do not forget, when visiting the Călimani National Park, to take with you only memorable experiences and pictures and, try not to leave anything else on the path but your Text: Elena Cenușă footprints. Contact: Administraţia Parcului Asociația Naţional Călimani R.A. Tășuleasa Social Principală Street, 54C We thank all those who contributed with pictures Liviu Rebreanu Street 727515 Șaru Dornei Nr. 46, Bistrița Suceava, Romania for this guide! Jud. Bistrița-Năsăud www.calimani.ro 9410 – Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels Table of Contents (Vaccinio-Piceetea) .................................................................................................28 NATURAL HABITATS OF COMMUNITY INTEREST .................................. 8 9420 – Alpine Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra forests ......................29 FRESH WATER HABITATS .........................................................................10 SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INTEREST .......................30 3220 – Alpine rivers and herbaceous vegetation along their banks .....10 3260 – Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion MOSS SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INTEREST .........32 fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation .............................................. 11 Dicranum viride (Sull. & Lesq.) Lindb. .............................................................32 Hematocaulis vernicosus (Mitt.) Hedenaeas .................................................32 MEADOWS AND SHRUBBERIES IN THE TEMPERATE ZONE ............ 11 Meesia longiseta Hedw. ........................................................................................32 4060 – Alpine and Boreal heaths .................................................................... 11 4070* – Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum (Mugo- PLANT SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INTEREST........33 Rhododendretum hirsuti) .................................................................................13 Marsilea quadrifolia L. (Four Leaf Clover) ......................................................33 4080 – Sub-Arctic Salix spp. scrub .................................................................. 14 Angelica palustris (Besser) Hoffm. (Marsh Angelica) .................................34 Campanula serrata (Kit.) Hendrych .................................................................34 NATURAL AND SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLANDS ................................... 15 Carex chordorrhiza L.f. ..........................................................................................35 6150 – Siliceous alpine and Boreal grasslands ........................................... 15 Cypripedium calceolus L. (Lady’s Slipper) ......................................................35 6170 – Alpine and subalpine calcareous grasslands ...............................16 Iris aphylla ssp. hungarica Hegi .........................................................................35 6230* – Species-Rich Nardus grasslands ...................................................... 17 Ligularia sibirica L. (Cass.) ....................................................................................36 6410 – Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden Polygonum alpinum All. (Alpine Knotweed) ................................................36 soils (Molinion caeruleae) ....................................................................................18 Tozzia alpina ssp. carpathica (Woll) Dostal ...................................................36 6430 – Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities of plains and of the Vaccinium uliginosum L. (Bog Bilberry) ..........................................................37 montane to alpine levels ....................................................................................18 6440 – Alluvial meadows of river valleys of the Cnidion dubii ............. 19 INSECT SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INTEREST .......38 6520 – Mountain hay meadows ...................................................................... 19 Carabus hampei Kuster ........................................................................................38 Carabus variolosus Fabricius (Ground Beetle) .............................................38 OLIGOTROPHIC BOGS, RAISED BOGS AND ALKALINE FENS .........20 Cerambyx cerdo L. (Great Capricorn Beetle) .................................................39 7110* – Active raised bogs ................................................................................20 Cucujus cinnaberinus Scop ..................................................................................39 7230 – Alkaline fens .............................................................................................21 Lucanus cervus L. (Stag Beetle) ..........................................................................40 7240* – Alpine pioneer formations of the Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae ...22 *Osmoderma eremita Scop. (Hermit Beetle) ................................................40 *Rosalia alpina L. (Rosalia Longicorn) .............................................................40 ROCKY AND CAVE HABITATS .....................................................................22 *Callimorpha quadripunctaria Poda (Jersey Tiger) .................................... 41 8220 – Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation ............22 Euphydryas maturna L. ........................................................................................42 Leptidea morsei Fenton (Fenton’s Wood White) .........................................43 FORESTS ............................................................................................................23 Lycaena dispar Haworth (Large Copper) .......................................................43 9110 – Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests ...........................................................23 *Nymphalis vaualbum Denis & Schiffermuller (Compton 9130 – Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests .......................................................24 Tortoiseshell).........................................................................................................44 9180* – Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines ...................25 Pholidoptera transsylvanica Fischer .................................................................45 91E0* – Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae) ...............................................25 FISH SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INTEREST ............46 91V0 – Dacian beech forests (Symphyto-Fagion) ......................................27 Barbus meridionalis Risso (Mediterranean Barbel) ....................................46 Cottus gobio L. (Bullhead) ...................................................................................46 Cottus poecilopus Heck. (Alpine Bullhead) ...................................................47 MAMMAL SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INTEREST ....74 Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan (Carpathian Lamprey) ............................48 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Schreb. (Greater Horseshoe Bat) ............. 74 Romanogobio uranoscopus Agassiz (Danube Gudgeon) ........................48 Vespertilio murinus L. (Particolored Bat) ........................................................ 74 Hucho hucho L. (Danube Salmon) ....................................................................48 Miniopterus schreibersi Kuhl (Schreibers’ Long-Fingered Bat) ..............75 Sabanejewia aurata Filippi (Golden Spined Loach) ..................................49 Nyctalus noctula Schreb. (Noctule Bat) ..........................................................76 Nyctalus lasiopterus Schreb. (Greater Noctule Bat) ...................................77 AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE SPECIES OF COMMUNITY AND Pipistrellus savii Bonap. (Savi’s Pipistrelle) .....................................................77 NATIONAL INTEREST .............................................................................................49 Eptesicus nilssonii Key. & Blas. (Northern Bat) ..............................................78 Triturus alpestris Laur. (Alpine Newt) ...............................................................49 Eptesicus serotinus Schreb. (Serotine Bat) .....................................................79 Triturus cristatus Laur. (Great Crested Newt) ................................................50 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Schreb. (Common Pipistrelle) ................................80