Answers: Belgium: The City Museum, Brussels, IK-01-14-783-EN-C has over 800 costumes for Manneken Pis. Bulgaria: The Balkan mountain range runs from Passport the border with Serbia 560 km eastwards to the Black Sea. to the Czech Republic: Robot. Denmark: The Emperor's New Clothes, The Little European Union Match Girl, The Snow Queen, The Little Mermaid, The Ugly Duckling, Thumbelina, The Princess and the Pea, etc. Germany: Bonn. Estonia: The Baltic Sea. Ireland: Dracula and Romania. Greece: Port of Piraeus: 30–40 km of docks, shipyards, anchorages and ports. Spain: The Niña, the Pinta and his flagship Santa Maria France: Jean Monnet is one of the people who started the European integration process. He and Robert Schuman initiated the idea of forming a European Coal and Steel Community. Croatia: Dalmatian. Italy: According to Roman mythology, the founders of Rome were the twin brothers Romulus and Remus. Cyprus: The goddess of love and beauty. Latvia: The Daugava. Lithuania: Lithuania joined the European Union in 2004. ISBN 978-92-79-40233-3 doi:10.2775/28995 <<< ! This is not a travel document! Photo credits Luxembourg: Gabriel Lippmann won the The famous people, dishes, buildings, sites, etc. in this Fox illustration: Atelier Wilinski, Mainz. 1908 Nobel Prize in Physics. booklet make no claim to be complete and are to some Hungary: Austria, Slovenia, Slovakia or Romania. Artmaster, P. J. Homan 2003, 2009, pages 19, 25, 29, 75 extent stereotyped; the format of the publication only allows (Croatia) Malta: The Maltese Falcon. for a small selection. Berlin Partner GmbH/FTB-Werbefotografie, pages 13, Netherlands: Klompen. Not all the languages mentioned in the booklet are official 75 (Germany) Austria: The Habsburg dynasty (Habsburg- languages of the European Union and there might be Broadway Tower Country Park Ltd, page 61 Lorraine). spoken languages which are not mentioned. Causeway Coast and Glens Regional Tourism Authority, Poland: Karol Joseph Wojtyla. Some Member States celebrate more than the one national page 67 Portugal: The sea route around Africa to India. day which is mentioned. C. J. J. Kwakman, 2004, page 43 Romania: People’s House. The exchange rates given are from March 2015. Digital Vision/Getty Images, pages 65, 77 (Spain), 79 (Sweden) Slovenia: 2007. Esen Alieva, page 7 Slovakia: Ďakujem! European Union, pages 15, 23, 31, 35, 37, 45, 47, 53, 57, 75 Finland: Estonian, both belong to the Finno-Ugric (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ireland), 77 (Cyprus, language family which also comprises Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary), Hungarian. More information on the European Union 79 (Poland, Romania, Slovakia) Sweden: Hennes and Mauritz, IKEA, is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Finlandia Hall/Eero Venhola, 2011, page 55 SAAB, etc. Imbi Väli, page 75 (Estonia) United Kingdom: Macbeth, Hamlet, Much Ado Luxembourg: Publications Oce of the European Union, 2015 K. J. Richardson, page 65 About Nothing, The Merchant of Venice, etc. Loredana Licsor, page 49 PRINT ISBN: 978-92-79-40233-3 doi:10.2775/28995 IK-01-14-783-EN-C England: Winston Churchill. MTA/Clive Vella, 2011, pages 39 and 77 (Malta) PDF ISBN: 978-92-79-40232-6 doi:10.2775/28885 IK-01-14-783-EN-N Scotland: James Bond, 007. Photodisc/Getty Images, pages 9, 11, 17, 21, 43, 59, 75 Wales: Sir Tom Jones, Dame Shirley Bassey, (Belgium), 77 (Greece, France, Italy), 79 (Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, United Kingdom) Katherine Jenkins, Bryn Terfel, Bonnie Tyler, © European Union, 2015 Stereophonics, Manic Street Preachers, PhotoSphere Images, pages 5, 27 Stereophonics, Manic Street Preachers, Charlotte Church, Cerys Matthews, Super Furry Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Veselina Angelova, page 33 Animals, etc. http://www.slovenia.info, photographer: D. Mladenovič, Printed in Luxembourg page 79 (Slovenia) Northern Ireland: Finn MacCool. http://www.slovenia.info, photographer: D. Wedam, page 51 PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER >>> Photo Surname First name Date of birth Sex Address Holder’s signature 1 United in diversity — The European Union In the last century, many European countries fought each other in two world wars and millions of people died. Europe’s economy was badly damaged and the map of Europe had to be redrawn as the borders of some countries changed. Two Frenchmen, Robert Schuman and Jean Monnet, put forward the idea that the two previous enemies, France and Germany, should in future work together in the production of coal and steel instead of using it to make weapons to fight each other. So, on 9 May 1950, Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister, proposed setting up a club called the ‘European Coal and Steel Community’. Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands were the first countries to join this club which was formed in 1952. It worked so well that, in 1957, these six countries decided to start another club, the ‘European Economic Community’, aimed at making laws and policies together to improve trade and support farmers. This method of cooperation was later extended to other areas where the club members felt that more could be achieved by working together than alone. The clubs were joined and are now called the ‘European Union’. Each Member State has a voice in this process and most of the decisions are made by both government ministers and the men and women elected by the people to sit in the European Parliament. The work of the club members was so successful that more and more countries in Europe wanted to join up. Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom decided to join the Communities in 1973. In 1981 Greece became a member, followed by Spain and Portugal in 1986. Austria, Finland and Sweden joined in 1995 and, in 2004, 2 10 countries joined at the same time — Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia. In 2007 Bulgaria and Romania were welcomed into the European Union, and Croatia joined in 2013. The European Union now has 28 Member States, and still more are interested in joining. The European Union is one big market place for all Member States, based on four freedoms: free movement of people allowing us to travel but also live, study or work abroad; free movement of goods allowing us to buy and sell products from/ to each other; free movement of services allowing us to share the skills and expertise we need from each other; free movement of capital allowing us to transfer or invest our money to/in other Member States. This is all very normal and taken for granted by young people who have never known anything different. Many adults also do not know that this freedom is a result of the work of the growing number of club members for more than 60 years, and means that many more things besides travelling have become easier through membership of the European Union. But what do we know about the Member States of the European Union? At first glance our booklet seems to show them in a random order, but if you look at the names in their own languages you will find that they are in fact arranged alphabetically. Hungary is known by another name in Hungarian and Germans call their country ‘Deutschland’. In the back of the booklet you will find stickers with coins, flags, buildings, etc. which you can either stick onto the empty fields inside of your passport or onto the map. Let’s take a tour of Europe and see what else you can find out about our neighbouring countries, and let’s not forget to have lots of fun. 3 Belgium België • Belgique • Belgien Fix right coin here! Capital: Brussels Surface area: 30 528 km² Population: 10.7 million Languages: Dutch, French and German National Day: 21 July Ascension of King Leopold I to the throne (1831) Hallo! Salut! 4 The Atomium: Built in 1958, the 102 m high monument represents a magnified iron crystal made of Fix nine atoms. Recently renovated right picture here! and opened to the public, the Atomium puts on interesting exhibitions, especially for children. Going up in the lift gives you some of the best views of Brussels. The Manneken Pis: Sculpted in 1619, this statue of a little man weeing into a fountain has become one of Belgium’s best-known monuments. He even has an extensive wardrobe of different costumes likely to make any woman jealous! Food: Belgium is famous for its moules-frites (mussels and chips), as well as its chocolate. Famous Belgians: Magritte (artist), Eddy Merckx (cyclist), Hergé (creator of Tintin) and the Smurfs. Find out: How many costumes does the Manneken Pis have to choose from? Bulgaria България Fix right coin here! Capital: Sofia Surface area: 110 993 km² Population: 7.5 million €1 = BGN 1.95580 Language: Bulgarian National Day: 3 March Anniversary of liberation from the Ottoman Empire (1878) Zdravei 6 Alexander Nevski Cathedral: This cathedral in Sofia is one of Fix the largest Eastern Orthodox right picture cathedrals in the world. It was here! built in the early 20th century to honour the soldiers who died in the 1877 war with Turkey. Rila National Park: This is the biggest national park in Bulgaria and is situated about 100 km south of Sofia. It is known for its numerous lakes and rivers. Many endangered wild animals, such as bears and wild swans, live here. The name Rila comes from the word roula meaning lots of water. Food: Banitza (cheese pastry), shopska salata (a white cheese, tomato and cucumber salad) and bob chorba (a bean and chilli soup). Famous Bulgarians: Julia Kristeva (philosopher), Christo Javacheff (artist), Dimitar Berbatov (football player). Find out: Which mountain range runs through the centre of Bulgaria? 7 Czech Republic Česká republika Fix right coin here! Capital: Prague Surface area: 78 864 km² Population: 10.5 million €1 = CZK 27.515 Language: Czech National Day: 28 October Commemorates becoming an independent state after World War I Ahoj! 8 Tyn Church: It dominates one side of the Old Town Square.