Pest species distribution by country. Notes on table: D = disease, I = insect, OP = other pest, Ind = indigenous, Int = introduced, N = naturally regenerating forests, P = planted forests, B = broadleaf, C = conifer, Arg = Argentina, Bel = Belize, Bra = Brazil, Chil = Chile, Chin = China, Col = Colombia, Cyp = Cyprus, Gha = Ghana, Hon = Honduras, Indi = India, Indo = Indonesia, Ken = Kenya, KR = Kyrgyz Republic, Mal = Malawi, Maur = Mauritius, Mex = Mexico, Mol = Moldova, Mon = Mongolia, Mor = Morocco, Rom = Romania, Rus = Russian Federation, SA = South Africa, Sud = Sudan, Thai = Thailand, Uru = Uruguay. Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Coleoptera: Acalolepta cervina I Cerambycidae IND P B X Acarina: Aceria erinoea OP Eriophyoidae IND N B X Acarina: Aceria sp. OP Eriophyidae IND P B X Acarina: Aceria tristriatus OP Eriophyoidae IND N B X Lepidoptera: Achaea janata I Noctuidae IND N B X Lepidoptera: Achaea serva I Noctuidae IND N B X Lepidoptera: Acrospila gastralis I Pyralidae IND P B X Hemiptera: Adelges cooleyi I Adelgidae INT P C X Hemiptera: Adelges japonicus I Adelgidae IND P C X Coleoptera: Aeolesthes sarta I Cerambycidae INT N B X Coleoptera: Aeolesthes sarta I Cerambycidae INT P B X Hemiptera: Agonoscena viridis I Aphalaridae IND P B X Coleoptera: Agrilus kalshoveni I Buprestidae IND N B X Agrobacterium Rhizobiales: tumefaciens D Rhizobiaceae IND P B X X Coleoptera: Alcidodes frenatus I Curculionidae IND P B X Alcidodes Coleoptera: ludificator I Curculionidae IND P B X Isoptera: Amitermes foreli I Termitidae IND P B X Amphicerus Coleoptera: cornutus I Bostrichidae IND P B X Lepidoptera: Amyna punctum I Noctuidae IND N C X Anacridum Orthoptera: melanorhodon I Acrididae IND N B X Analeptes Coleoptera: trifasciata I Cerambycidae IND N B X Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeida Anaphe panda I e IND N B X Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Lepidoptera: Anaphe venata I Notodontidae IND N B X Ancistrotermes Isoptera: latinotus I Termitidae IND N B X Coleoptera: Anomala pyropyga I Scarabaeidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Anomala pyropyga I Scarabaeidae IND P C X Lepidoptera: Anomis illita I Noctuidae IND P B X Anoplophora Coleoptera: glabripennis I Cerambycidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Anthaxia bicolor I Buprestidae IND P C X Coleoptera: Anthaxia conradti I Buprestidae IND N C X Anthaxia Coleoptera: turkestanica I Buprestidae IND P C X Hemiptera: Aonidia isfarensis I Diaspididae IND N C X Coleoptera: Apate indistincta I Bostrychidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Apate monachus I Bostrichidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Apate terebrans I Bostrichidae IND P B X Apethymus Hymenoptera: filiformis I Tenthredinidae IND N B X Coleoptera: Apoderus notatus I Curculionidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Apriona cinerea I Cerambycidae IND P B X Arceuthobium Santalales: oxycedri OP Viscaceae IND N C X Santalales: Arceuthobium spp. OP Visaceae IND N C X Lepidoptera: Archips crataegana I Tortricidae IND N B X Lepidoptera: Archips micaceana I Tortricidae IND P B X Lepidoptera: Archips xylosteana I Tortricidae IND N B X Argyrestia Lepidoptera: praecocella I Argyresthiidae IND N C X Aristobia Coleoptera: approximator I Cerambycidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Aristobia horridula I Cerambycidae IND P B X Basidiomycota: Armillaria fuscipes D Marasmiaceae IND P C X Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Basidiomycota: Armillaria fuscipes D Marasmiaceae IND P B X Basidiomycota: Armillaria fuscipes D Marasmiaceae IND N C X Basidiomycota: Armillaria fuscipes D Marasmiaceae IND N B X Basidiomycota: Armillaria heimii D Marasmiaceae INT P B X Basidiomycota: Armillaria heimii D Marasmiaceae INT P C X Basidiomycota: Armillaria mellea D Marasmiaceae INT P B X X Basidiomycota: Armillaria mellea D Marasmiaceae INT N B X Basidiomycota: Armillaria mellea D Marasmiaceae INT N C X Basidiomycota: Armillaria mellea D Marasmiaceae INT P C X Basidiomycota: Armillaria mellea D Marasmiaceae IND P C X Basidiomycota: Armillaria spp. D Marasmiaceae IND P C X X Basidiomycota: Armillaria spp. D Marasmiaceae IND N B X Asphondylia Diptera: tectonae I Cecidomyiidae IND N B X Basidiomycota: Atelocauda digitata D Pileolariaceae INT P B X Hemiptera: Aulacaspis marina I Diaspidae IND P B X Ascomycota: Balansia linearis D Clavicipitaceae IND P B X Coleoptera: Batocera rubus I Cerambycidae IND P B X Biscogniauxia mediterranea var. Ascomycota: mediterranea D Xylariaceae IND N B X Ascomycota: Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriac dothidea D eae INT P B X X Ascomycota: Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriac dothidea D eae IND P B X Ascomycota: Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriac eucalypticola D eae INT P B X Ascomycota: Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriac eucalyptorum D eae INT P B X Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Ascomycota: Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriac ribis D eae INT P B X Ascomycota: Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriac ribis D eae INT P C X Botryosphaeria Ascomycota: spp. D Incertae sedis INT N B X Botryosphaeria Ascomycota: spp. D Incertae sedis INT N C X Botryosphaeria Ascomycota: spp. D Incertae sedis INT P B X Ascomycota: Botrytis cinerea D Sclerotiniaceae INT N C X Brontispa Coleoptera: longissima I Chrysomelidae INT P B X X Brontispa Coleoptera: longissima I Chrysomelidae IND P B X Bruchidius Coleoptera: uberatus I Bruchidae IND P B X Lepidoptera: Bupalus piniarius I Geometridae IND N C X Lepidoptera: Bupalus piniarius I Geometridae IND P C X Buprestis Coleoptera: novemmaculata I Buprestidae INT P C X Tylenchida: Bursaphelenchus Aphelenchoidida xylophilus OP e INT N C X Tylenchida: Bursaphelenchus Aphelenchoidida xylophilus OP e INT P C X Lepidoptera: Buzura abruptaria I Geometridae IND N C X Hymenoptera: Caliroa cerasi I Tenthredinidae IND N B X Hymenoptera: Caliroa cerasi I Tenthredinidae IND P B X Calliteara Lepidoptera: cerigoides I Lymantriidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Calopepla leayana I Chrysomelidae IND P B X X Lepidoptera: Cameraria ohridella I Gracillariidae INT N B X Capnodis Coleoptera: sexmaculata I Buprestidae IND N B X Capnodis Coleoptera: tenebricosa I Buprestidae IND N B X Artiodactyla: Capra hircus OP Bovidae INT N B X Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Lepidoptera: Cargolia arana I Geometridae IND P B X Lepidoptera: Cargolia arana I Geometridae IND P C X Carphoborus Coleoptera: persicus I Scolytidae IND N B X Carpocapsa Lepidoptera: pomonella I Torticidae IND N B X Coleoptera: Caryedon serratus I Bruchidae IND P B X Rodentia: Castor canadensis OP Castoridae INT N B X X Catopsilia crocale Lepidoptera: crocale I Pieridae IND P B X Catopsilia pomona Lepidoptera: pomona I Pieridae IND P B X Catopsilia pyranthe Lepidoptera: pyranthe I Pieridae IND P B X Primata: Cebus paella OP Cebidae IND P C X Celosterna Coleoptera: pollinosa sulphurea I Cerambycidae IND P B X Cenangium Ascomycota: ferruginosum D Helotiaceae IND P C X Ascomycota: Ceratocystis Ceratocystidace albofundus D ae IND N B X Ascomycota: Ceratocystis Ceratocystidace albofundus D ae IND P B X Ascomycota: Ceratocystis Ceratocystidace fimbriata D ae INT P B X X Ascomycota: Ceratocystidace Ceratocystis spp. D ae INT P B X Ceroys Orthoptera: quadrispinosus I Phasmidae IND P C X Artiodactyla: Cervus elaphus OP Cervidae INT N B X Artiodactyla: Cervus elaphus OP Cervidae INT N C X Artiodactyla: Cervus nippon OP Cervidae INT N B X Chilecomadia Lepidoptera: valdiviana I Cossidae IND N B X Chionaspis Hemiptera: pinifoliae I Diaspidae INT P C X Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Chondroplea Ascomycota: populea D Valsaceae IND P B X Choristoneura Lepidoptera: murinana I Tortricidae IND N C X Choristoneura Lepidoptera: murinana I Tortricidae IND N B X Choristoneura Lepidoptera: murinana I Tortricidae IND P C X Choristoneura Lepidoptera: murinana I Tortricidae IND P B X Chrysobothris Coleoptera: dorsata I Buprestidae INT P B X Chrysobothris Coleoptera: yucatanensis I Buprestidae IND P B X Coleoptera: Chrysomela populi I Chrysomelidae IND P B X Chrysoporthe Ascomycota: austroafricana D Incertae sedis IND N B X Chrysoporthe Ascomycota: austroafricana D Incertae sedis IND P B X Chrysoporthe Ascomycota: cubensis D Incertae sedis INT P B X X X Hemiptera: Cinara acutirostris I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara atlantica I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara cedri I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara costata I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara cronartii I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara cupressi I Aphididae INT N C X Cinara Hemiptera: cupressivora I Aphididae INT P C X X X X Cinara Hemiptera: cupressivora I Aphididae INT N C X Hemiptera: Cinara fresai I Aphididae INT N C X Hemiptera: Cinara fresai I Aphididae INT P C X X Hemiptera: Cinara grossa I Lachnidae IND P C X Hemiptera: Cinara juniperi I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara maghrebica I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara maritimae I Aphididae INT P C X X X Pest Order: Ind/ N/ Host Arg Bel Bra ChilChin Col Cyp Gha Hon Indi Indo Ken Kyr Mal Maur Mex Mol MonMor Rom Rus SA Sud Thai Uru Pest species type Family Int P type Hemiptera: Cinara piceae I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara pilicornis I Aphididae INT P C X Cinara Hemiptera: piniformosana I Aphididae INT P C X Hemiptera: Cinara pinivora I Aphididae INT P C X X X Hemiptera: Cinara tujafilina I Aphididae INT N C X Hemiptera: Cinara tujafilina I Aphididae INT P C X X Coleoptera: Cisseis rufobasalis I Buprestidae IND N B X Lepidoptera: Clostera cupreata I Notodontidae IND P B X Lepidoptera: Clostera fulgurita I Notodontidae IND P B X Ascomycetes: Coniothyrium Leptosphaeriace zuluense D ae INT P B X X Conogethes Lepidoptera: punctiferalis I Pyralidae IND P B X Diptera: Contarina spp.