International course on water and water management in the Philippines 4 January – 2 February 2018 Merlijn van Weerd, Marites Gatan-Balbas, Janneke Verheijen and Cecille Mangabat (editors) Mark Christian Fernandez, Daan Te Witt, Kyrvie Baguion, Chris Klerks, Guirliedane Palapal, Laura Righetti, Daisy De Hoop, Richelle Acain Incina, Divine Grace Dela Cruz, Hanne Cox, Jaysel Sibal, Maaike Van Woerden, Eryl Karl S. Agustin, Anne-Marie Vogelzang, Dilara Erzeybek, Jaylord Dela Cruz, Julius Rae R. Allam, Alec Schellinx, June Spencer Cera, Kirsten Steunenberg, Jessa Macapallag, Eva Evertovna Zegelaar, Laura Van Der Stelt, Alvin Ramos, Vicson Cammayo, Rik Verhave, Manilyn Macuray, Jerry Van Rijn, Regie Gabinete and Orleans Pearl Deus International course on water and water management in the Philippines 2018 Merlijn van Weerd, Marites Gatan-Balbas, Janneke Verheijen and Cecille Mangabat (editors) Cover: participants of the water course 2018 © 2018 Isabela State University, Leiden University and Mabuwaya Foundation The opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of Leiden University, Isabela State University, the Mabuwaya Foundation, Hoogheemraadschap Rijnland or individual authors and editors. Please cite as follows: van Weerd, M., M. Gatan-Balbas, J. Verheijen and C. Mangabat (Eds). 2018. International course on water and water management in the Philippines 2018. Report. Mabuwaya Foundation and Isabela State University, Cabagan, the Philippines and Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands. 2 International course on water and water management in the Philippines 2018 Editors Merlijn van Weerd Marites Gatan-Balbas Janneke Verheijen Cecille Mangabat With contributions by: Mark Christian Fernandez, Daan Te Witt, Kyrvie Baguion, Chris Klerks, Guirliedane Palapal, Laura Righetti, Daisy De Hoop, Richelle Acain Incina, Divine Grace Dela Cruz, Hanne Cox, Jaysel Sibal, Maaike Van Woerden, Eryl Karl S. Agustin, Anne-Marie Vogelzang, Dilara Erzeybek, Jaylord Dela Cruz, Julius Rae R. Allam, Alec Schellinx, June Spencer Cera, Kirsten Steunenberg, Jessa Macapallag, Eva Evertovna Zegelaar, Laura Van Der Stelt, Alvin Ramos, Vicson Cammayo, Rik Verhave, Manilyn Macuray, Jerry Van Rijn, Regie Gabinete And Orleans Pearl Deus Isabela State University, Mabuwaya Foundation and Leiden University Cabagan, the Philippines and Leiden, the Netherlands 2018 3 Message Water / Winter Course 2018 In January 2018, 15 students of |Leiden University student went to the Philippines to meet their fifteen counterpart students of Isabela Staye University, with whom they would participate in the Winter Course of 2018. Although the name Winter Course might confuse one in the Philippine context, something serious is going on with climate change. The goals of the Water Course might be described as: Getting to know your counterpart student from a different country and a different discipline; Getting to understand what ‘integrated water management’ and ‘river basin management’ looks like in practice. The Rijnland District Water Control Board feels an obligation in sharing knowledge on the subject of integrated water management. With the millennium goals in mind, we understand that sharing knowledge does not limit itself to the boundaries of your country. Our cooperation with Leiden University led us to the Philippines and in this case specifically to the Isabela State University and the Cagayan Valley Programme on Environment and Development (CVPED) and the Mabuwaya Foundation. In this booklet you find the experiences of the group of students participating in the Water Course 2018. We are proud of the results and the fact that we could contribute to this activity. We can now speak of a tradition, and I am confident that this eight Water Course in a row will not be the last one. I sincerely hope that many more Water Courses may follow! Timo van Tilburg Head of the Policy Department The Rijnland District Water Control Board Leiden, the Netherlands 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The present booklet is the outcome of the work done by 15 students of Leiden University and 15 students of Isabela State University during the eighth international water course that took place in the Philippines from 4 January – 2 February 2018. The 2018 Course would not have been possible without the funding and support by Hoogheemraadschap Rijnland, the Louwes Fund for research on Water and Food, Leiden University, Isabela State University and the Mabuwaya Foundation. The course was organized and coordinated by the Institute of Environmental Sciences (Kiki Boomgaard, Ellen Cieraad), Faculty of Social Sciences of Leiden University (Janneke Verheijen and Merlijn van Weerd), Isabela State University (Cecille Mangabat) and the Mabuwaya Foundation (Marites Balbas and Merlijn van Weerd). Participants from Isabela State University were screened from the different colleges and we thank Dr Edmundo Gumpal and colleagues of CFEM, Dr Bella Reyes and colleagues of PTIA, Dr Jane Cabauatan and colleagues of CDCAS, Dr Ambrose Hans Aggabao and colleagues of CTE, Dr Rufino Calpature and Dr Orlando Balderama and colleagues of the College of Engineering at Echague, Dr Precila de Lima of Cauayan Campus and Dr Clarinda Galiza of ISU Campus San Mariano for their support. The Cagayan Valley Program on Environment and Development (CVPED) of Isabela State University (ISU), headed by Cecille Mangabat with staff members Eso Tarun, Onia Gunayon and Lenlen Morillo provided support while the students stayed in Cabagan. Meals in Cabagan were provided by Prof Dominador Zipagan and students of the Hotel and Restaurant Management Course. We thank the Campus Executive Officer Dr Hans Ambrosius Aggabao of ISU Cabagan and ISU President Dr Ricmar Aquino for all their support during the coordination, preparation and the implementation of the course. Essential support during the preparation and implementation of the course was also provided by the Mabuwaya Foundation team: Arnold Macadangdang, Joni Acay, Bernard Tarun, Leonalyn Tumaliuan, Mario Pedrablanca, Jovilyn Cureg, Dorina Soler Ferrer, Amante Yogyog and Nanette Cataggatan. A large number of representatives of government, non-government and international organizations warmly welcomed the students in their offices or field sites and provided a unique insight in their work: The water course 2018 students and staff visited the Biodiversity Management Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources in manila for presentations on biodiversity and conservation in the Philippines. Dave de Vera of the Philippin Association for Intercultural Development (PAFID) gave presentations about Indigenous Peoples and conservation. Sam and colleagues of the Kalahan Educational Foundation (KEF) welcomed and toured the students in the Ikalahan Ancestral Domain in Imugan. 5 National Commission on Indigenous People (NCIP) Regional Director Ruben Bastero gave a presentation about the indigenous people of Region II and the work of the NCIP. Regional Director of the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) Ferdinand Tumaliuan gave a presentation about the Regional development plan of Region II. Mayor Edgar Go of San Mariano allowed the students to visit Dunoy Lake and to conduct a field work trial in his beautiful municipality in the foothills of the northern Sierra Madre Mountains. Mayor Leonardo C. Pattung of the municipality of Baggao, local government officials and batangay officlas allowed the students to conduct research in their municipality and provided support and information. Last but not least the students experienced the famous Filipino hospitality while staying with host families in Barangays Remus, Pallagao and Sta Margarita in Baggao. The editors 6 Page Message by Timo van Tilburg/Hoogheemraadschap Rijnland 2 Acknowledgements 3 Table of Contents 5 Introduction 8 Participants, Coordinators and Supporting staff 10 Course Program 16 Student Reports 19 Daan te Witt and Mark Christian Fernandez 20 Main Roads In Baggao, Cagayan, Philippines Kyrvie Baguion and Chris Klerks 30 Healthcare And Road Development In Baggao Laura Righetti and Guirliedane Palapal 38 Tourism in Baggao, Cagayan Richelle Acain Incina and Daisy de Hoop 48 The Production And Marketing Of Non-Timber Forest Products In Sitio Mansarong, Barangay Santa Margarita, Baggao, The Philippines Hanne Cox and Divine Grace Dela Cruz 56 Influence of Ethnicity on Farming in Mansarong Jaysel Sibal and Maaike van Woerden 66 Agroforestry in Baggao, Cagayan: Practices and Motivations in Mansarong and Pagapag Eryl Karl Agustin and Anne-Marie Vogelzang 76 The Introduction of Rubber Trees in Mansarong, Baggao 7 Dilara Erzeybek and Jaylord Dela Cruz 87 The History of Migration in Villages Malisi, Mansarong and Pagapag Baggao, and the Influence on the current Cultural Practices Julius Rae R. Allam and Alec Schellinx Community-based Biodiversity Conservation in Sitio 98 Malisi, Santa Margarita, Baggao Kirsten Steunenberg and June Spencer Cera 108 The Sustainability of Non-Timber Forest Products Use in Sitio Malisi: an Inventory Jessa Macapallag and Eva Evertovna Zegelaar 117 The Threats to Biodiversity in Blue Waters, Pallagao, Baggao Laura Van Der Stelt and Alvin P. Ramos 127 Diversity of Birds in the Forest and Non-Forest Area of Blue Waters In Baggao, Cagayan, Philippines Rik Verhave and Vicson C. Cammayo 138 Flora Assessment at Blue Waters, Baggao, Cagayan Valley, Philippines Manilyn D. Macuray and Jerry Van Rijn 147 Agricultural Practices in the Sitio of Blue Waters Orleans Pearl Deus and Regie Gabinete 157