The Longman Anthology of British Literature David Damrosch General Editor VOLUME 2 THE ROMANTICS AND THEIR CONTEMPORARIES Susan Wolfson and Peter Manning THE VICTORIAN AGE Heather Henderson and William Sharpe THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Kevin Dettmar and Jennifer Wicke LONGMAN : of Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. §1 '.'':' New York •;Reading,/]*tassachusetts • Menlo Park, California • Harlow, England §, ".•U''«»'* "J Don TyUlls, OMBrio • Sydney • Mexico City • Madrid • Amsterdam CONTENTS Preface xxxiii Acknowledgments xxxix The Romantics and Their Contemporaries 2 ANNA LAETITIA BARBAULD 29 The Mouse's Petition to Dr. Priestley 29 On a Lady's Writing 31 Inscription for an Ice-House 31 To a Little Invisible Being Who Is Expected Soon to Become Visible 32 To the Poor 33 Washing-Day 33 Eighteen Hundred and Eleven 35 The First Fire 43 COMPANION READING John Wilson Croker: from A Review of Eighteen Hundred and Eleven 45 PERSPECTIVES: THE RIGHTS OF MAN AND THE REVOLUTION CONTROVERSY 46 HELEN MARIA WILLIAMS 47 from Letters Written in France, in the Summer of 1790 48 from Letters from France 52 EDMUND BURKE 57 from Reflections on the Revolution in France 58 MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 67 from A Vindication of the Rights of Men 67 " THOMAS PAINE 76 from The Rights of Man 76 WILLIAM GODWIN 82 from An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and Its Influence on General Virtue and Happiness 83 THE ANTI-JACOBIN 88 The Friend of Humanity and the Knife-Grinder 88 HANNAH MORE 92 ' Village Politics >92 • . vi Contents ARTHUR YOUNG 99 from Travels in France During the Years 1787-1788, and 1789 100 from The Example of France, a Warning to Britain 101 WILLIAM BLAKE 104 All Religions Are One 106 There Is No Natural Religion [a] 107 There Is No Natural Religion [b] 108 SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE 110 Songs of Innocence Introduction 110 The Ecchoing Green 111 The Lamb 112 The Little Black Boy 113 The Chimney Sweeper 114 The Divine Image 115 HOLY THURSDAY 115 Nurse's Song 116 Infant Joy 116 COMPANION READING Charles Lamb: from The Praise of Chimney-Sweepers 116 Songs of Experience The Fly 119 The CLOD & the PEBBLE 120 HOLY THURSDAY 120 The Tyger 120 The Chimney Sweeper 122 The SICK ROSE 122 AH! SUN-FLOWER 123 The GARDEN of LOVE 123 LONDON 123 The Human Abstract 124 INFANT SORROW 124 A POISON TREE 125 A DIVINE IMAGE 126 The Marriage of Heaven and Hell 126 Visions of the Daughters of Albion 139 LETTERS 145 To Dr. John Trusler (23 August 1799) 145 To Thomas Butts (22 November 1802) 146 PERSPECTIVES: THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY AND THE SLAVE TRADE 149 OLAUDAH EQUIANO 151 from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. 15,1 MARY PRINCE 157 from The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave 158 • • ; Contents vii THOMAS BELLAMY 161 The Benevolent Planters 161 ANN YEARSLEY 168 from A Poem on the Inhumanity of the Slave-Trade 168 WILLIAM COWPER 172 Sweet Meat Has Sour Sauce 173 HANNAH MORE 174 The Sorrows of Yamba 174 ROBERT SOUTHEY 178 from Poems Concerning the Slave Trade 179 DOROTHY WORDSWORTH 180 from The Grasmere Journals 180 GEORGE GORDON, LORD BYRON 181 from Detached Thoughts 181 THOMAS CLARKSON 181 from The History of the Rise, Progress, & Accomplishment of the Abolition of the African Slave-Trade by the British Parliament 181 WILLIAM WORDSWORTH 190 To Toussaint L'Ouverture 190 To Thomas Clarkson 191 from The Prelude 191 from Humanity 192 Letter to Mary Ann Rawson 192 THE EDINBURGH REVIEW 193 from Abstract of the Information laid on the Table of the House of Commons, on the Subject of the Slave Trade 193 MARY ROBINSON 195 January, 1795 196 Sappho and Phaon 198 4 ("Why, when I gaze on Phaon's beauteous eyes") 198 12 ("Now, o'er the tesselated pavement strew") 199 18 ("Why art thou changed? O Phaon! tell me why?") 199 30 ("O'er the tall cliff that bounds the billowy main") 199 37 ("When, in the gloomy mansion of the dead") 200 The Camp 200 LYRICAL TALES 201 The Haunted Beach 201 London's Summer Morning 203 The Old Beggar 204 MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 206 A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 208 To M. Talleyrand-Perigord, Late Bishop of Autun 208 Introduction 210 from Chapter 1. The Rights and Involved Duties of Mankind Considered 213 from Chapter 2. The Prevailing Opinion of a Sexual Character Discussed 216 viii Contents from Chapter 3. The Same Subject Continued 227 from Chapter 5. Animadversions on Some of the Writers Who Have Rendered Women Objects of Pity, Bordering on Contempt 232 from Chapter 13. Some Instances ofthe Folly Which the Ignorance of Women Generates; with Concluding Reflections on the Moral Improvement That a Revolution in Female Manners Might Naturally Be Expected to Produce 233 Maria; or The Wrongs of Woman 235 [Jemima's Story] 235 PERSPECTIVES: THE WOLLSTONECRAFT CONTROVERSY AND THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN 247 CATHERINE MACAULAY 247 from Letters on Education 248 ANNA LAETITIA BARBAULD 250 The Rights of Woman 251 ROBERT SOUTHEY 251 To Mary Wolstoncraft 251 WILLIAM BLAKE 252 from Mary 252 RICHARD POLWHELE 253 from The Unsex'd Females 254 PRISCILLA BELL WAKEFIELD 258 from Reflections on the Present Condition of the Female Sex 258 MARY ANNE RADCUFFE 262 from The Female Advocate 262 HANNAH MORE 269 from Strictures on the Modern System of Female Education 269 MARY ANNE LAMB 275 Letter to The British Lady's Magazine [On Needlework] 276 WILLIAM THOMPSON and ANNA WHEELER 279 ' from Appeal of One Haif the Human Race, Women, Against the Pretensions of the Other Half, Men, To Retain Them in Political, and Thence in Civil and Domestic Slavery 280 JOANNA BAILLIE 287 Plays on the Passions 287 from Introductory Discourse 287 London 292 A Mother to Her Waking Infant 293 A Child to His Sick Grandfather 294 Thunder 295 Song: Woo'd and Married and A' 297 Literary Ballads 298 RELIQUES OF ANCIENT ENGLISH POETRY 299 Sir Patrick Spence 300 Contents ix ROBERT BURNS 301 To a Mouse 302 Flow gently, sweet Afton 303 Ae fond kiss 303 Comin' Thro' the Rye (1) 304 Comin' Thro' the Rye (2) 304 Scots, wha hae wi' Wallace bled 305 Is there for honest poverty 306 A Red, Red Rose 307 Auld Lang Syne 307 The Fornicator. A New Song 308 SIR WALTER SCOTT 309 Lord Randal 309 THOMAS MOORE 310 The harp that once through Tara's halls 310 Believe me, if all those endearing young charms 310 The time I've lost in wooing 311 WILLIAM WORDSWORTH 312 LYRICAL BALLADS (1798) 313 Simon Lee 314 We Are Seven 317 Lines Written in Early Spring 318 The Thorn 319 Note to The Thorn 324 Expostulation and Reply 326 The Tables Turned 326 Old Man Travelling 327 Lines Written a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey 328 LYRICAL BALLADS (1800, 1802) 332 Preface 332 [The Principal Object of the Poems. Humble and Rustic Life] 332 ["The Spontaneous Overflow of Powerful Feelings"] 333 [The Language of Poetry] 334 [What Is a Poet?] 335 ["Emotion Recollected in Tranquillity"] 336 There was a Boy 336 Strange fits of passion have I known 337 Song (She dwelt among th' untrodden ways) 338 Three years she grew in sun and shower 338 Song (A slumber did my spirit seal) 339 Lucy Gray 340 Contents Poor Susan 341 Nutting 342 Michael 343 COMPANION READINGS Francis Jeffrey: from A Review of Robert Southey's Thalaba 354 Charles Lamb: from Letter to William Wordsworth 357 Charles Lamb: from Letter to Thomas Manning 358 SONNETS, 1802-1807 359 Prefatory Sonnet ("Nuns fret not at their Convent's narrow room") 359 The world is too much with us 360 Composed upon Westminster Bridge, Sept. 3, 1802 360 It is a beauteous Evening 360 I griev'd for Buonaparte 361 London, 1802 361 COMPANION READINGS Charlotte Smith: from Elegiac Sonnets To Melancholy 362 Far on the Sands 362 • • To Tranquillity 362 Written in the Church Yard at Middleton in Sussex 363 On being cautioned against walking on an headland overlooking the sea 363 THE PRELUDE, OR GROWTH OF A POET'S MIND (1805) 364 Book First. Introduction, Childhood, and School time 365 Book Second. School time continued 379 [Two Consciousnesses] 379 [Blessed Infant Babe] 380 Book Fourth. Summer Vacation 381 [Encounter with a "Dismissed" Soldier] 381 Book Fifth. Books 384 [Meditation on Books. The Dream of the Arab] 384 [A Drowning in Esthwaite's Lake] 388 '["The Mystery of Words"] 388 ' Book Sixth. Cambridge, and the Alps 389 [The Pleasure of Geometric Science] 389 [Arrival in France] 390 [Travelling in the Alps. Simplon Pass] 392 • Book Seventh. Residence in London 396 [A Blind Beggar. Bartholomew Fair] 396 . Book Ninth. Residence in France 399 [Paris] 399 [Revolution, Royalists, and Patriots] 403 Book Tenth. Residence in France and French Revolution 406 [The Reign of Terror. Confusion. Return to England] 406 [Further Events in France] 410 [The Death of Robespierre and Renewed Optimism] 412 [Britain Declares War on France. The Rise of Napoleon and Imperialist France] 414 COMPANION READING William Wordsworth: from The Prelude (1850) 418 Contents xi Book Eleventh. Imagination, How Impaired and Restored 418 [Imagination Restored by Nature] 418 ' •• • • ["Spots of Time." Two Memories from Childhood and Later Reflections] 420 Book Thirteenth. Conclusion 423 [Climbing Mount Snowdon. Moonlit Vista. Meditation on "Mind," "Self," "Imagination," "Fear," and "Love"] 423 [Concluding Retrospect and Prophecy] 428 Resolution and Independence 430 I wandered lonely as a cloud 433 My heart leaps up 434 Ode: Intimations of Immortality 434 The Solitary Reaper 439 Elegiac Stanzas 440 from Preface to The Excursion 442 COMPANION READINGS William Hazlitt: from The Character of Mr.