© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION UNIT© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC I© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION TheNOT FORBody SALE as OR aDISTRIBUTION Whole © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Chapter 1 Organization of the Human Body © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC Chapter 2 Chemistry,NOT FOR Matter, SALE ORand DISTRIBUTION Life NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Chapter 3 Cells and Their Functions Chapter 4 Tissues, Glands, and Membranes Chapter© Jones 5 &The Bartlett Integumentary Learning, LLC System © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTIONOrganizationNOT FOR of SALE the OR HumanDISTRIBUTION Body CHAPTER CHAPTER 1 © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Learning Objectives © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE ORAfter DISTRIBUTION careful study of this chapter, you should NOTbe able FOR to: SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 1 Define the terms anatomy and physiology. p. 4 2 Describe the organization of the body from chemicals to the whole organism. p. 4 © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC3 List 11 body systems, and© giveJones the general & Bartlett function Learning,of each. p. 4 LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION4 Define and give examplesNOT of homeostasis.FOR SALE p. 5 OR DISTRIBUTION 5 Using examples, discuss the components of a negative feedback loop. p. 6 6 Explain the importance of barriers in the body, and give several examples of barriers. p. 7 © Jones7 &Define Bartlett a gradient, Learning, and explain LLC the effect of resistance on flow© Jones down a gradient. & Bartlett p. 8 Learning, LLC NOT FOR8 List SALE and define OR DISTRIBUTIONthe main directional terms for the body. p. 9 NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 9 List and define the three planes of division of the body. p. 10 10 Name the subdivisions of the dorsal and ventral cavities. p. 12 © Jones & Bartlett 11Learning, Name and LLC locate the subdivisions of the abdomen.© Jones p. 13 & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR12 DISTRIBUTION Cite some anterior and posterior body regionsNOT along FOR with SALE their common OR DISTRIBUTIONnames. p. 14 13 Find examples of anatomic and physiologic terms in the case study. pp. 3, 15 14 Show how word parts are used to build words related to the body’s organization (see Word Anatomy at the end of the chapter). p. 17 © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION A & P in Action Mike’s Case: Emergency Care ©and Possible System Failure Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION “Location—Belle Grove The steering column is bent, so I wouldn’t rule out thoracic Road. Single MVA. Male. or abdominal injuries either.” Early 20s. Fire and Ed agreed. “He’s got forehead lacerations, and he’s © Jones & Bartlett Learning,police on scene,” LLC crack- disoriented.© Chest Jones seems & fine, Bartlett but his Learning, abdominal cavity LLC led theNOT radio. FOR “Medic SALE 12. Respond OR DISTRIBUTION channel 2.” could be a problem.NOT FOR There SALE is significant OR DISTRIBUTION bruising across the “Medic 12 responding. En route to Belle Grove Road,” left lower quadrant and periumbilical regions—probably Ed radioed back, while his partner, Samantha, flipped the from the steering wheel. When I palpated his left upper switch for the lights and siren and hit the accelerator. When quadrant, it caused him considerable pain.” Mike’s blood © Jones &they Bartlett arrived at Learning, the scene, police LLC officers were directing traf©- Jonespressure & wasBartlett very low, Learning, and his heart LLC rate was very high— fic, and a fire crew was at work on the vehicle. Samantha both signs of a cardiovascular emergency. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION parked the ambulance just as the crew breached the door Ed then began a quick physical examination, first of the crumpled minivan. Samantha and Ed grabbed their checking Mike’s pupillary responses for any signs of intra- trauma bags and approached the wreck. cranial pressure and then continuing inferiorly. Ed shared Ed bent down toward the injured man. “I hear your his findings with Samantha. “He’s hypotensive and tachy- name is Mike. Mine is Ed.© I’mJones a paramedic. & Bartlett My partner Learning, LLCcardic. With the pain he reported© Jones earlier, signs& Bartlett are pointing Learning, LLC and I are going to take NOTa quick FOR look at SALE you and OR then DISTRIBUTION get to intra-abdominal hemorrhage.NOT We’ve FOR got SALE to get him OR to DISTRIBUTION you out of here.” Samantha and Ed carefully immobilized the trauma center right now.” Mike’s cervical spine and with the help of the fire crew, Ed and Samantha depend on their understanding transferred him to a stretcher. They immediately checked of anatomy and physiology to help their patients and his blood pressure, pulse rate, and blood oxygen content. communicate with their partners. Ed suspects that Mike Samantha© Jones placed & an Bartlett oxygen mask Learning, over Mike’s LLC nose and is bleeding ©internally Jones and & thatBartlett his heart Learning, is working hard LLC to mouthNOT and watchedFOR SALE to verify OR that DISTRIBUTION he continued to breathe compensateNOT for the FOR decrease SALE in blood OR pressure.DISTRIBUTION As we will regularly. see later, Mike’s state of internal balance, known as homeo- After asking Mike if he was alone at the time of the stasis, must be restored, or his body systems will fail. crash, Samantha inspected the vehicle. “Looks like the impact sent him up and over the steering wheel. Guessing As you study this chapter, CasePoints will give © Jones &from Bartlett the cracked Learning, windshield, LLC he may have a head injury. © Jonesyou opportunities& Bartlett Learning, to apply your LLC learning to this case. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Ancillaries At-A-Glance © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC Visit the web resource toNOT access FOR the following SALE resources: OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION ● eBook ● A&P Module with Heart & Lung Sounds ● Image Bank ● TestPrep© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC ● AudioNOT Glossary FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION ● Worksheets ● Study Aids © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. 4 Unit I ■ The Body as a Whole © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © JonesChemicals & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FORIntroduction SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Studies of the body’s normal structure and functions are the Cell basis for all medical sciences. It is only from understanding the normal that we can analyze what is going wrong in cases of disease. These studies give us an appreciation for the design and balance of the human body© Jones and for living & Bartlett organisms Learning, in general. LLC © Jones & BartlettTissue Learning, LLC This chapter discusses severalNOT generalFOR SALEscientific OR concepts DISTRIBUTION that NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION provide the foundation for topics to come. These key ideas are indicated with a numbered icon ( ). The table in the front cover of your textbook summarizes all of the key ideas pre- sented in this and later chapters. We will refer back to these Organ key ideas© Jones in future & chapters. Bartlett The Learning,number on the LLC icon indicates (stomach)© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC which key idea you should review to understand the topic. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Studies of the Human Body Organ The scientific term for the study of body structure isanat - system (digestive) © Jones &omy Bartlett (ah-NAT-o-me). Learning, The - tomyLLC part of this word in Latin© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC means “cutting,” because a fundamental way to learn about NOT FORthe SALE human OR body DISTRIBUTION is to cut it apart, or dissect (dis-sekt) it.NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Physiology (fiz-e-OL-o-je) is the term for the study of how the body functions; physio is based on a Latin term meaning Body as “nature,” and logy means “study of.” a whole © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC STRUCTURE ANDNOT FUNCTION FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Anatomy and physiology are closely related—that is, struc- ture and function are intertwined.