The Indian Police Journal Vol. L II No. 1 January-March, 2005 issue EDITORIAL BOARD Contents N.C. Joshi, Chairman Editorial 2 Rakesh Jaruhar, Member R.C. Arora, Member Abstracts & Key Words 3 D.M. Mitra, Member Community Policing in Kolkata Sanjay Baniwal, Member Ms. Tumpa Mukherjee 7 Lalit Das, Member Application of Technology in the Prevention of Counterfeiting and Sale of Spurious Products Shatrujeet Kapur 14 Syllabic Nuclei of Similar Vowel Quality as a Clue for Forensic Speaker Identification –A Study on the Isolated Spoken Words C.P. Singh, Manisha K. 32 Homicide Investigation and Punishment in Ancient India. (From Early Times to 647 A.D) Umesh Kumar Singh, I.P.S. 41 Are West Bengal Police Officers Stressed? Dr. Sibnath Deb 63 Taming The Beast: Can Corruption Be Controlled? Jayanto N. Choudhury, IPS 73 P.N. Khurana, Editor National Ballistics Imaging Database Management and its Applications in Indian Perspective S.S. Baisoya 84 Perceptions of Police Personnel about their Customer Orientation towards Women B. Sandhya, IPS 97 (Book Review) Manners and Etiquettes & Nagpur Police... 110 From the desk of Director (R & D) 112 Technology Update:- 115 President Police Medal for Distinguished Service 119 List of Articles Published in IPJ during the year 2004 125 Our Mission 128 Editorial This 52nd volume of The Indian Police Journal for January- March, 2005 includes a variety of articles on subjects like Community Policing, Technology, Forensic Science and Crime Investigation contributed by Senior luminaries in the field of Police, Forensic Scientist, Academicians and Researchers. The issue also contains a number of articles on issues like Police Corruption, Delivery of Police Service, and Community Policing etc., since it concerns both the police and public. Besides the articles, Book Review of “ Manners and Etiquettes” written by Dr. G.P. Bhatnagar and “Nagpur Police Through Ages- A Micro Study in Macro Setting” by Sh. P.L. Joshi, reviewed by Sh. R.C. Arora, Director, BPR&D and Dr. S.B. Bagchi, Principal, CDTS, Kolkata respectively; From the desk of Director (R&D); Technology Update; List of recipients of President’s Police Medals for distinguished Service; and, a list of articles published during 2004 have also been included. We deeply regret our inability to bring out this issue in time due to some unavoidable/technical problems. Other issues of the journal are also being published soon to clear the backlog. The present issue has come up with a new cover design with the hope that it will give a better look to the readers of the Journal. We will be grateful for your comments and valuable suggestions for our future guidance and to enable us to enrich the Journal further. EDITOR 2 The Indian Police Journal ♦ January - March 2005 Abstracts & Key Words Community Policing in Key Words : currency notes, government Kolkata stamps and stamp paper, Security printing, Watermark, banking instruments, advance Ms. Tumpa Mukherjee Fluorescent fibres, Invisible licences etc. Unique Key Words : fluorescent ink, Bi-fluorescent composition of paper, ink, ink, Meta merit ink, design, technology, perforation Jano Sanjog Sabha, Servant Thermochromic ink, Optical Verification Scheme, Tenant and add-on features like Variable Ink (OVI), Micro holograms can go a long way Verification Scheme, Commu- lettering, Radio Frequency nity ‘Traffic’ Management in the prevention of forgeries. Identification (RFID), Dot System. It may be a good idea to Matrix Hologram, Electronic develop special paper In Kolkata police & civil Beam (EB) Hologram, exclusively for security society are often at loggerheads Fluorescent galaxy printing. Similarly, certain with each other. The gory security inks should be memories of West Bengal State Wherever there are documents, there is possibility of earmarked only for security Police crushing the Radical printing. Left Extreme Naxalbari counterfeiting. The only way Movement in the late 60’s and to completely prevent this Similarly, in order to prevent early 70’s haunt the veteran menace is to do away with the the sale of spurious products, mind. To bridge the yawning documents involved. Although we need to conceptualize and gap that prevails among the there has been some progress design a national mark of police and community towards paperless working, yet authentication, on the lines of members, kolkata police is such transactions are only an ‘EGMARK’, to be used on the gradually gravitating towards exception. As a rule, economic lables/packing of genuine community oriented policing. transactions involve products. Concerned industry Kolkata police has advocated documents, giving rise to associations - and implemented few chances of forgery. Another pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, community policing programs. major problem facing the tobacco products, etc. - may be The thrust is towards involved in this initiative with promoting client oriented police economy is circulation of spurious products. Its global the Government acting as a service where the clients are facilitator. the community members of the volume exceeds 200 billion city. The paper further dollar per annum causing huge Syllabic Nuclei of Similar addresses some of the lacunae loss to the governments. Vowel Quality as a Clue for Forensic Speaker of the community policing How secure a documents is? Identification –A Study on program in Kolkata as well as To answer this question, we suggest some workable the Isolated Spoken Words will have to look at how secure solutions to make it more C.P. Singh, Manisha K. effective. its ingredients i.e. paper, ink, design, technology, perforation Key Words : Application of Technology and numbering are. To in the Prevention of prevent counterfeiting, we need Key Words:- Clue words, Counterfeiting and Sale of to carry out a comprehensive onset, Syllabic Nuclei. Spurious Products review of security features in In forensic speaker Shatrujeet Kapur security documents like identification practices, the The Indian Police Journal ♦ January - March 2005 3 clue words for spectrographic Homicide Investigation real culprits. Due care was comparison, which are of same and Punishment in taken to ensure that innocent context or dialect, are selected. Ancient India. (From Early must be allowed protection and When the context of the Times to 647 A.D) be left out without any punishment but utmost care specimen speech materials are Umesh Kumar Singh, I.P.S., different from that of the was taken to a sure short I questioned sample, sufficient Key Words : punishment to the guilty. clue words are difficult to Homicide, Primitive Society, Treatment of State select out of the speech Reasons, and Motive of government and other public material provided for Homicide, Genocide Indus servant to the people of the spectrographic method of voice Valley civilization, Vedic Age, state was not equal and comparison which usually The Ramayan and the uniformed and for the same leads to no-opinion rather than Mahabharat Age, offence culprits of different probable or positive Dharmashastra, Codification castes were differently treated identification even though of Indian Law, Kautilyan and unequally punished. auditory examination reveals Arthasastra, Prostitutes, Brahmins enjoyed the great positive matching. Studies Harlots, Human Sacrifice, privilege and were having less punishment, and next to them have been conducted on the Brahmanicide, Sati system, Kshatriyas were treated with isolated spoken words having Infanticide, Feticide, higher esteem and the rest two similar vowel quality as Investigation, Postmortem, castes- Vaishyas and the syllabic nuclei preceded by Punishment, Capital Sudras were punished with all consonant having same place Punishment, Seditious cruelty and tortures. of articulation for forensic Minister, Unjust, Feudal, Toiling. Privileged few enjoyed all the importance as clue words for privileges and the common comparison. Some of the This article is of immense people and masses were ‘ measurable speaker dependent academic interest and it is an maitre acted and punished parameters are studied with attempt to present a picture of with all severity. Females and the selected vowels as /a/, /e/, / homicidal incidents in the Sudras were treated worst i/, /o/ & /u/ uttered by fifteen remote past of Indian society. than the animals. speakers and found useful for Society, in the past also, was forensic speaker identification, not free from incidents of Are West Bengal Police though they are preceded by crime and the then State Officers Stressed? different consonants having machinery had devised a very Dr. Sibnath Deb, Tanusree same place of articulation. successful methodology to Chakraborty, Pooja Chatterjee Thus in a situation where prevent, detect and control and Dr. Neerajakshi sufficient clue words could not such re-occurrence of criminal Srivastava. be selected from the speech incidents. Though police Key Words : materials provided, the words/ administration or criminal syllables having vowels of dispensation justice system of Police Officer, Stress, same quality preceded by modem type did not exist so Symptoms of Stress, different consonants having full fledgedly, yet the then Consequences of Stress, Role same place of articulation as government have devised very Over-Load, Role Ambiguity, onset are found to be the only effective methods to catch the Role Conflict, Group And alternative technique of clue criminals, put them under Political Pressures, word selection for comparison trial and to ensure the Responsibility For Persons, by spectrographic