Barrow Hills, Radley, Volume 1 INDEX Note 1: Page references in italics denote figures and tables. There may also be textual references on these pages. Note 2: Place-names are mostly in Oxfordshire unless otherwise stated. Note 3: Subheadings are in alphabetical order except in the case of chronological periods, where they are in chronological order. Abermule, Powys 322 Abingdon Ashville Trading Estate 234, 244, 274, 324, 325, 326 Corporation Farm 313, 320, 322, 325 Mesolithic flintwork 17 Romano-British settlement 167 Vineyard 269, 274 Abingdon Abbey 5,254,267 Abingdon Area Archaeological and Historical Society (AAAHS) 1, 7, 8 Abingdon causewayed enclosure xxiii, 1, 5, 8, 19, 26, 82, 167, 171, 254, 266, 275, 309, 316 bone/antler 235,271,279 environmental analysis 269, 270 flint 17,213,214,218,220 grain impressions 256, 263 pit scatter 319 prehistoric pottery 196, 198, 244, 256, 320, 322 radiocarbon dating 270, 278-9, 294, 301, 330, 333, 337-9 in regional context 320, 321 ritual complex development 298, 300, 301, 303 stone axes 228 Abingdon Common 320 Acklam Wold, Yorkshire 235 aerial photography xxiii, xxiv, 1, 3, 4, 322, 325, 328 barrow 12 97 linear features 17 pond barrow 4583 52 ring ditch 201 133 segmented ring ditch 44 age structure adult burials barrow 1 143 barrow 4 155 barrow 4A 154 barrow 5 156 barrow 12 102,315 barrow 15 160, 161 barrow 17 166 Beaker 'flat' graves 59, 60, 316, 318 'flat' graves 31,33,316 intercutting pits/pit scatter 89 linear mortuary structure 5352 28, 29, 276 methodology 172 oval barrow 20,25,316 pond barrow 4583 53 pond barrow 4866 122, 124 ring ditch 201 138 adult burials (ageing) barrow 3 153 pond barrow 4866 121, 124 adult cremations barrow 2 149 barrow 11 159 barrow 12 102 barrow 16 165 356 index cremation 951 59 linear cremation cemetery 128, 129, 130, 131 pond barrow 4866 115 child burials barrow 4A 154 barrow 12 . 101, 209, 289, 315 barrow 15 161 Beaker'flat' graves 55-6, 59, 316, 318, 324, 327 'flat' graves 31, 33, 275, 316 pond barrow 4866 118, 122, 173, 220, 244, 253, 286, 315 child cremation, linear cremation cemetery 131 cremation burials 172 and grave goods 224 infant burials barrow 12 102,107,110 barrow 17 166 Beaker 'flat' graves 56 segmented ring ditch 45 infant cremations barrow 12 102 linear cremation cemetery 131 possible, barrow 16 165 ring ditch 611 35,37 neonate burial, Beaker 'flat' graves 56, 173, 176 subadult burials barrow 5 156 barrow 12 101, 102 barrow 15 162 barrow 17 173-5 Beaker 'flat' graves 59 methodology 172 pond barrow 4583 53 pond barrow 4866 119, 122-4 subadult cremations barrow 2 149 cremation 951 59 linear cremation cemetery 129, 130, 131 agriculture 258 barrow destruction 168, 269 cereal cultivation 272, 274 Daisy Banks Fen 267 late Bronze Age intensification 274 ridge and furrow cultivation 1, 168 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 145, 235 alder charcoal 247,249 pond barrow 4866 119, 253, 272, 315 alder woodland ; 267,270,273 Daisy Banks Fen 256, 260, 261, 262, 266 Aldro, Yorkshire 224,234 Aldwincle, Northamptonshire 277 Alfriston, Sussex 277,278 Alington Avenue, Dorchester, Dorset 330 Allen, Major 1, 3, 6 Alsop Moor, Derbyshire 235 Alston, Northumbria 183 amber distribution of 328 and faience necklace see beads (jet/shale bead necklace) amber beads Stanton Harcourt 234 Zurich Mozartstrasse, Switzerland 186 Amesbury, Wiltshire 192, 234, 235, 289, 290, 293 357 Barrow Hills, Radley, Volume 1 anaemia, evidence of 33, 122, 172-3 Anglo-Saxon period 171 Barton Court Farm 167 populaton in 172 see also Saxon period animal bone see bone, animal animal damage to burials 67, 94, 130, 143, 159 animal husbandry 239, 272, 273 antiquarian interest 168 antler 202, 210, 237, 239, 271, 280, 315, 333 barrow 1 144, 145, 148 barrow 12 110 barrow 15 161 Grooved Ware pits 73, 76, 77, 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 94 intercutting pits/pit scatter 67, 89, 93 linear mortuary structure 26, 28, 31 oval barrow 18, 19, 20-1, 25, 28, 271, 278, 301, 311 pond barrow 4866 119, 121, 128, 272, 315 ring ditch 201 140, 141 ring ditch 611 35, 37, 40-2, 44, 128, 271, 311 ring ditch 801 52 antler objects see picks; points; spatulae; tines apple remains 270,271 charred 73, 244, 246, 249, 273 aquatic macrofossil analysis, Daisy Banks Fen 267 aquatic pollen, Daisy Banks Fen 261, 262, 263 Armorica 328 arrowheads 7, 220, 315, 319, 320 barbed and tanged 15, 93, 218, 220, 228, 318 barrow 2 152 barrow 4A 154, 156, 315, 318 barrow 15 161, 162, 315 Beaker 'flat' graves 58, 59, 60, 63, 65, 223, 315, 318, 327 intercutting pits / pit scatter 93,94 ring ditch 201 . 136, 138, 139, 140, 242, 242, 243, 223, 315, 318, 327 chisel 15 Beaker 'flat' graves 60 cremation 802 49,52 Grooved Ware pits 85, 94, 97, 214, 220 intercutting pits/pit scatter 88,89 pond barrow 4583 53, 55, 55, 220 pond barrow 4866 119, 222, 127, 220, 315 ring ditch 801 48 leaf-shaped 20, 23, 25, 26, 224, 278, 315 oblique 109, 145, 147, 214, 220 transverse 67, 94, 109, 228, 319 art, passage grave 202,322 arthritis 124 pond barrow 4866 see also osteo-arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis 256,270 ash woodland 145, 187 Ashgrove, Fife xxiii, xxiv, 7 Ashmolean Museum, Oxford 234, 244, 274, 324, 325, 326 Ashville Trading Estate, Abingdon 3 Audlett Drive 17, 37, 44, 239 aurochs 110, 111, 272 barrow 12 322,326 Avebury, Wiltshire 296-7, 296 monument chronology 322 Avon-Severn valley 236,315 awls 188, 192 Beaker-associated 358 index bone Grooved Ware pits 73, 74-6, 81-2, 83, 84, 85, 235, 319 ring ditch 201 140, 143, 235 bronze 48, 49, 50, 99, 102, 106, 193, 283, 285, 330 barrow 2 149, 150, 152, 155, 289 barrow 16 162, 163, 165, 193, 234 ring ditch 201 136-8, 242, 188, 192, 234 metal: classification 188 axes flint 212,217,234,313 Grooved Ware pits 94, 97 intercutting pits/pit scatter 88, 89 linear mortuary structure 5352 29, 31, 224 tranchet axe sharpening flake, ring ditch 611 17, 40, 44 metal 187 Seamer 278 socketed (metal) 8,327 stone 7, 35, 40, 42, 77, 83, 202, 212, 217 and Grooved Ware 228, 229-33, 319 Ayton East Field, Yorkshire 224 Barbrook, Derbyshire 326 Barclodiady Gawres 202 Barford, Warwickshire 277 barley 244,256,270,271 Barnack, Cambridgeshire 187, 282, 290, 293 barrows barrow cemetery 6, 8 early discoveries 1 early excavation 6 barrow 1 133, 141-8, 244, 246, 148, 168, 206, 246, 289, 318 barrow form 314 early excavation 5, 6 funerary complex development 303, 304, 305, 307, 309 grave pit 11 131, 141^, 145, 147-8, 247-8, 176, 277, 178, 235, 241, 244-5, 285, 328 radiocarbon chronology 141-3, 188, 235, 285, 290, 333 barrow 2 3, 148, 149-52, 250, 253, 155, 159, 167, 171, 175, 277, 178, 241, 289, 290, 315, 318 barrow form 314 cremation pit 5351 148, 149, 252, 176 early excavation 5, 7, 11, 211 funerary complex development 303, 304, 305 gold foil cones 149-52, 153, 183-6, 195, 289, 318, 328 reuse 325 barrow 3 3, 150, 151, 152-3, 171, 175, 187, 193, 283, 289, 293, 318 barrow form 314 early excavation 7 funerary complex development 303, 304, 305 radiocarbon chronology 153, 290, 333 barrow 4 3, 250, 252, 152, 153, 154-5, 255, 168, 171, 176, 177 barrow form 314 early excavation 11 funerary complex development 303, 304, 305 barrow 4A 1, 3, 153-4, 254, 155, 156, 168, 173, 275, 204, 206, 239, 284, 288 barrow form 314, 318 Beaker burial 153, 154, 156, 324 deposition 313,314,315,318,329 funerary complex development 305 gold basket earrings 254, 155, 183-6, 195, 318, 324, 327 metalworkas grave goods 315 radiocarbon chronology 154, 183, 288, 304, 330, 333 barrow 5 3, 250, 156-7,158, 167, 325 barrow form 314 359 Barrow Hills, Radley, Volume 1 funerary complex development 305 barrow 6 ,.3, 157,158 barrow form 314 funerary complex development 305 barrow 7 3, 156, 157-9, 158, 172, 177, 314 barrow form 314 funerary complex development 305 barrow 8 3,329 barrow form 314 funerary complex development 303, 305 barrow 9 3,329 barrow form 314 funerary complex development 303, 305 barrow 10 3,329 barrow form 314 funerary complex development 303, 305 barrow 11 3, 259, 167, 171, 176, 177 barrow form 314 funerary complex development T 305 knife-dagger xxiii leather, possible xxiii stakeholes 314 barrow 12 ... 19, 35, 37, 44, 52, 94, 97-111, 204-9, 222, 222-24, 168, 274,176, 277, 209, 241, 243, 272, 281, 288, 315 barrow form 314 cremations Biconical Urns 99, 102, 222 cremation 606 99, 101, 102,206-7 cremation 614 101, 102, 204, 176, 178, 241, 246, 314 deposition 313-14, 329 early excavation 5, 6 flint.. 19, 99, 102, 206, 109-10, 209, 222, 223, 224, 212, 213, 214, 227 funerary complex development 303, 305, 307 grave 604 101, 102, 204, 207, 173, 315 grave 605 99-101, 102, 103, 106-7, 110, 131, 171, 176, 283, 285, 318 grave 607 99, 101, 102, 206-7, 109, 171, 173, 283, 284, 318 magnetometer survey 11, 13 pit 609 101, 102,315 pit 615 101 pit 616 101 pit 617 101 pit 618 101 pit 619 101 pit 620 101 pit 621 101 pit 624 99, 101,314 pits and posthole structures 314 pottery '. 19, 223, 198, 206, 208, 210, 319 radiocarbon chronology 99, 101, 209, 285, 286, 288, 289-90, 290, 293, 333 ring ditch 601 17, 97, 99, 103, 109, 110-11, 239, 241, 246 spatial organisation 315 see also ring ditch 602 barrow 13 52, 101, 102, 111-15, 224, 116-18, 119, 168, 208, 209, 210, 288 barrow form 314 early excavation 5, 6 features 402-13 111-15 funerary complex development 305, 307 later Bronze Age burials 167 magnetometer survey 11 pits and posthole structures 115, 314 ring ditch 401 111,115 barrow 14 258, 159-60, 260, 171, 172, 277, 208, 209, 314, 315, 328, 329 barrow form 314 360 index early excavation 3 funerary complex development 303, 305 stakeholes 314 barrow 15 1, 3, 160-2, 262, 168, 171, 175, 315, 318, 329 barrow form