Table of Contents Preface. xv About the Authors . xvii Section 1: ABO: The Birth of Blood Groups 1. Blood Groups—From Then ’Til Now . .1 Discovery . .1 Response and Reconsideration . .2 Beyond ABO . .4 M, N, and P . .5 Rh . .6 The Antiglobulin Test . .7 The Plot Thickens . .7 References . .8 2. Karl Landsteiner, Father of Blood Groups . .9 Beginnings . .9 Medical School . .11 The Young Researcher . .13 Priority Issues . .16 Decastello and Sturli: Another Blood Group . .18 Other Directions . .19 Life in Vienna . .21 References . .23 3. ABO Grows Up . .27 Transfusion History, 1600 to 1920 . .27 The Blood Groups Gain Attention . .29 Transfusion in World War I . .37 Advances in ABO Blood Group Serology . .39 References . .47 4. Genetics, Eugenics, and Blood Groups . .51 Heredity, 1900 . .52 The Rise of Genetics . .52 Genes and Blood Groups . .53 viii BLOODY BRILLIANT! Genes and Populations . 59 References . 62 5. Karl Landsteiner in New York . 65 At “The Rockefeller” . 65 Landsteiner Returns to the Blood Groups . 68 The Nobel Prize . 71 The Laureate at Work . 73 References . 74 6. Out, Damned Spot! Early Forensic Applications of ABO . 77 What Blood Can Tell . 78 Is It Blood? . 78 Is It Human Blood? . 79 Whose Blood Is It? . 81 References . 85 7. Who’s Your Daddy? ABO and Paternity Testing . 87 Establishing Paternity . 87 Paternity Testing and the Courts: Europe . 89 Paternity Testing and the Courts: Britain . 91 Paternity Testing and the Courts: United States . 92 Lights! Camera! Action! . ..