Gruppo CAP Case Study SUMMARY

FULL SCALE BIOREFINERY AND TERRITORIAL STRATEGY FOR RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REUSE The Gruppo CAP Case Study SUMMARY GRUPPO CAP FROM THE SUSTAINABILITY PLAN TO THE MASTER PLAN A LIVING LAB TO TRAIN OUR TEAMS FIRST OUTCOMES THE BIOREFINERY DIGITALIZATION AND NETWORKING AS ENABLERS CONCLUSIONS GRUPPO CAP Investments of the italian water utilities – benchmark 2017 Investiments on Investments <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">population </li><li style="flex:1">on revenues </li></ul>Medium/Big Water Utilities* 34 €/p.c. 22% CAP Holding 46 €/p.c 33% GRUPPO CAP - SUSTAINABILITY PLAN 2033 <a href="/goto?url=https://sostenibilita.gruppocap.it/application/files/5515/5964/3927/CAP_Piano_sostenibilita_2033.pdf" target="_blank">https://sostenibilita.gruppocap.it/application/files/5515/5964/3927/CAP_Piano_sostenibilita_2033.pdf </a>THE MASTER PLAN ▪▪Gruppo CAP provides municipal water and wastewater services to over 2 million inhabitants, producing in 61 waste-water treatment plants where almost 80.000 ton/year dewatered sludge is produced. Biopolimeri PHA (ton/anno) Fosforo come struvite (ton/anno) Totale GRUPPO CAP Peschiera B. Sesto S.G. Robecco Bresso In such a scenario Gruppo CAP can and wants to deliver a circular economy approach. To this aim Gruppo CAP has defined a territorial Master Plan to implement eco-innovative and energy-efficient solutions to ▪renovate and innovate existing wastewater treatment Pero plants ▪close the circular value chain by applying low-carbon techniques to recover materials that are otherwise lost. <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">0</li><li style="flex:1">500 </li><li style="flex:1">1000 1500 </li></ul>▪The existing municipal wastewater treatment plants can be renovated and integrated to become multipurpose urban biorefineries that serve the citizens to treat and valorize municipal waste streams, such as wastewaters and organic waste, towards a coherent urban strategy ▪ In order to include leading edge sustainable solutions, the Master Plan (50 M€ budget) considers synergic interaction with large ongoing European Horizon2020 innovation actions, such as the “SMART-Plant” and the “Digital Water Cities” projects ▪ Existing anaerobic digesters will be valorized towards the best exploitation of the existing reaction volumes, industrial symbiosis opportunities will be explored in order to provide better and cheaper services to our customers THE NETWORK – OUR PLANTS <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Bresso </li><li style="flex:1">Sesto San Giovanni </li></ul>Turbigo <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Perform Water 2030 </li><li style="flex:1">Perform Water 2030 </li></ul>Industrial effluents CHP and biomethane Thermal valorization of sewage sludge and P-recovery Truccazzano Anaerobic digestion for organic matters Anaerobic digestion for organic matters CHP and biomethane Pero Anaerobic digestion for organic matters + VFA Grit and sands valorization CHP and biomethane Perform Water 2030 Heating distrcits Idroscalo – research center Anaerobic digestion for organic matters Perform Water 2030 Peschiera Settala Fertilizers CHP Robecco Fertilizers Grit and sands valorization San Giuliano Bareggio Rozzano Perform Water 2030 Anaerobic digestion for organic matters Solar Fertilizers Trezzano CHP Solar 6THE NETWORK – PERFORM WATER 2030 LIVING LAB <a href="/goto?url=http://www.performwater2030.it/" target="_blank">http://www.performwater2030.it </a>WORKING PACKAGES - ENERGY <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">2019 </li><li style="flex:1">2018 </li><li style="flex:1">2017 </li></ul>ROBECCO BRESSO 4.564.839 kwh produced 6% of the WWTP consumption COGENERATION SESTO PESCHIERA 13.000 MWh estimated production PERO PERO DISTRICT HEATING BRESSO Bresso 558 cars (15.000 km/y) BIOMETHANE Pero 340 cars TREZZANO BAREGGIO 217.840 kWh produced (estimation 2019) PHOTOVOLTAICS 6% of the WWTP consumption WORKING PACKAGES: NUTRIENTS LINEA DI AZIONE VFA 2020 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">2019 </li><li style="flex:1">2017/2018 </li></ul>Conversion of existing volume (thickeners) -> Sludge fermentation: 1ton VFA/d (Sesto) + 1ton VFA/d (Robecco) to be resued in substitution of C (moving towards SCENA-SMART PLANT process) SESTO ROBECCO From biogas desulphurisation -> 1500 kgS/year Ongoing test for concentration and recovery BRESSO SULPHUR RECOVERY PESCHIERA ROZZANO 28% of our sludge in 2018 became compost (mixed with garden waste) or fertilizer (calcium carbonate) SAN <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">GIULIANO </li><li style="flex:1">FROM SLUDGE TO </li></ul>FERTILIZERS 69.268.550 m3/year (21.8% total vol) REUSED WASTEWATER 15 PLANTS 2 plants direct reuse for agricultural and civil purpose (street washing trucks) 13 plant indirect agricultural water reuse But…..what about phosphorus? PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY IN THE CAP AREA ▪ The average concentration of phosphorus in the sewage sludge produced in Lombardy is 2.10% (as Ptot), in line with the value of the 75th percentile of the sample on a national scale. ▪ The average ash fraction in the sludge of the same sample is about 30%, leading to an estimate of 7% Ptot in sludge ashes or 16% as P2O5. ▪ In Italy, almost all wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) do not operate biological phosphorus removal -> low phosphate content in centrate (30-60 mgP/L) ▪ In Italy, 98% of the wastewater plants are under 100.000 PE ▪ There are two main reasons that make phosphorus recovery from the water line less attractive in Italy if compared to other typical situations in Northern Europe: – Firstly, in the WWTPs considered, influent P concentration is about 4-5 mg/l, lower than the reference system considered for the assessments in Northern Europe WWTPs, usually about 8-9 mg/l. – Secondly, the use of iron and aluminium salts for the chemical precipitation of phosphorus is widely used. Source: R. Canziani and R. Di Cosmo 2018 - STATO DELL’ARTE E POTENZIALITÀ DELLE TECNOLOGIE DI RECUPERO DEL FOSFORO DAI FANGHI DI DEPURAZIONE – Ingegneria dell’Ambiente vol 5 3/2018 SLUDGE DISPOSAL STRATEGIES ▪ From 2016 we have redesigned our strategies <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">DESTINATION </li><li style="flex:1">2015 </li><li style="flex:1">2016 </li><li style="flex:1">2017 </li><li style="flex:1">2018 </li></ul>with a «zero-landfill» approach. AGRICOLTURE LANDFILL CEMENT INDUSTRY FERTILIZERS 56,0% 40,0% 4,0% 77,4% 16,2% 2,3% 69,7% 1,1% 4,7% 51,1% 1,3% 3,6% ▪ From July 2016, due to some market negative externalities, we have pushed on sludge to fertilizers solutions increasing, at the same time, sludge co-incineration. <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">0,0% </li><li style="flex:1">0,0% </li><li style="flex:1">5,0% </li><li style="flex:1">28,1% </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">15,9% </li><li style="flex:1">CO-INCINERATION </li><li style="flex:1">0,0% </li><li style="flex:1">4,1% </li><li style="flex:1">19,4% </li></ul>DESTINATION 100,0% 50,0% 0,0% ▪ From 2017, sludge disposal in landfills is < 1,5% ▪ 8 changes in legislation in less than 4 years… <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">2015 </li><li style="flex:1">2016 </li><li style="flex:1">2017 </li><li style="flex:1">2018 - budget </li></ul>▪ Disposal costs are increasing <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">RECUPERO </li><li style="flex:1">SMALTIMENTO </li><li style="flex:1">PRODOTTO </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">90 000 </li><li style="flex:1">140 </li></ul>130 120 110 100 90 ▪ Unit costs by destination are now flat with no correlation with potential nutrients/energy recovery opportunities 129 80 000 70 000 60 000 50 000 40 000 30 000 20 000 10 000 -109 100 94 84 80 75 70 60 ▪ From 2018 several water utilities have started sending sludges to other EU countries (200 €/ton) 50 40 30 20 10 -▪ How long would it be sustainable without new strategies? SLUDGE PRODUCTION (ton/year) Average cost (€/ton) THE BIOREFINERY OBJECTIVE Transforming the existing municipal waste incineration plant into a biorefinery for sludge (65.000 ton/y) and OFMSW (30.000 ton/y) treatment and for nutrients/energy recovery THE OPPORTUNITY 6000 t/y digestate to compost 30.000 t/y OFMSW 62.000 t/y sludge + 3.000 t/y dried sludge 220 mc/h biomethane PCI mix: 3’120 kJ/kg tq 6240 t/y ashes 4.800 MWh/y el. 27.600 MWh heat (district heating) POSITIVE EFFECT ON SLUDGE DISPOSAL COSTS Mercato estero - hp no agricoltura Mercato esterno - hp 2019 Outsourcing Sludge 2018 - budget realistico Internalization (fluidized bed) Internalizzazione <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">0</li><li style="flex:1">20 </li><li style="flex:1">40 </li><li style="flex:1">60 </li><li style="flex:1">80 </li><li style="flex:1">100 120 140 </li></ul>2018 - budget realistico Mercato esterno - Mercato estero - hp Internalizzazione hp 2019 0no agricoltura 129 CAPEX OPEX 53 41 0<ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">100 </li><li style="flex:1">109 </li></ul>€/ton …and on valorizations costs of OFMSW thanks to the reuse of existing anaerobic digesters and of the existing effluents treatment capacity (-15/20% vs market) POSITIVE EFFECT ON the ENVIRONMENT - LCA A REAL OPPORTUNITY FOR P-RECOVERY – Water Stream ▪ Integrated treatment of sewage and OFMSW: ▪ 40 tonP/y of phosphorus as struvite (compared to 6 tonP/year with only sludges) ▪ The VFA plant (from primary and excess sludge) is under commissioning ▪ 160-180 tCOD/y of organic chemical (VFA) for denitrification/biological phosphorus removal in water line + 110-130 tonCOD/year for supernatant ▪ SCENA plant realization by the end of 2020 -> designed both for sludge and OFMSW supernatant treatment ▪ Still looking for a partner for a struvite demonstration plant… AN OPPORTUNITY FOR P-RECOVERY? – Sludge Stream 62.000 t/year dewatered sludges Drier (24% TS) Phosphorus recovery technologies still to be assessed ASHES + + (6.800 ton/y ) 500 tonP/year? Fluidised bed reactor 3.000 t/year dried sludges (90% TS) VALUE CHAIN STILL TO BE DEFINED Legislation and Raw materials Treatment and extraction End use other initiatives ▪ Need for centralized treatment plants (sludge mono- ▪ STRUBIAS <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">▪ Is the CAP project «big» enough to </li><li style="flex:1">▪ End-users still to be </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ensure profitability? </li><li style="flex:1">involved in Italy </li></ul>▪ Organic fertilzers <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">regulation </li><li style="flex:1">▪ Which is the most suitable </li></ul>incineration and WWTP+OFMSW still to be developed in Italy) technical solution for the CAP case ▪ Italian Phosphorus <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">platform </li><li style="flex:1">▪ Which is the best business model? </li></ul>▪ Decentralized P-extraction plants? ▪ Real productivity to be assess trough pilots ▪ One unique regional platform? ▪ Export of ashes? TIME SCHEDULE December 2016 July 2018 MOU Preliminary design and investment approved by Authority December 2018 - GO from municipalities Stakeholders engagement September 2018 - December 2019 Detailed design and permits December 2020 Works Commencement date June 2020 Tendering November 2022 – OFMSW November 2023 - Sludge treatment We believe in Citizens participation <a href="/goto?url=http://www.biopiattaformalab.it/" target="_blank">http://www.biopiattaformalab.it/ </a>DIGITALIZATION AND EUROPEAN NETWORKING AS ENABLER •Call H2020-SC5-11-2018 «Digital solutions for water: linking the physical and digital world for water solutions» •••Project duration: 42 months Start date: June 2019 Partnership: 23 + 1 (Coordinator) partners DWC will create new linkages between the digital and the physical world by developing, deploying, assessing and bringing to the market a panel of 18 advanced tailor-made data and digital technologies for integrated water management. DWC digital solutions will be deployed in five major European urban and periurban areas, Berlin, Milan, Copenhagen, Paris and Sofia, representing about 30 million inhabitants, i.e. 6% of Europe’s population, facing common issues concerning water and wastewater management and digitization. <a href="/goto?url=https://sc5.easme-web.eu/?p=820954" target="_blank">https://sc5.easme-web.eu/?p=820954 </a>DIGITALIZATION AND EUROPEAN NETWORKING AS ENABLER MILAN demo site City leader: CAP Holding City objectives: #1 Safe water reuse in peri-urban areas #2 Improved water-food-energy-nexus management #3 Mobile tools for enhanced water demand and supply match-making Where? In Milan Peschiera Borromeo WWTP (overall treatment capacity 516,000 P.E. including 250,000 P.E. for the second treatment line which will be used for reuse purposes; area of the WWTP catchment: 2,230 ha) What? ➢DWC will deploy a comprehensive network of multi-parameter sensors to monitor the contamination risk of water reuse in the Milan Peschiera Borromeo WWTP including sensors for real-time in-situ E.coli and enterococci measurements, tested for the first time on a reuse operation in Europe. ➢➢DWC will further deploy a new drone unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) together with a conventional sensor network to monitor effects of water stress in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The newly gained real-time knowledge will be used to build up an early warning system to inform stakeholders and prevent microbial and toxic contamination linked to water reuse and to provide a serious game raising public awareness on environmental footprint ➢➢Available data and early warning signals will be integrated into the WebGIS platform ‘Acque di Lombardia’ for the Peschiera Borromeo WWTP catchment. The WebGIS will foster stakeholder engagement and support informed decision on water reuse allocation and will be used in a new interoperable match-making ICT platform to link water demand for irrigation and safe water availability and quality. <a href="/goto?url=https://sc5.easme-web.eu/?p=820954" target="_blank">https://sc5.easme-web.eu/?p=820954 </a>CONCLUSIONS ▪ Italy and Italian water utilities are looking for “adapted” comparative cost estimations of phosphorus recovery technologies (both on sludge or ashes) in order to “initiate” the P-recovery market; ▪ As Gruppo Cap we are ready to host initiatives and pilots to support Regional /National strategies and regulation; ▪ Sizes and economies of scale matter, we need networking and pioneers ▪ We believe that a revision of the End of Waste legislation will support circular economy strategies <a href="/goto?url=http://www.gruppocap.it" target="_blank">www.gruppocap.it </a>

Gruppo CAP Case Study SUMMARY

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