26 Britton Street Clerkenwell, London Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Ref: 117430.01 July 2017 wessexarchaeology 26 Britton Street Clerkenwell, London Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Prepared for: The Cloud and Compass Ltd 26 Britton Street Clerkenwell London EC1M 5UB Prepared by: Wessex Archaeology 69 College Road Maidstone ME15 6SX www.wessexarch.co.uk August 2017 117430.01 © Wessex Archaeology Ltd 2017, all rights reserved Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a Registered Charity No. 287786 (England & Wales) and SC042630 (Scotland) 26 Britton Street, Clerkenwell, London Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Quality Assurance Project Code 117430 Accession Client Code Ref. Planning Ordnance Survey 531643, 181980 Application (OS) national grid Ref. reference (NGR) Versio Status* Prepared by Checked and Approver’s Signature Date n Approved By v01 I TP MK File: \\192.168.2.5\wessex\TENDERS\T23516\_Re V1.docx V02 I/E TP MW File: R:\PROJECTS\117430\_Reports\v2\117430_ V03 I/E TP MK File: R:\PROJECTS\117430\_Reports\V3\117430_26BrittonSteet_DBA_TP_V3.docx File: File: * I = Internal Draft; E = External Draft; F = Final DISCLAIMER THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT WAS DESIGNED AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF A REPORT TO AN INDIVIDUAL CLIENT AND WAS PREPARED SOLELY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THAT CLIENT. THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT DOES NOT NECESSARILY STAND ON ITS OWN AND IS NOT INTENDED TO NOR SHOULD IT BE RELIED UPON BY ANY THIRD PARTY. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW WESSEX ARCHAEOLOGY WILL NOT BE LIABLE BY REASON OF BREACH OF CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE (WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL) OCCASIONED TO ANY PERSON ACTING OR OMITTING TO ACT OR REFRAINING FROM ACTING IN RELIANCE UPON THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARISING FROM OR CONNECTED WITH ANY ERROR OR OMISSION IN THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THE REPORT. LOSS OR DAMAGE AS REFERRED TO ABOVE SHALL BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE, BUT IS NOT LIMITED TO, ANY LOSS OF PROFITS OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS DAMAGE TO REPUTATION OR GOODWILL LOSS OF BUSINESS OR ANTICIPATED BUSINESS DAMAGES COSTS EXPENSES INCURRED OR PAYABLE TO ANY THIRD PARTY (IN ALL CASES WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL) OR ANY OTHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE. 26 Britton Street, Clerkenwell, London Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment 26 Britton Street Clerkenwell, London Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Contents Summary ........................................................................................................................................ iv Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... vi 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project background ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The Site ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Development proposals ..................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Scope of document ........................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Aims .................................................................................................................................. 2 2 PLANNING BACKGROUND ............................................................................................ 2 2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Designated heritage assets ............................................................................................... 2 2.3 National Planning Policy Framework ................................................................................. 3 2.4 Local planning policy ......................................................................................................... 4 2.5 Supplementary planning guidance .................................................................................... 4 3 METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 4 3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Study Area ........................................................................................................................ 4 3.3 Sources ............................................................................................................................. 4 3.4 Site visit ............................................................................................................................. 5 3.5 Assessment criteria- Significance ...................................................................................... 5 3.6 Setting assessment ........................................................................................................... 6 3.7 Assumptions and limitations .............................................................................................. 7 3.8 Copyright ........................................................................................................................... 7 4 BASELINE RESOURCE ................................................................................................... 8 4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 8 4.2 Designated heritage assets ............................................................................................... 8 Site ........................................................................................................................... 8 Study Area ............................................................................................................... 8 4.3 Locally listed heritage assets ............................................................................................. 9 4.4 Previous studies ................................................................................................................ 9 Site ........................................................................................................................... 9 Study Area ............................................................................................................... 9 i WA Project No. 117430.01 26 Britton Street, Clerkenwell, London Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment 4.5 Archaeological Priority Areas ............................................................................................ 9 4.6 Archaeological and historical context ................................................................................ 9 Prehistoric (970,000 BC – AD 43) .......................................................................... 10 Romano-British (AD 43 – 410) ............................................................................... 10 Anglo-Saxon (AD 410 – 1066) ................................................................................ 11 Medieval (AD 1066 – 1500) .................................................................................... 11 Inner Precinct of the Priory of the Order of Hospital of St John of Jerusalem (WA79)13 Outer Precinct of the Priory of the Order of Hospital of St John of Jerusalem (WA67)14 Charterhouse Precinct (WA04) .............................................................................. 14 Post-medieval (AD 1500 – 1800) ........................................................................... 15 19th Century (AD 1800 – 1900) and modern .......................................................... 18 Undated ................................................................................................................. 19 Historic Map Regression ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.7 Assessment of archaeological survival and previous impacts .......................................... 20 5 POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS- PHYSICAL EFFECTS .................................. 20 5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 20 5.2 Summary of known and potential historic environment resource ..................................... 20 5.3 Statement of potential impact .......................................................................................... 24 Designated heritage assets .................................................................................... 24 Archaeological remains .......................................................................................... 24 6 POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS- NON-PHYSICAL EFFECTS ......................... 24 6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 24 6.2 Scoping exercise ............................................................................................................. 24 6.3 Mountford House (LLB01) ............................................................................................... 25 The asset and its setting ........................................................................................ 25 Contribution