This document and its content is the property of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] and is strictly confidential. It shall not be communicated to any third party without the written consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. Natters, 15.05.2014 Rolf Nicolay European ARIANE Launcher The Futureofthe Table of Content tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. • Ariane History ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri • Present Situation • Present Issues rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly • The Future the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st This This and itsdocument contentis 19 May 2014 2 History of the ARIANE Launcher from ARIANE 1 to ARIANE 5 • ARIANE (1) was developed after ELDO nonsuccess in the seventies tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. • Maiden flight of this Launcher on 24.12.1979 !! • Launcher was progressively further developed to ARIANE 2, 3 and finally ARIANE 4 ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri • First flight of ARIANE 4 in 1988 • Decision for ARIANE 5 was taken mid 80ties in a threefold context – Development of the Columbus Module for the ISS rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly – Development of the HERMES shuttle to enable independent access to space also for manned flight – Development of the ARANE 5 as the launcher for HERMES • After the death of HERMES, ARIANE 5 was considered to serve for satellite the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st launching solely, thus leading to the dual launch strategy • First successful flight on 30.10.1997 This This and itsdocument contentis • Launcher now since more than 16 years in operational service • ARIANE 4 ceased in 2003 19 May 2014 3 History of the ARIANE Launcher Bölkow MBB DASA EADS Vinci, Ariane 5 RS-72 upper stage 1st hydrogen HM-7/B engine ram jet engine in Ariane 4 Europe hypersonic upper stage engineering tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. HM-7 engine Ariane 4 upper stage 2000 2006 1st pulsed hydrogen engine in Europe December 1992 27 kN engine Eldo upper stage ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri 1st fluor engine LOX/H2 or HC Staged in Europe Combustion Engine st 1 staged Ariane 5 upper combustion December 1972 stage EPS with cycle P111 Aestus engine Ariane 4 1970 1966/1967 Ariane 3 Ariane 5 rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly 201X Roll control system (SCA) st Foundation 1 flight of November 1963 of the „Entwick- the Europa 1 Ariane 1 lungsring Süd“ upper stage (development ring south) 1959 400 N bipro- pellant engine for postioning the Eldo st 1 hydrogen upper stage Vulcain 2 EPC engine in Europe Vulcain the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st EPC A5 A5-ECA June 1968 This This and itsdocument contentis December 1966 1966/1967 Hydrogen high pressure Maiden flight Aug. 1984 June 1988 October 1997 thrust chamber (280 bar) Dec. 1979 19 May 2014 4 Present Situation ARIANE Family today • Original ARIANE 5 EPS featuring: tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. – VULCAIN engine – EPS upper stage with AESTUS engine – Central main stage with initial stage mixture ratio ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri – Payload capacity (dual launch) of 6 tons • ARIANE 5 EPS was evolved to ARIANE 5 ECA featuring: rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly – VULCAIN 2 engine – New ESCA upper stage with HM7 engine – Central main stage with increased stage mixture ratio – Upgrade of solid boosters the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st – Payload capacity 9,5 tons • ARIANE 5 ES is the combination of: – Central Main stage in ECA configuration This This and itsdocument contentis – Upper stage EPS , requalified for reignition 19 May 2014 5 Present Situation Entire European Launcher Family today tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly Ariane 5 ES Ariane 5 Soyuz ECA Vega Pictures courtesy of ARIANESPACE the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st GTO performance (dual launch) 6 t 9.5 t 3 t LEO performance This This and itsdocument contentis > 20 t 2.5 t / 5 t 1.5 t 300 km – 51.6° 1,400 km 700 km 19 May 2014 6 Present Situation Main contractors today tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. RUAG Ariane 5 ES NOSE FAIRING Special missions RUAG (ATV, Galileo...) CASA ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri Astrium ST Payload adapter SYLDA SNECMA Astrium ST HM7B engine VEB rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly Astrium ST ESC-A EUROPROPULSION Solid motor Astrium ST EPC Astrium ST EPS the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st Aestus engine Astrium ST SNECMA EAP Vulcain 2 engine This This and itsdocument contentis 19 May 2014 7 Present Situation AIRBUS DS Ottobrunn Contribution today (Ottobrunn) is in charge of Key Components in tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. the Propulsion System of the Ariane 5 ECA / ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri Aestus engine upper ES stage EPS HM7B Thrust Chamber Upper stage ESC-A rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly Attitude control system- SCA the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st Vulcain Thrust Chambers – Central Cryogenic Valves – Central Stage This This and itsdocument contentis Stage 19 May 2014 8 Present Situation Economical figures and challenges tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. • ARIANESPACE order book is filled with (status 02/2014) – Total 20 A5 launches (18 ECA and 2 ES) – Total 9 Soyuz launches ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri – Total 6 VEGA launches • Figure represents more than 3 years of business rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly • However the following challenges exist (ARIANE 5) – Increasing price pressure especially in the small satellite market – Increasing difficulty to match two satellites the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st – Still increasing satellites masses This This and itsdocument contentis • Necessity to counteract in time to stay competitive 19 May 2014 9 Preparing the Future Threefold rational for the Future tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. • The following scenario counteracts the upcoming challenges • Short term: ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri – Increase ARIANE 5 ECA competiveness now • Mid Term: rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly – Make ARIANE 5 ME available • Long Term: the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st – Develop ARIANE 6 as quick as possible This This and itsdocument contentis 19 May 2014 10 Preparing the Future Short Term Competiveness Increase tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. ARIANESPACE Statements: *) • Increased competition in GTO leave no other option than to decrease Ariane 5 launch prices on the small satellites market segment to maintain the launch ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri rate (6 per year in average) – Ariane 5 record quality, reliability and availability are considerable assets to be maintained and valued but not sufficient to avoid adaptation to competition rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly • A price reduction is only possible if a cost reduction is achieved from launch vehicle production to operation costs the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st This This and itsdocument contentis *) at the occasion of the DLR propulsion day in LAMPOLDSHAUSEN, 02/2014 19 May 2014 11 Preparing the Future Mid Term Evolution Program (ME) • ARIANE 5 ME is presently under development featuring: tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. – A new cryogenic upper stage with 28 tons propellant loading – A new upper stage engine (VINCI) of the expander cycle type – Multiple boost phases interrupted by ballistic coast phases of up to six hours ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri – Unchanged central stage and boosters – Payload increase to 11 tons net – Considered satellites masses of 4,5 tons (in lower position) and 6,5 tons (in upper position) rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly • Unchanged recurring price in comparison to ARIANE 5 ECA required • Availability of Launcher required for 2018 the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st • Main challenges are • Budget consolidation • Compliance to schedule This This and itsdocument contentis • Transition with A5 ECA by keeping launch rate to 6 (launch facilities adaption, stage testing in Europe) 19 May 2014 12 Preparing the Future Long Term Solution ARIANE 6 • ARIANE 5 ME has been decided on the ministerial tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH]. conference 2012. Its configuration is described as follows: – So called PPH launcher comprising Two stages of solid propellants Two strap on boosters (solid as well) ted to any ted any tothird party without the wri Liquid third stage (utmost communality with ME stage) – The concept allows to answer to the entire GTO market in a flexible way (using dual launch for small satellites) rictly confidential. It shall not be communica be not shall It confidential. rictly – Re-ignitable upper stage – Payload increase up to 8 tons the property Astriumofproperty [Ltd/SAS/GmbH] the and is st • Recurring price for entire launch stipulated to 70 M€ This This and itsdocument contentis • Availability of Launcher required for 2021/2022 19 May 2014 13 Preparing the Future Long Term Solution ARIANE 6 • Main Challenges: tten consent of Astrium [Ltd/SAS/GmbH].