Notes Introduction 1. Herbert Marcuse, One Dimensional Man: Ideology of Advanced Industrial soci- ety (Boston: Beacon Press, 1991). 2. Manfred B. Steger, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003). 3. Joseph Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents (New York: W. W. Norton, 2002); Charles Derber, People before Profit (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2002); Leslie Sklair, Globalization: Capitalism and Its Alternatives (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); George Ritzer, McDonaldization of Society (Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press, 1996). 4. See Jagdish Bhagwati, In Defense of Globalization (New York: Oxford Univer- sity Press, 2004); Martin Wolf, Why Globalization Works (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004); Joseph Stiglitz, Making Globalization Work (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006); and Pete Engardio, ed., Chindia: How China and India Are Revolutionizing Global Business (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007). 5. Alex MacGillivray, A Brief History of Globalization (New York: Carroll and Graff Publishers, 2006). 6. David Held and Anthony McGrew, Globalization/Anti-Globalization (Cam- bridge, UK: Polity Press, 2002). 7. Nayan Chandra, Bound Together (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007). 8. See, for example, works cited in Note 2 and Note 3. 9. George Ritter’s later commentary, The Globalization of Nothing (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication, 2004), also falls into this category of literature. 10. Thomas Friedman, The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Cen- tury (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006). 11. Matt Taibbi, “The Flathead Genius of Thomas L. Friedman, https://www .byliner.com/matt-taibbi/stories/flathead 12. Aqueil Ahmad, “The World is (Not) Flat—A Critique of Tom Friedman’s The World Is Flat,” Globalization volume 7, issue 1, http://globalization.icaap.org/ content/v7.1/ahmad.html. 13. Steger, Globalization. 14. For this line of thinking, check the following sources: Jeffrey A. Bader, “Chi- na’s Emergence and Its Implications for the United States,” presentation at the Brookings Council, The Brookings Institution, February 14, 2006, http://www .brookings.edu/views/speeches/bader/20060214.htm}; William R. Hawkins, 248 NOTES American Weakness, Chinese Strength. ForntPageMagazine.com, Wednesday, May 27, 2009; Tom Barry, “The Expanding Anti-Immigration Bandwagon,” International Relations Center, August 11, 2006, http://rightweb.irconline .org/articles/display/The_Expanding_Anti-Immigration_Bandwagon. 15. See, for example, John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism (London: Granta Books, 1998); Joseph Stiglitz, “Globalism’s Discontents,” http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Global_Economy/Globalisms_Discontents .html. 16. Aqueil Ahmad, “Globalization, Without Global Consciousness,” Humanity & Society 27, no. 2 (May 2003): 125–42. 17. Friedman, The World Is Flat. 18. Humayun Kabir, ed., Rabindranath Tagore: Towards Universal Man (New Delhi: Asia Publishing House, 1961); Aqueil Ahmad, “Can Science Lead the Way?— Profile of the Universal Man,” Journal of Human Relations 20 (1972): 14–29. 19. Kabir, Rabindranath Tagore, 32–33. 20. Ahmad, “Globalization, Without Global Consciousness,” 132. 21. Edward Said, “The Clash of Ignorance,” The Nation, October 22, 2001, 11–13. 22. In the middle of 1986, I tried calling my home in Aligarh, India, from Islam- abad, the capital of Pakistan, while my father lay critically ill. Despite week- long frantic efforts, even high-level interventions from our Pakistani hosts, the call did not go through. Only after reaching home ten days later did I find that my father had died while I was in Islamabad. Mobile phones make that sound like the eighteenth century. 23. Marshal McLuhan, The Global Village: Transformations in World Life and Media in the 21st Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989); Donella H. Meadows et al., The Limits to Growth: A Report for the Club of Rome’s Proj- ect on the Predicament of Mankind (New York: Universe Books, 1972); Miha- jlo Mesorovic and Eduard Pestel, Mankind at the Turning Point: The Second Report to the Club of Rome (New York: Dutton, 1974); Alvin Toffler, Third Wave (New York: Morrow, 1980). Chapter 1 1. Ludwig von Bertalanffy, General Systems Theory: Foundations, Development, Application (New York: G. Braziller, 1969). 2. Talcott Parsons, The Social System (Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1951); Kenneth Boulding, The Social System of the Planet Earth (Reading, MA: Addison- Wesley, 1980). 3. See, for example, Danny Burns, Systemic Action Research: A Strategy for Whole System Change (Bristol, UK: Policy Press, 2007); William Pasmore, Designing Effective Organizations: The Sociotechnical Systems Perspective (New York: Wiley, 1988); Robert L. Morasky, Behavioral Systems (New York: Praeger, 1982). 4. See David M. Newman, Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday Life (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2006), 170–71. NOTES 249 5. M. Francis Abraham, Perspectives on Modernization: Toward a General Theory of Third World Development (Washington, DC: University Press of America, 1980). 6. Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, and Scott Lash, Reflexive Modernization: Poli- tics, Traditions, and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order (Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 1994). 7. Marion Levy, Modernization and the Structure of Societies, Vol. 1 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1966); Bret L. Billet, Modernization Theory and Economic Development: Discontent in the Developing World (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1993); Anthony Giddens, The Consequences of Modernity (Cam- bridge, UK: Polity Press, 1991). 8. W. W. Rostow, The Process of Economic Growth (New York: W. W. Norton, 1962); Lloyd G. Reynolds, “The Spread of Economic Growth in the Third World: 1850–1980,” Journal of Economic Literature (21, 3, 1983, 941–80). 9. For further details on social contract theory, see David Braybrooke, “The Insoluble Problem of the Social Contract,” Dialogue 15, no. 1 (1976): 3–37; Jean Hampton, Hobbes and the Social Contract Tradition (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1986). 10. Parsons, The Social System. 11. Émile Durkheim, The Division of Labor in Society, translated by W. D. Halls (New York: Macmillan, 1984); Mustafa Emirbayer, ed., Durkheim: Sociologist of Modernity (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2003). 12. Peter L. Berger and T. Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1966); Joel M. Charon, Symbolic Interactionism: An Introduction, an Interpretation, and Integration (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pear- son Prentice Hall, 2007); John P. Hewitt, Self and Society: A Symbolic Interac- tionist Social Psychology (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1984). 13. Charles Harper, Exploring Social Change: America and the World (Upper Sad- dle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007). 14. H. H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills, trans. and ed., From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology (New York: Oxford University Press, 1958). 15. Ferdinand Tonnies, Community and Society (Ann Arbor, MI: Michigan Uni- versity Press, 1995). 16. See Arif Dirlick, Global Modernity: Modernity in the Age of Global Capitalism (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2007). 17. Harper, Exploring Social Change, chapter 12. 18. See for example, Andre Gunder Frank, Crisis in the World Economy (London: Heineman, 1980); Samir Amin, Imperialism and Unequal Development (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1977); B. N. Ghosh, Dependency Theory Revisited (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001). 19. Andre Gunder Frank and Barry Gills, eds., The World System: Five Thousand Years or Five Hundred? (New York: Routledge, 1993). 20. Samir Amin, Capitalism in the Age of Globalization (London: Zed Books, 1997), xii. 21. Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World System (New York: Academic Press, 1974); World Inequality: Origins of and Perspectives on the World Systems 250 NOTES (Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1975); and World-Systems Analysis: An Intro- duction (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004). 22. Christopher Chase-Dunn and Salvatore Babones, Global Social Change: His- torical and Social Perspectives (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006). See also Paul Baron, The Political Economy of Growth (New York: Monthly Press Review, 1957); Alvin Y. So, The South China Silk District: Local Historical Transformation and World-System Theory (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1986); Leslie Sklair, Sociology of the Global System (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995). 23. Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto (New York: Penguin Books, 2006). See also Ralf Dahrendorf, Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1959); C. Wright Mills, The Power Elite (New York: Oxford University Press, 1956); C. Wright Mills, The Marxists (New York: Dell, 1962). 24. D. Stanley Eitzen and Maxine Baca Zinn, Globalization: Transformation of Social Worlds (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thomson, 2006). 25. See, for example, Fareed Zakaria, The Post-American World (New York: W. W. Norton, 2011). 26. Immanuel Wallerstein, “Robinson’s Critical Appraisal Appraised,” Interna- tional Sociology 27, no. 4 (July 2012): 524–28. 27. See Immanuel Wallerstein, World Inequality and World-Systems Analysis; Joseph Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents (New York: W. W. Norton, 2002). 28. Irving L. Horowitz, Three Worlds of Development: The Theory and Practice of International Stratification (New York: Oxford University Press, 1972). 29. See David Slater, Geopolitics and the Post-Colonial: Rethinking North-South Relations (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2004).