OCT 1951 SI SPECULUM PLACET, INSPICE SPECULUM THE JOURNAL OF THE Melbourne Medical Student's Society "Speculum" is published for private circulation among members of the M.S.S. Copies are not supplied to non-members of the Society. EDITORS M. D. GROUNDS K. A. GRABAU G. McKENZIE Business Manager E. SINCLAIR CONTENTS Pad EDITORIAL 7 PROFESSOR MacCALLUM 8 PROFESSOR E. J. KING 9 PROFESSOR S. L. TOWNSEND 10 Dr. J. A. LARWILL 10 LYSENKO — RIGHT OR WRONG . W. SCHNUR AND C. PRINGLE 12 NEW DEAL FOR JUNIOR R.M.O.'s P. W. GRAHAM 25 PANDEMIC PROF. S. D. RUBBO 30 A CHRISTIAN MEDICAL SCHOOL IN INDIA PROF. E. W. GAULT 33 TWO NEW RELIGIONS 38 MEDICAL SERVICE IN NEW GUINEA 40 CHILD WELFARE IN NEW GUINEA—Some Comments C. W. BAIRD, B.Sc. 41 THE WOMEN'S HOSPITAL 43 PSYCHOLOGY AND SICKNESS F. E. EMERY, M.A. 47 CHINESE SPIRITUALIST MEDICINE TUNG SLEW YOON 51 RESEARCH NOTES 53 BOOK REVIEWS 57 M.S.S. NOTES 59 YEAR NOTES 60 SPORTS NOTES SPICULA 7 1 SPECULUM 7 EDITORIAL Speculum is an unusual magazine. There The present editors do not want to write are few other medical magazines which learned articles,* and the contributions to exclude articles on the anabolic effects of other magazines show that very few testosterone on the premature baby. There undergraduates do. are few whose back pages are so popular. Others criticise the political nature of our We have heard criticisms of both these articles. We questioned a group of friends characteristcs of the magazine. Criticism on this matter, and they were unanimous of Spicula we refer to 1950's M.U.M., which in saying that Politics should be out. But neatly summarises the Spicula Controvery none of them classed one article in the past of 1949, and to the Speculum of November, three issues as political. They considered 1 949, where the matter is ably debated. that "political" articles relating to the struc- Criticism of the nature of our articles is ture of medical practice should be included, less easy to answer. Previous editorials have and we could not agree more. Yet we have justified Speculum's policy, but as long as been told that if we want it non-academic we Criticisms continue the editors must answer should nevertheless exclude all political them. articles. We admit that in politics the Some of our critics call for a more magazine has shown bias, but if no stalwart academic magazine. The more academic conservative will produce an article in student magazines with which we exchange defence of the status quo while radicals have, and must have, advisory councils of attack it, we must continue to show bias. graduates. (Montreal, for instance, has a Gentlemen wishing to demonstrate the Council of 16 graduates, the least of whom benevolence or wickedness of Generalissimo is a B.A., M.D.) An academic Speculum Stalin may go elsewhere, but those with would serve little purpose. It is not the views worth reading on the politics of function of the Medical Students' Society to medicine will always be found space. teach itself. The acquisition of medical We welcome criticism, but we will con- knowledge is a matter between the faculty tinue to publish a magazine which, while and individual students, not the society. medical above all, is readable, political, and Resides, any contribution Speculum could unsuitable for mixed company—designed make to our knowledge would be insignifi- for the members of the society, neither pruned for prudes nor written for cant alongside the faculty's contribution. exhibitioners. Speculum would merely provide some of us with practice at writing academic articles. * Nor could they. SPECULUM PRESENTATION: Professor MacCallum At the annual general meeting of the for him. In consequence, we have procured M.S.S. in first term the society presented an instrument which we hope will appeal the retiring professor of Pathology, Peter to his tastes, scientific and aesthetic. MacCallum, M.C., MA., N.z., M.Sc., N.z. It is my privilege, Sir, to present to you & MELB., M.B., Ch.B., D.P.H., EDIN., this watch on behalf of the Medical Students F.R.S.E., with a gold evening watch. In of the Melbourne University. You will making the presentation the secretary (Mr. find it engraved: G. Crock) gave the following address: Professor Peter MacCallum. From the Medical Students' Society, Mr. Chairman, Professors, Ladies and Melbourne. 1951 Gentlemen— This is our token of esteem for you per- Today, we have come to one of the sonally and for your able work as a medical milestones in the history of this Medical educator in the University of Melbourne. School and of this Society. Today, Professor Peter MacCallum formally retires as Presi- The professor's appreciation of that great dent of this Society — as he has recently concept, Time, his use of which has made retired from the Chair of Pathology. him legendary among students, has guided I have not come as an enconiast to the executive in its choice of a presentation embarrass our president with well chosen In thanking the society, Professor phrases of praise — but I do feel that this MacCallum said that the presentation had occasion demands from me a brief outline taken him by surprise. He thanked the of the Professor's career. secretary for his remarks, and dealt with his Peter MacCallum graduated from the own history. University of New Zealand in 1908 as M.Sc., Having been in the Melbourne Medical M.A., and in 1909 he proceeded to Edin- School for 26 years, he identified himself burgh, having been Canterbury College with Melbourne before his other two univer- candidate for the Rhodes Scholarship. sities. He thought of himself as part of this He distinguished himself as a scholar school. and built up a reputation of nimble-footed- The . Medical profession in Australia ness by gaining blues for Rugby and attracted a better type of student than in Athletics. England, he had found. There, Law, Arts, He graduated in Medicine in 1914 with the Church, and the Services were held in first-class Honours and in the following year higher esteem than Medicine, so that the proceeded to the Great War. During that cream of the student body was to be found campaign he was awarded the Military in other faculties. An Englishman who was Cross. associated with overseas students had told He came to Melbourne as Professor of him that Australian doctors chosen to go Pathology in 1924. As a professor in the overseas were "world-beaters," as their Melbourne University he has held the records showed. highest positions—five times president of the With the appointment of Professor King M.S.S.!!—Dean of the Medical Faculty, and to the chair of Pathology, all the professors Acting Vice-Chancellor of the University. and Stewart lecturers would be graduates We have had, then, a man of many parts of Australian universities. Whether or not guiding this - medical school for the past this was in all ways desirable, it was quarter of a century. healthy sign that Australian universities SPECULUM 9 Were making their mark, since it was purely boundaries, to enter more into the life of by the chance that the best men available the community. Thus the Medical School Were Australian graduates. He had the should extend more into the hospitals of utmost confidence in the staff. the city. The future of this University, as of others, The professor then modestly thanked us lay not so much in expansion within its for our gift, which, he was sure, he would own grounds, but in extension of its present find of great use. APPOINTMENT : Professor E. S. J. King The Council at its August meeting lieutenant-colonel in command of an Aus- appointed to the Chair of Pathology, soon tralian General Hospital. He was appointed to be rendered vacant by Professor to his present post of Pathologist at the MacCallum's retirement, Dr. E. S. J. King, Royal Melbourne Hospital early in 1947. Pathologist at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. Professor King combines in an unusual Edgar Samuel John King was born in New degree first-rate ability as an operative Zealand in 1900 and educated subsequently surgeon, morbid anatomist and clinical at Melbourne High School. He matriculated pathologist, and his record since graduation in 1917 and graduated M.B., B.Sc., in 1923, has been one of sustained , brilliance. He M.D. in 1926, M.S. in 1930, and D.Sc. in has the great distinction of having been 193 3. He was appointed Stewart Lecturer in awarded, on three separate occasions, the Pathology in 1928, and Stewart Scholar in Jacksonian Prize of the Royal College of Surgery in 1935; for varying periods during Surgeons, the Alvarenga Prize of the College Professor MacCallum"s absence he has been of Physicians of Philadelphia, and the Syme appointed Acting Professor of Pathology. Prize, the latter in 1931. He is the author His clinical teaching experience in Pathology of two books on subjects as diverse as bone and Surgery has been almost continuous diseases and surgery of the heart, as well as some seventy scientific papers. since the date of his graduation, and he has There is little doubt that the University held clinical appointments at the Alfred, has secured in Professor King a successor Royal Melbourne and Children's Hospitals. worthy, by his unique personal qualities as In 1939, Dr. King enlisted in the by his great prestige in medical science, of A•A.M.C. and served in the Middle East, the tradition already set for the Melbourne Australia and New Guinea until late in 1946, Chair of Pathology by the late Sir Harry by which time he had risen in rank to Allen and Professor Peter MacCallum.