Year 8 Home Learning – Islam This booklet will cover the Islam unit. Contact your teacher if you have any questions. Keywords – complete the missing words to learn the keywords for this topic 1. Allah: The ______ name for God 2. Sunni: Muslims who believe in the successorship to _________ of Abu Bakr 3. Shi’a: Muslims who believe in the imamate, the successorship of ______. 4. Angels: ________ beings believe to act as __________ of God. 5. Muhammad: The _____ prophet of Islam; known as the seal of prophets. 6. The Qur’an: The ________ writings of Islam. 7. Mosque: The Muslim place of ________ 8. The Five Pillars: The _____ most important ______ for all Muslims; to believe, to pray, to give to charity, to fast and to go on a pilgrimage. 9. Wudu: Ritual _________ before prayer. 10.Salah: ________ with and in worship to God, performed under conditions set by the _______ Muhammad. 11. Fasting: Not _______ or _________ for a certain length of time for religious reasons. 12. Ramadan: The ninth month of the Muslim ________, during which Muslims will ______ from dusk to ________. 13. Pilgrimage: A journey by a believe to a holy site for religious reasons; an act of worship and _________. 14. Hajj: The annual ________ to ______ that every Muslim should try to make at least once in their _____. Missing words: Prayer, Mecca, Prophet, Ali, last, pilgrimage, five, fast, calendar, drinking, duties, Arabic, sunset, Muhammad, eating, washing, Spiritual, devotion, messengers, sacred, life, worship Lesson 1 - Introduction to Islam Learning objectives Understand why it is important to learn about Islam. Explain basic beliefs of Judaism. Why do we learn about Islam? 1 – Islam is the third of the Abrahamic faiths. It has strong links to Judaism and Christianity. 2 – There are approximately 1.7 billion Muslims in the world today. 3 – An estimated 2.6 million Muslims in the UK today. 4- Islam is the second largest religion in the world and in the UK. Starter: Use the provided website to learn some facts about Islam and answer the questions here or in your book/paper. https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam 1) Where did Islam begin? 2) What does the word ‘Islam’ mean? 3) How do Muslims believe Allah’s word was revealed to them? 4) Name 3 prophets that Muslims believe taught Allah’s law. 5) Give two examples of Islamic holy places. 6) Give two examples of Islamic religious text. 7) Who was the prophet who created the faith of Islam? Don’t forget to self-mark after! Main Task 1 Watch the following YouTube programme to learn about the History of Islam and complete the timeline from what you learn. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDxKxnVZtgo 570CE 595CE 610CE 611-619CE 620CE 621-622CE 632CE 633-635CE Challenge! Link this timeline to your knowledge on Christians and Islam. What was the time difference between the key events? What does it show about God’s prophets? Main Task 2 ‘God is the greatest’ Everyday Muslims hear and say the words ‘Allahu Akbar’, meaning ‘God is the greatest.’ Muslims believe that God is so great that he is beyond human understanding, and greater than anything humans can imagine. Yet Muslims have firm believers about what God is like. The names of God Muslims believe God has revealed himself to people through Muhammad and the Holy Books. There are 99 names of God in the Qur’an and Hadith (Muhammad’s sayings), which can help Muslims to understand something of God’s nature. Each name describes a quality that God has revealed about himself. Many Muslims memorise the names of God and recite them when they are praying privately. Each name helps them to feel God’s presence. Some names show God’s power, might and authority; other shows God’s love and care for human beings. “The Most Excellent Names belong to God; use them to call on Him.” Qur’an 7:180 Muslims believe that God is immanent (present in the world), but also transcended (beyond the world and all things) Our limited human thinking can make us wonder ‘How can God be both?’. For Muslims God can be both because God is the creator of the universe, therefore outside and not limited by the physical world. Muslims believe that God is omnipotent (all powerful) as God created, sustains and is the owner of all things. He is also all-knowing, aware of everything including human actions and thoughts. God is also know as benevolent (all-loving), the source of goodness. His generosity is seen as a gift to human life on earth. God is also known as the Lord of Mercy and justice; he understand the suffering, care for them and forgives people if they are truly sorry what they have done. He treats people equally and justly. God will judge people in fairness on the Day of Judgement. Now answer the following questions 1) What does ‘Allahu Akbar’ mean? 2) Why do Muslims say ‘Allahu Akbar’? 3) What do Muslims believe about how God has revealed himself? 4) What do Muslims believe about the 99 names of Allah and what do they use them for? 5) Explain what the quote shows: “The Most excellent names belong to God: use them to call on Him.” 6) Where is God to Muslims? 7)Why is it difficult for Muslims to understand God? 8) What do Muslims believe God is like? What are his qualities? Don’t forget to self-mark after! Plenary ‘People can never have a relationship with God’ Give your opinion and explain why someone would disagree with you. Lesson 2 – Sunni and Shi’a Islam Lesson Objectives: • Pupils will know that there are differences between denominations in Islam. • Pupils will be able to understand why there are differences. Starter Task: Think back to last lesson- How many Gods do Muslims believe in? If Muslims all believe in the same God why do you think there are different denominations? (Look up key term if you’re not sure what it means) Main Task 1: Sunni Islam: When Muhammad died, the majority of Muslims thought that only the Qur’an and the Sunnah (Muhammad’s teachings and actions) had the authority to guide the beliefs and behaviour of Muslims. They elected Abu Bakr to be their leader and to act on behalf of God and Muhammad. They became known as Sunni’s because they followed the Sunnah. Shi’a Islam: This group of Muslims believe that when Muhammed died, he named his cousin Ali, as his successor. Ali was one of the earliest converts to Islam and was also married to Muhammad’s daughter, Fatima. Shi’a Muslims believe that the true leader of Islam had to be a descendent of Muhammad and chosen by God. These were known as the Imams. When one died, they would elect the next to succeed them. These two groups split because they both believed someone different succeed Muhammad. Although they have similar beliefs such as belief in Allah, the prophets and guidance of the Qur’an. They differ with interpretations of certain aspects of belief and law, and in the emphasis, they put on expressing key beliefs. Sunni Muslims follow the six articles of faith whereas Shi’a Muslims follow the five roots of ‘usul ad-Din’ Research what these six articles are for Sunni Muslims and 5 roots for Shi’a Muslims. Sunni- 6 Articles 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Shi’a- 5 roots 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Don’t forget to self-mark after! Main Task 2: Watch video and complete the table: giving the similarities and differences between Sunni and Shi’a Islam. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kt3yFGiElrs Similarities Differences Plenary Marker (2 bullet points) Name two similarities between Sunni and Shi’a Muslims 1) 2) Don’t forget to self-mark after! Lesson 3 – Angels Lesson Objectives: • Pupils will be able to explore the concept of Angels in Islam with attention to Jibril and Mika’il. • Pupils will be able to understand the Muslim beliefs about angels and why they are important. Starter Task: Linking to last lesson: Why do you think both Shi’a and Sunni Muslims have the same beliefs about angels? What are angels? Mind map your ideas Main Task 1: Muslims believe that Angels bring the word of God to the world via the prophets or the messengers of God. For Sunni Muslims the beliefs in angels is one of the 6 articles of faith, although Shi’a Muslims also believe in them. Angels are a part of the unseen world. They are supernatural beings, created by God from light. Muslims believe Muslims believe that Angels are able to receive God’s words directly form him and pass them on to prophets. They can do this because they are pure and sinless. Angels do not have free will like humans, therefore they cannot disobey him. Unseen beings who do have free choice are called jinn (spirits). The most famous jinn is Iblis, who is also known as Shaytan (Satan). He was not a fallen angel. Angels are involved in human life from the moment of conception to the moment of death. Some are guardian angels that take care of people throughout their lives. Other angels are responsible for recording a ‘book of deeds’, everything each person thinks, says or does will be written in the book to be used on judgement day. Task: Explain what the quotes means linking to the above information. 1) “Praise be to God, creator of the heavens and earth who made angels messengers with two, three, four [pairs of] wings.” Qur’an 35:1 2) “Each person has angels before him and behind, watching over him by God’s command”.