Underground Space Use: Analysis of the Past and Lessons for the Future - Erdem & Solak (eds) ©2005 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 04 1537452 9 Table of Contents Preface xvii Sponsors xix Volume 1 Tunnels, environment and public Positive impact of El Azhar road tunnels on environment, safety and tourism in Fatimid Cairo 3 A. Abd El M. Khali! Why did the hydropower industry go underground? 9 E. Broch Workforce competence in the United Kingdom tunnelling industry 15 R. Ibell, PI Jewell & D. Allenby Microtunnelling or trench excavation: a comparison of the two alternatives 21 D. Peila & M. Bottero Tunnels related to Metro, Highway and Sewerage schemes in Istanbul 27 M.C. Gumusoglu Underground space use in Ancient Anatolia: the Cappadocia example 35 A. Erdem & Y. Erdem Explosion tests in drainage pipes of long tunnels 41 V. Wetzig A multi-level tunnel for Amsterdam Zuidas 45 L.I. Vdkar, Th. S. de Wilde & E.L. Megens Planning, research, development and design aspects on underground structures Design of pressure tunnels of Ermenek hydro power plant 53 M. Marence &A. Oberladstatter Three-dimensional rock mass documentation in conventional tunnelling using JointMetriX3D 59 A. Gaich, W.Schubert & M. Potsch Highway D5 Pilsen highway by-pass - the Valik Tunnel 65 J. Svoboda & M. Salac A risk based methodology for optimum runnel configuration 71 D.P Richards, M.A. Hudson & M. Whitaker Effect of ground water on tunnel face stability in the soft ground 77 S. Konishi, T. Ono, T. Kitagawa, H. Iida, A. Isogai & T. Matsunaga Development of Anchor sheet segment and Push Resin Joint 85 S. Okamoto, Y. Yamamoto & T. Kunifuji Observational method for tunnel construction in difficult conditions considering 93 environmental impact to groundwater H. Ohtsu, Y. Ohnishi, T. Nishioka, K. Takahashi & T. Yasuda Research plan and construction outline of the Mizunami Underground 101 Research Laboratory (MIU) in large depth for geoscience and geological disposal fundamental research M. Sakamaki, T. Sato, S.-I. Mikake, T. Kanata, K. Nakamura, M. Kubo, K. Akiyoshi, M. Noda, Y. Nishikawa & J. Nobutoh Water-tightening design and construction of tailbay tunnels at Kannagawa Power Plant 109 F. Kawashima, M. Yamasaki, H. Ozawa, S. Ishizaki, T. Otani & N. Igarashi Study on state and pattern analysis of Tunnel Portal Slope in Korea 117 Y Baek, O.I. Kwon, H.B. Koo & G.J. Bae Desilting chambers of Nathpa Jhakri hydroelectric project - case study of problems during 123 construction and remedial measures S.P.S. Chauhan & R. Jeyaseelan Oporto light train. Bolhao station design 129 R.S. Pistone & M.C Costa A design case study of the very wide 3-arch tunnel under the railroad station building 135 SB. Chang, S. Kwon, S.J Moon & S.D. Lee Rock mass characterization and primary support design for the Boztepe Tunnel, Turkey 141 E. Sopaci, H. Akgiin & M. Akinci Tunnel and portal stability assessment in weak rock 149 M.K Koqkar & H. Akgiin Three-dimensional regions in tunnels 157 H. Gercek Surface settlement prediction for Istanbul Metro tunnels via 3D FE and empirical methods 163 S.G. Ercelebi, H. Copur, N. Bilgin & C Feridunoglu Transportation demands in Istanbul and New York 171 A. Gursoy Experimental study for shear behavior of pseudo rock joint under constant normal stiffness 175 condition H.-R. Rim, H.-J. Choi, B.-K. Son, C.-I. Lee & J.-J. Song The effect of spatial distribution in geotechnical design parameters on tunnel deformation 183 K.I. Song, G.C Cho, I.M. Lee & S.W. Lee Behaviour of a large cross-section tunnel in a large-scale model test 191 C.J. Lee, IS. Kim, N.Y Ryu, S.D. Lee, KH. Jeong&J.W. Yang GIS-based application and intelligent management of geotechnical information and 197 construction data in tunnelling C. Y. Kim, S. W. Hong, K Y Kim, S.H. Baek, G.J. Bae, B.H. Han & KS Jue A new approach to estimate plastic region near tunnel considering excavation induced 205 damage and in situ rock mass condition M. Sagong & J.S. Lee The influence of the round length on the stability of tunnel face and unsupported span 211 Y. Zoo, Lee, W. Schubert & C.-Y Kim Effect of tunnelling and groundwater interaction on ground and lining responses 217 C. Yoo, S.B. Kim, H.C. Shin & S.C. Baek Application of the multiple-layer supporting method to a tunnel in squeezing argillaceous rocks 225 S Kemmochi, E. Taketsu,A. Ogawa, T.Aoki, M. Koike, R. Morita, H. Shirahata, N. Koya & M. Matsubara On design analyses of NATM-tunnels 233 S.C. Moller & PA. Vermeer Case study of 3D fracture aperture density distribution technique on the assessment of 239 tunnel safety at new constructing road B.-J. Lee, J.-Y. Kim & Y.-S Kim A study on the reinforcement effect of Umbrella Arch Method and prediction of 245 tunnel crown and surface settlement S.-H. Kim, S.-H. Baek & H.-K Moon Numerical analysis of geotechnical parameters on subsidence due to underground mining 253 D.S. Cheon, S.O. Choi, YS. Jeon & C. Ryu Model testing of perpendicularly spaced tunnels 259 S.-H. Kim Design and construction of NATM underground station tunnel by using the forepoling 265 method in difficult conditions for Athens Metro P. Kontothanassis, N. Koronakis, A. Karinas & S. Massinas Design of water isolation grouting for reducing high water inflows in urban shallow tunnels 271 N. Koronakis, P. Kontothanassis, D. Katsahs & J. Bournazos Gotthard Base Tunnel - Sedrun section 277 Mastering squeezing rock zones H. Ehrbar Engineering geology and design of primary support of road tunnels. Cases 283 from the Egnatia roadway N. Kazilis & G Aggistalis Rock reinforcement design for unstable tunnels originally excavated in very poor rock mass 291 R. Osgoui & E. Unal Estimation of subsidence due to mining using artificial neural network - preliminary study 297 YB. Jung, D.S. Cheon & S.O. Choi Model tests on shotcrete to analyze early age behavior of tunnel support 303 T.B. Celestino & D.A. Ferreira Design aspects of the Bangkok Blue Line Extension 309 C Photayanuvat, N. Phien-wej & S. Suwansawal Teaching tunnels: knowledge management and on-line databases 315 R.-M. Faure, J.-F Thimus, G. Hemond, N. Faure & B. Lecomte The 9 km long Kallidromo Tunnel of the New Highspeed Railway Line Athens-Thessaloniki, 321 Greece, Tunnel sections in squeezing ground W. Wittke, B. Wittke-Schmitt & D. Schmitt New high-speed railway lines Stuttgart 21 and Wendlingen-Ulm - approximately 100 km of tunnels 327 W. Wittke & C Erichsen Status of Japanese underground research laboratory design and construction of 335 1000 m-deep shafts and research tunnels T. Sato, M. Imazu, S. Mikake, T. Tamai, M. Yamamoto & M. Sakamaki Tunnel portal problems in landslide areas - Black Sea Highway Project, Turkey 343 M. Vardar, B. Kogak & H. Karaoglan Jet-Grout application at Saraykoy Tunnel interval portals 347 M. Vardar, H. Karaoglan, K. Kaya & R. Mucukgil Case study - deformations and remedial measures for Nefise Akcelik and Asarkayasi 353 tunnels on Black Sea Costal Road Project M. Vardar, H. Karaoglan, Z. Etkesen & E. Akis Metsovitikos river north alignment of Egnatia Motorway. The concept and the tunnel designs 357 N. Kazilis, Ch. Georganopoulos & G Aggistalis New developments in excavation and construction technology for rock and soft ground tunnelling New tunnel construction technique of pipe-roof method in saturated soft soil 365 J.k. Ge Tunnelling in difficult ground and groundwater conditions 371 H. Quick & S. Meissner Visualizing excavated soil flow in the cutter chamber of a large earth pressure balanced shield 377 H. Dobashi, Y. Sakurai, Y Konishi, S. Ouchi, K. Matsubara, A. Kitayama & H. Takahashi Planning and construction of Keelung River Yuanshantzu Flood-Diversion Tunnel Project 385 H. Shimizu, H. Hamada, T. Yasunaga, K. Taira & M. Kuniya Application of the tunnel face reinforcement and fore-piling 391 T. Yamamoto, K. Murakami, S. Shirasagi, K Negishi, K. Nishioka & T. Kobayashi Tunnel excavation penetrating active landslide area - second-TOMEI Expressway Inasa 397 No. 2 Tunnel S. Tayama, K. Kanzawa, H. Hirano & S. Isoda A deep open-cut excavation with three types of continuous retaining walls 405 H. Tsunoda, Y. Endo, I. Kamegaya, H. Kawakami, K. Fukumoto & A. Ueda Application of the multiple-layer supporting method to a tunnel in squeezing argillaceous rocks 413 S. Kemmochi, E. Taketsu, A. Ogawa, T. Aoki, M. Koike, R. Morita, H. Shirahata, N. Koya & M. Matsubara Support structure for tunneling in squeezing ground and secondary lining design 421 1 Yorita, M. Hanita, H. Takahara, K. Kawahara, H. Takahashi & M. Mitarashi Ground reinforcement by the Pre-Supporting System Arch (PSS-Arch) method 427 K. Miyashita, H. Takahashi, M. Teranishi, S. Iwanaga, M. Inada, T Matsuo&A. Nakakita From research to practice "Development of Rapid Excavation Technologies" 435 S. Eskikaya, N. Bilgin, C. Balci & H. Tuncdemir Jacked box tunnelling, a non-intrusive technique for constructing underbridges 443 J. W.T Ropkins & D. Allenby Ground borne vibration on the East Side Access Project Manhattan segment: issues and impacts 449 A. Benslimane, D.A. Anderson, N. Munfakh & S. Zlatanic An experimental study on the development of high performance shotcrete for permanent runnel support 455 S.P Lee, D.H. Kim, l.H. Ryu, 1Y Yu, S.D. Lee, S.H Han, M.S. Choi & C. Park Successful application of the observational design method to difficult tunnel 463 conditions - Driskos tunnel P. Grasso, G. Scotti, G. Blasini, M. Pescara, V. Floria & N. Kazilis Ground freezing improvement for TBM maintenance in Singapore 471 I Itoh, Y.-S. Lee, S.-W. Yoo & S.-D. Lee High pressure jet grouting in tunnels - a case study 477 A. Da Via, M. Marotta & G Peach Gotthard Base Tunnel: special aspects and state of the works 485 M.