Issue 52, 1st Quarter 2009 JFQ coming next in... Global Strategic Outlook . and more in issue 53, 2d Quarter 2009 of JFQ JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY JOINT FORCE Focus on LAND Warfare 4Reconstructing Iraq’s Provinces 4Irregular Warfare Is Warfare 4EBO: Point >< Counterpoint ISSUE fifty -TWO, 1 -TWO, JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY ST Published for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff quarter by National Defense University Press Institute for National Strategic Studies 2009 National Defense University, Washington, DC 1070-0692(200931)52;1-Q JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY Inside Issue 52, 1st Quarter 2009 NEW JFQ Dialogue from NDU Press 2 The National Defense Strategy: Striking the Right Balance Editor Col David H. Gurney, USMC (Ret.) By Robert M. Gates [email protected] From the Chairman Executive Editor Jeffrey D. Smotherman, Ph.D. 8 Managing Editor, NDU Press Open Letter Strategic Forum 235 10 LTC Robert E. Henstrand, USA Strategic Forum 233 The Absence of Europe: Implications for International Security? George C. Maerz Letter to the Editor Defense Transformation à la française and Supervisory Editor 11 U.S. Interests Production Supervisor Martin J. Peters, Jr. Forum Facing a worsening economy and a war in Senior Copy Editor Calvin B. Kelley Under President Nicolas Sarkozy, France has Iraq that will be difficult to end, the next U.S. Executive Summary embarked on major changes in its national Book Review Editor Lisa M. Yambrick 13 administration may well seek a more multi- security strategy, structure, capabilities, and lateral foreign policy and closer cooperation Design Chris Dunham and Jeremy Swanston, An Interview with General George W. Casey, Jr. 15 relationships with Allies. Leo Michel ana- with Europe. But, as Steven Kramer argues, U.S. Government Printing Office Let’s Win the Wars We’re In By John A. Nagl lyzes this transformation as presented in the Europe may be unwilling or unable to play a Printed in St. Louis, Missouri 20 French White Book of Defense and National larger role in global security. European uni- by Let’s Build an Army to Win All Wars By Gian P. Gentile Security, the official blueprint approved in 27 fication and NATO expansion have stalled, June 2008. Michel notes that much more is at economic and social issues continue, and key 34 Hybrid Warfare and Challenges By Frank G. Hoffman stake in this ambitious plan than the shape of leaders disagree on how to proceed. In short, NDU Press is the National Defense University’s Systems versus Classical Approach to Warfare By Milan N. Vego France’s defense establishment. French poli- Europe’s inability to work with the United cross-component, professional military and 40 cies and capabilities have implications for its States may be a logical consequence of its academic publishing house. It publishes books, Mobile Nuclear Power for Future Land Combat By Marvin Baker Schaffer European Allies, the United States, and re- political structure and worldview, forcing Strategic Forum 237 policy briefs, occasional papers, monographs, and 49 and Ike Chang gions beyond Europe such as parts of Africa. America to turn to Asia for support. Challenges to Persian Gulf Security: How special reports on national security strategy, defense Should the United States Respond? policy, national military strategy, regional security Special Feature affairs, and global strategic problems. NDU Press is part of the Institute for National Strategic Studies, a st Persian Gulf security will increasingly pose 56 Teaching Strategy in the 21 Century By Gabriel Marcella policy research and strategic gaming organization. and Stephen O. Fought difficult choices for the next administration. Judith Yaphe perceives the United States “Military-Political” Relations: The Need for Officer Education This is the authoritative, official U.S. Department 61 facing three challenges. The toughest by far of Defense edition of JFQ. Any copyrighted portions By Derek S. Reveron and Kathleen A. Mahoney-Norris is whether to engage Iran and, if so, how. The of this journal may not be reproduced or extracted A Strategic Asset for Engagement: Enhancing the Role of second delicate issue is what posture to take without permission of the copyright proprietors. Joint 67 Force Quarterly should be acknowledged whenever National Defense University By Keith D. Dickson on reform within the Gulf states. A heavy- material is quoted from or based on its content. handed approach can trigger cynicism about Commentary U.S. motives and charges of double stan- dards. The third is how to build cooperation COMMUNICATIONS Irregular Warfare Lessons Learned: Reforming the Afghan 70 between the Gulf states and Iraq. Lingering Please visit NDU Press and Joint Force Quarterly National Police By Lewis G. Irwin online at ndupress.ndu.edu for more on upcoming suspicions will be hard to overcome. The Gulf issues, an electronic archive of JFQ articles, and Effects-based Operations: Combat Proven By Paul M. Carpenter states may well seek expanded security guar- 78 Strategic Forum 234 Strategic Forum 236 access to many other useful NDU Press publications. and William F. Andrews antees from the United States even as they Constructive comments and contributions Irregular Warfare: New Challenges for NATO’s Uncertain Future: Is Demography Civil-Military Relations remain wary of formal ties. are important to us. Please direct editorial EBO: There Was No Baby in the Bathwater By Paul K. Van Riper Destiny? communications to the link on the NDU Press Web 82 Patrick Cronin argues that irregular site or write to: Victory—From the Prism of Jihadi Culture By Jeffrey B. Cozzens The North Atlantic Treaty Organization 86 warfare—highly political and ambiguous (NATO) is increasingly stressed by popula- and intensely local by nature—is likely to tion trends in its member countries. For Editor, Joint Force Quarterly Features National Defense University Press dominate the global security environment example, the gap between U.S. and European Death of the Combatant Command? Toward a Joint Interagency Approach in the coming decades. Success in this type 260 Fifth Avenue, S.W. (Building 64, Room 2505) 92 military-age segments is widening, with Fort Lesley J. McNair By Jeffrey Buchanan, Maxie Y. Davis, and Lee T. Wight of conflict will require a framework that bal- the U.S. cohort increasing while Europe’s Washington, DC 20319 ances the relationships between civilian and shrinks; a young, growing U.S. popula- Irregular Warfare Is Warfare By Kenneth C. Coons, Jr., and Glenn M. Harned 97 military leaders and effectively uses their dif- tion will contribute to its enhanced global Telephone: (202) 685-4220/DSN 325 ferent strengths. Irregular warfare challenges Wired for War? Robots and Military Doctrine By P.W. Singer economic profile in 2050, while Europe’s FAX: (202) 685-4219/DSN 325 104 traditional understandings of how civilian aging and shrinking productive population Email: [email protected] Chinese Disaster Relief Operations: Identifying Critical Capability Gaps and military leaders should work together. will help diminish its presence. Jeffrey Simon Visit the NDU Press Web site JFQ online: ndupress.ndu.edu 111 By Nirav Patel Specifically, Cronin examines issues such as argues that these trends will hamper the for more information on measuring progress, choosing the best lead- Alliance’s ability to deploy operational forces, st publications at 1st Quarter, January 2009 China-Africa Relations in the 21 Century By Jennifer L. Parenti ers, and forging integrated strategies. 118 and thus should be consciously weighed in ndupress.ndu.edu ISSN 1070-0692 NATO’s future strategic plans. 125 Shoulder to Shoulder: The Marine Corps and Air Force in Combat By Daniel J. Darnell and George J. Trautman III Force of Law PUBLISHER 129 Inside the Detention Camps: A New Campaign in Iraq ADM Michael G. Mullen, USN By Mason Brooks and Drew Miller DIRECTOR, INSS 134 “Operationalizing” Legal Requirements for Unconventional Warfare Dr. Patrick M. Cronin By James P. Terry ADVISORY COMMittee Gen James E. Cartwright, USMC The Joint Staff Interagency Dialogue BG David A. Armstrong, USA (Ret.) Office of the Chairman MG Byron S. Bagby, USA Joint Forces Staff College Reconstructing Iraq’s Provinces, One by One By Henry L. Clarke 140 Col Michael Belcher, USMC Marine Corps War College BG Edward C. Cardon, USA U.S. Army Command and General Staff College Why USAFRICOM? By Edward Marks 148 A. Denis Clift National Defense Intelligence College Col Raymond C. Damm, USMC Marine Corps Command 152 U.S. Africa Command: Value Added By Mary C. Yates and Staff College Col Thomas Greenwood, USMC (Ret.) Institute for Defense Analyses Recall RADM Garry E. Hall, USN Industrial College of the Armed Forces Brig Gen Jimmie C. Jackson, Jr., USAF Air Command and Staff College 156 A General Airman: Millard Harmon and the South Pacific in World War II Col Jerome M. Lynes, USMC (Ret.) The Joint Staff By Thomas Alexander Hughes Maj Gen Stephen J. Miller, USAF Air War College GEN Walter L. Sharp, USA The Joint Staff Col David A. Smarsh, USAF Naval Postgraduate School Book Reviews Maj Gen Robert P. Steel, USAF National War College 163 Off the Shelf By Robert E. Henstrand MG Robert M. Williams, USA U.S. Army War College LtGen Frances C. Wilson, USMC National Defense University 164 Strategic Defense in the Nuclear Age: A Reference Handbook RADM James Wisecup, USN Naval War College Reviewed by Jeffrey L. Caton Editorial Board 164 The Echo of Battle: The Army’s Way of War Reviewed by Bryon E. Greenwald Richard K. Betts Columbia University Stephen D. Chiabotti School of Advanced Air and Space Studies 165 China’s Future Nuclear Submarine Force Reviewed by John D. Becker Eliot A. Cohen The Johns Hopkins University Aaron L. Friedberg Princeton University Joint Doctrine Alan L. Gropman Industrial College of the Armed Forces Douglas N. Hime Naval War College Gaming the 21st Century Mark H.