Pöyry Energy Oy Tekniikantie 4 A, P.O.Box 93, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland, www.poyry.com Contact Pöyry: Martti Surakka Mob: +358 50 412 0119 Fax: +358 10 33 24338 Email: [email protected] Contact EASA: Peter Hörmander Mob Gua: +502-4247 1307 Mob Int: +46-70 331 16 25 Email: [email protected] Contact Universidad Galileo: Judith Diaz Cabrera Mob : +502- 5403 7852 Tel : +502-2423 8000 ext 4215 Email : [email protected] Date: June 21, 2012 Final Report June 2012 Improving the status of Lago Amatitlan by producing bioenergy. Feasibility study and action plan. 1 Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Findings Galileo .................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Findings Energía y Ambiente, S.A. and Pöyry OY ............................................................... 5 1.3 Feasibility analysis of a large scale project for utilization of water hyacinths as water treatment and energy source ........................................................................................................... 7 2 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ........................................... 11 2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Presentation of the Consultants and Institutions ................................................................. 13 2.2.1 Pöyry Oy ........................................................................................................................ 13 2.2.2 Energia y Ambiente, S.A. ............................................................................................... 13 2.2.3 Universidad Galileo........................................................................................................ 13 2.2.4 AMSA, Autoridad para el Manejo Sustentable de la Cuenca y del Lago de Amatitlán 14 2.2.5 Feasibility study key personnel ...................................................................................... 14 2.2.6 Responsibilities of parties involved ............................................................................... 15 3 BENEFICIARIES ............................................................................................................... 16 4 OBJECTIVES...................................................................................................................... 16 5 RESULTS OF THE FEASIBILITY STUDY ..................................................................... 17 5.1 Result 1: Classification and characterization of macrophytes and phytoplankton currently present in Lago Amatitlán ............................................................................................................. 19 5.1.1 Task 4: Inventory of macrophytes and algae in Lago Amatitlán (Galileo) .................... 20 5.1.2 Task 5: Characterization of the water chemistry in the Lake (Galileo) ......................... 69 5.2 Result 2: Identification of suitable harvesting techniques for macrophytes and phytoplankton ............................................................................................................................... 75 5.2.1 Task 11: Study of macrophyte and algae harvesting methods (EASA/Pöyry) .............. 75 5.3 Result 3: Identification of suitable biodigesters for macrophytes and phytoplankton ........ 76 5.3.1 Task 9: Study of feasible biodigester technologies (EASA/Pöyry) ............................... 76 5.3.2 Task 14: Biogas production test on different macrophytes and algae strains (EASA/Pöyry) ............................................................................................................................... 81 5.4 Result 4: Pilot biodigester ................................................................................................... 81 5.4.1 Task 10: Study of feasible biogas driven electricity generators (EASA/Pöyry) ............ 81 5.4.2 Task 14: Biogas production test on different macrophyte and algae strains (EASA/Pöyry) ............................................................................................................................... 84 See chapter 5.3.2. .......................................................................................................................... 84 5.4.3 Task 17: Construction of pilot biodigester (EASA/Pöyry) ............................................ 84 5.4.4 Task 20: Commissioning and start-up of biogas pilot plant (EASA/Pöyry) .................. 86 5.5 Result 5: Identification and characterization of lipid producing algae ................................ 87 5.5.1 Task 6: Classification of algae (Galileo) ........................................................................ 87 5.5.2 Task 7: Identification/characterization of lipid producing algae (Galileo) .................... 88 5.6 Result 6: Identification of feasible extraction techniques for lipids .................................... 95 5.7 Result 7: Biodiesel production in laboratory scale .............................................................. 95 2 5.8 Result 8: Conceptual design of water pre-treatment plant using macrophytes in constructed wetlands around the inlet of Río Villalobos in the Northern part of the lake. .............................. 96 5.9 Result 9: Conceptual design of algae cultivation plant ..................................................... 102 5.10 Result 10: Definition of socio-economic impact of the implemented project ............. 105 5.11 Result 11: Definition of environmental impact of the implemented project ................ 106 5.12 Result 12: Definition of procedure for obtaining carbon credits from renewable energy plants such as macrophytes and algae (EASA/Pöyry) ................................................................ 107 5.12.1 Introduction to carbon credits and eligibility of projects ............................................. 107 5.12.2 The CDM project cycle to obtain carbon credits ......................................................... 109 5.12.3 Estimated carbon credits for the Amatitlan bioenergy project ..................................... 111 6 RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION PLANT......................................................... 113 6.1 Cultivation area for water hyacinths.................................................................................. 113 6.2 Harvesting area for water hyacinths .................................................................................. 114 6.3 Storage area for harvested and shredded water hyacinths ................................................. 114 6.4 Biodigester ......................................................................................................................... 114 6.5 Treatment area for biogas .................................................................................................. 115 6.6 Storage of purified biogas ................................................................................................. 115 6.7 Storage of digestate and biosludge .................................................................................... 116 6.8 Electrical generator and grid interface .............................................................................. 116 7 MARKET STUDY ............................................................................................................ 117 7.1 Environmental clean-up potential of water hyacinths ....................................................... 117 7.2 Biogas production from water hyacinths ........................................................................... 119 7.3 Digistate for potential fertilizer use ................................................................................... 119 7.4 Sludge for use as compost ................................................................................................. 120 7.5 Carbon credits .................................................................................................................... 120 7.6 Summary of estimated market values................................................................................ 120 8 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS .............................................................................................. 121 8.1 General and basic assumptions .......................................................................................... 121 8.2 Investment costs ................................................................................................................ 121 8.3 Raw material costs ............................................................................................................. 122 8.4 Operation and maintenance costs ...................................................................................... 122 8.5 Sales income ...................................................................................................................... 123 8.6 Estimation of the feasibility .............................................................................................. 123 9 BUSINESS PLAN ............................................................................................................. 125 9.1 Project strategy .................................................................................................................. 125 9.2 Staffing and capabilities ...................................................................................................