PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PSYCHOPATHIC BEHAVIOR AS THE RESULT OF POOR BONDING BETWEEN MOTHER AND SON IN LIONEL SHRIVER’S WE NEED TO TALK ABOUT KEVIN AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By Rulliana Meliala Student Number : 154214083 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2020 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PSYCHOPATHIC BEHAVIOR AS THE RESULT OF POOR BONDING BETWEEN MOTHER AND SON IN LIONEL SHRIVER’S WE NEED TO TALK ABOUT KEVIN AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By Rulliana Meliala Student Number : 154214083 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2020 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI “And didn’t they say that, although curiosity killed the cat, satisfaction brought the beast back?” Stephen King, Four Past Midnight vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI For my father, who always believe in me. I did it pa ! viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Th. Enny Anggraini as my thesis advisor and Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka M.Hum as my co-advisor for the guidance, knowledge, suport and patience so that I could finish my thesis I would like to thank my mother, a woman who makes me believe I could make it. Thank you for your support and all the tears you have been through for me. I would like to thank my sister, Ruthnana M, without you I would not be here right now. I also want to thank my brother, Juara M for being a person that I could always rely on. Thanks for my family for all the financial and mental support. I also want to thank D’bhi family. Especially Trifena Haruyuki, without you, I might be in mental asylum right now. Thank you for the lesson of friendship since Junior High School. I also want to thank Bernadeta Kharisma for your brutal honesty, and Febby Clarissa as my brainstorm partner. Without you two I would not be able to finish this thesis. I want to thank Rivaldo Sitorus for your humor and your help during the hardest time of my life. I also want to thank Indra Yoga Adiarsa, my personal editor. Thank you for the time and efforts you did. ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE .......................................................................................................... ii APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................ iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .......................................................................................... iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ..................................................................... v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH .... vi MOTTO PAGE ....................................................................................................... vii DEDICATION PAGE ............................................................................................. viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... x ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ xi ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. xii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ............................................................................ 1 B. Problem Formulation .................................................................................. 4 C. Objectives of the Study ............................................................................... 4 D. Definition of Terms .................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ..................................................... 5 A. Review of Related Studies .......................................................................... 5 B. Review of Related Theories........................................................................ 9 1. Theory of Characterization ................................................................... 9 2. Theory of Psychosexual Stages of Development ................................. 11 3. The Concept of Psychopathic Behavior ............................................... 16 4. The Concept of Maternal Anxiety and Parental Bonding .................... 20 C. Theoretical Framework ............................................................................... 21 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ..................................................................... 22 A. Object of the Study ..................................................................................... 22 B. Approach of the Study ................................................................................ 23 C. Method of the Study ................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS .................................................................................. 25 A. Kevin’s Psychopathic Behavior Described in Lionel Shiver’s We Need to Talk about Kevin .................................................................................... 25 B. The Cause of Kevin’s Psychopathic Behavior ........................................... 38 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ............................................................................. 52 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 54 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT MELIALA, RULLIANA. (2020). Psychopathic Behavior as the Result of Poor Bonding between Mother and Son in Lionel Shriver’s We Need to Talk about Kevin. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. We Need to Talk about Kevin is a story about a teenager killer named Kevin, told by Kevin’s mother Eva. The story began with Eva’s letter to her husband, Franklin. Eva told a story of her life after Kevin got jailed, the story went with her life as a mother of a killer. Kevin was a smart kid but a troubled one. Kevin grew up as unsual kid with unusual behavior. Eva knew that behavior since Kevin was a kid, because Kevin was never obeyed her, Kevin even harmed his own sister. At the end, when Kevin in high school he killed nine teenagers, one cafetaria worker, his father, and sister without specific reason. There are two problems to be discussed. The first is the characteristics of main character that reveal the characteristic of psychopathic behavior. The second is the cause of main character’s psychopathic behavior. This research uses the library research method in developing the analysis. The primary source of this study is Lionel Shriver’s We Need to Talk about Kevin and books, thesis, journals, websites as secondary source. The theories and criticsm related to the subject are used as the main basic of the analysis. To analyze the problem, the writer use psychoanalytic approach which related to main character’s personality development. The result of this study shows that Kevin as the main character has psychopathic traits showed through his characteristic which tend to reveal psychopathic behavior. His psychopathic behavior leads him to be a killer. Kevin’s failure in stages of development drives him to fulfill the satisfaction in each of the stages, which are sadism and masochism. This failure caused by Kevin’s mother failure to create a perfect bond between mother and son during the pregnancy and early years of Kevin’s childhood. Keywords : psychopathic behavior, psychosexual stages of development, fixation, poor bonding, maternal anxiety xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK MELIALA, RULLIANA. (2020). Psychopathic Behavior as the Result of Poor Bonding between Mother and Son in Lionel Shriver’s We Need to Talk about Kevin. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma We Need to Talk about Kevin adalah kisah tentang pembunuh remaja bernama Kevin, yang diceritakan oleh ibu Kevin, Eva. Kisah ini dimulai dengan surat Eva kepada suaminya, Franklin. Eva menceritakan kisah hidupnya setelah Kevin dipenjara, kisah itu berlanjut dengan hidupnya sebagai ibu seorang pembunuh. Kevin adalah anak yang cerdas tetapi bermasalah. Kevin tumbuh sebagai anak yang tidak normal dengan perilaku yang tidak biasa. Eva sudah mengetahui perilaku itu sejak Kevin masih kecil, karena Kevin tidak pernah mematuhinya, Kevin bahkan melukai saudaranya sendiri. Pada akhirnya, ketika Kevin di sekolah menengah ia membunuh sembilan remaja, satu pekerja kantin, ayahnya, dan saudara perempuannya tanpa alasan tertentu. Ada dua masalah yang akan dibahas. Yang pertama adalah karakteristik karakter utama yang mengungkap karakteristik perilaku psikopat. Yang kedua adalah penyebab perilaku psikopat karakter utama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dalam mengembangkan analisis. Sumber utama penelitian ini adalah We Need to Talk