cover_ras_afg2009:cover_ras_afghanistan3.qxd 28/01/2009 12:47 Page 1 Government of Afghanistan Ministry of Counter Narcotics Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43 1) 26060-0, Fax: (+43 1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org Afghanistan Opium Winter Assessment January 2009 ABBREVIATIONS AGE Anti Government Elements GPS Global Positioning System ICMP Illicit Crop Monitoring Programme (UNODC) ORA Opium Winter Rapid Assessment Survey MCN Ministry of Counter-Narcotics UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following organizations and individuals contributed to the implementation of the 2008 Afghanistan Opium Survey and to the preparation of this report: Survey and Monitoring Directorate of the Ministry of Counter-Narcotics: Eng. Mohammad Ibrahim Azhar (Director), Mir Abdullah (Deputy Director) Survey Coordinators: Abdul Mateen (Eastern Region), Abdul Latif Ehsan (Western Region), Fida Mohammad (Northern Region), Sayeed Esaq Masomi (Central region), Mohammed Ishaq Anderabi (North-eastern Region), and Hashmatullah Asek (Southern Region). Technical staff: Mohammad Khyber Wardak (Data Expert), Mohammad Ajmal (Data Clerk), Sahar (Data Clerk). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Kabul) Jean-Luc Lemahieu (Country Representative) Shirish Ravan (Project Coordinator, RAS/ICMP), Ziauddin Zaki (National Project Coordinator), Abdul Mannan Ahmadzai (Survey Officer), Sayed Mehdi (Remote Sensing Analyst), Ahmad Jawid (Remote Sensing Analyst), Ramin Sobhi and Zia Ulhaq (Verification Reporters), Devashish Dhar (International Consultant) Survey Coordinators: Abdul Basir Basiret (Eastern Region), Abdul Jalil (Northern Region), Abdul Qadir Palwal (Southern Region), Fawad Alaie (Western Region), Mohammad Rafi Kabiri (North- eastern Region), Rahimullah Omar (Central Region), Sayed Ahmad (Southern Region), Abdul Rahim Marikh (Eastern Region), Fardin Osmani (Northern Region) Provincial Coordinators: Fazal Mohammad Fazli (Southern Region), Mohammad Alam Ghalib (Eastern Region), Altaf Hussain Joya (Western Region), Mohammed Alem Yaqubi (North-eastern Region), Lutfi Rahman Lutfi (Northern Region) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Vienna) Sandeep Chawla (Director, Division of Policy Analysis and Public Affairs) Angela Me (Chief, Statistics and Surveys Section - SASS) Fernanda Tripodi (Programme Officer, SASS/ICMP), Javier Teran (Statistician, SASS/ICMP), Coen Bussink (Remote Sensing Expert – SASS/ICMP), Patrick Seramy (Database management, SASS/ICMP), Thomas Pietschmann (Research Officer, SASS), The implementation of the survey would not have been possible without the dedicated work of the field surveyors, who often faced difficult security conditions. The UNODC Illicit Crop Monitoring activities in Afghanistan were made possible by financial contributions from the Governments of Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. FINDINGS ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. GENERAL FINDINGS .................................................................................................... 1 1.2. DRIVING FORCES BEHIND OPIUM CULTIVATION TRENDS IN 2009............... 10 1.3. NUMBER OF VILLAGES GROWING OPIUM POPPY ............................................. 14 1.4. CASH ADVANCES RECEIVED FOR POPPY CULTIVATION ................................ 14 1.5. AGRICULTURAL ASSISTANCE ................................................................................ 14 1.6. FIELD SECURITY DURING ORA IMPLEMENTATION.......................................... 15 1.7. ERADICATION AND NON-CULTIVATION OF OPIUM.......................................... 16 1.8. PRICES........................................................................................................................... 17 1.9. OTHER FINDINGS ....................................................................................................... 19 2. FINDINGS BY PROVINCE ................................................................................................. 26 NORTH-EASTERN REGION..................................................................................................... 26 BADAKHSHAN PROVINCE.................................................................................................... 26 TAKHAR PROVINCE .............................................................................................................. 26 KUNDUZ PROVINCE ............................................................................................................. 27 EASTERN REGION.................................................................................................................... 28 NANGARHAR PROVINCE ...................................................................................................... 28 KUNAR PROVINCE ................................................................................................................ 28 LAGHMAN PROVINCE........................................................................................................... 28 NURISTAN PROVINCE........................................................................................................... 29 KAPISA PROVINCE ................................................................................................................ 29 NORTHERN REGION................................................................................................................ 30 BAGHLAN PROVINCE............................................................................................................ 30 BAMYAN PROVINCE.............................................................................................................. 30 BALKH PROVINCE................................................................................................................. 30 FARYAB PROVINCE ............................................................................................................... 31 JAWZJAN PROVINCE............................................................................................................. 31 SAMANGAN PROVINCE......................................................................................................... 31 SARI PUL PROVINCE............................................................................................................. 32 CENTRAL REGION ................................................................................................................... 33 GHAZNI PROVINCE ............................................................................................................... 33 KHOST PROVINCE................................................................................................................. 33 LOGAR PROVINCE................................................................................................................. 33 PAKTIKA PROVINCE ............................................................................................................. 34 PAKTYA PROVINCE ............................................................................................................... 34 PARWAN PROVINCE.............................................................................................................. 34 PANJSHIR PROVINCE............................................................................................................ 35 WARDAK PROVINCE ............................................................................................................. 35 KABUL PROVINCE................................................................................................................. 35 SOUTHERN REGION ................................................................................................................ 36 KANDAHAR PROVINCE......................................................................................................... 36 HILMAND PROVINCE............................................................................................................ 36 URUZGAN PROVINCE ........................................................................................................... 36 ZABUL PROVINCE ................................................................................................................. 37 DAY KUNDI PROVINCE......................................................................................................... 37 WESTERN REGION................................................................................................................... 38 HIRAT PROVINCE ..................................................................................................................38 FARAH PROVINCE................................................................................................................. 38 NIMROZ PROVINCE............................................................................................................... 39 GHOR PROVINCE .................................................................................................................. 39 BADGHIS PROVINCE............................................................................................................. 39 3. METHODOLOGY................................................................................................................. 40 2 MAPS Map 1: Expected opium poppy cultivation trends in 2009 (by province) ......................................2 Map 2: Expected