CORNELIA G ASKINS HARCUM i n r eek dleslc o lle e Ins tr uctor G , W y C g a missertation SUBMI TT ED TO (TH E B OARD OF UN I VERSI T' STUDIES OF TH E JOHN S HOPKINS UNI VERSIT' I N CONFORM IT' W I TH TH E REQUI REMENTS FOR THE DEG REE OF D OCTOR OF P H I LOSOPH' 1 9 1 3 B A L T I M O R E J. H . F U R S T C OM P A N ' 1914 CONTENTS P AG E INTRODUCTOR' REMARKS PT I — Latin fo r C CHA ER . The Word ook APT II —A f k tc the D v l m n t CH ER . Brie S e h of e e op e of Co o kin an Ar t Am o n the Ro m an s g as g , APT H I E— i n P G r k o r R CH ER Cooks lautus, ee oman APTE I — o C CH R V . The Nati nality of ooks APT - CH ER V . Names of Cooks APT I — c s o s CH ER V . Characteristi of Co k PT I I — CHA ER V . The Cost of Cooks PT III —T Mac ll um CHA ER V . he e PT IX — S P C an d th CHA ER . The ocial osition of ooks e Esteem in Which They Wer e Held PT X — i C an d His s s a s CHA ER . Ch ef ook A si t nt PT XI CHA ER . Collegia BIBL IOG RAPH' VITA INTRODUCTOR' REMARKS Thi s study of Roman cooks m ay be co nsidered a comp anion ’ piece to Edwin Moore Rankin s dissertation which was pub ' li he d C 1907 o n The Ro le o the M a r et o c in the s in hicago, , f y p k I c s hi s ar Life of the An c ien t Gr ee s . have on ulted work p r the o G an d ti cul ar ly on all question s conce ning co k in reece, wish to expres s acknowledgment for the information thus gained . While the Roman cook occupies a far less prominent place r s G ss was as in literatu e than doe the reek, he doubtle quite n a s R s importa t factor, at lea t in later oman time , in the daily i s a l fe of the people . The very fact of the carcity of m terial c u i and onseq ent lack of nformation in regard to him, may be ’ m etr given as the is on d e of the following study . s r P tus an d P r s s A ide f om lau et oniu , Latin author mention l ak cooks on y in scattered p assages . While the b er has received a a s [ has r ther much ttention from modern writer , the cook been s s comparatively neglected . The mo t comprehen ive study of i P D s s the . a the ubj ect to be found in article by E ottier, in rem et S a li o Di cti on n ai r e des An ti ui tés r e c ues e t r o berg g , q g q ’ m ai n es co uus s R s s nl , under q , and thi on the oman ide cover o y a page . Other works which devote a small space to the cook ’ are Blii m n e r s T e chn o logi e a n d T er m i n o logi e der Ge wer b e un d Kiln s te b et Gr ie chen und Rom er n 1912 , Leipzig und Berlin, , ' ’ - — f . 91 92 Rem i s che P r iva t Alter tum er Mu s pp , and his , in ller Han dbuch I v 2 I I 192 5 94 M Das P r i vatleb en der , , , , , arquardt, ’ Rom er Le 18 8 6 146 De R Di zi o n a r i o , ipzig, , I , ; and uggiero s ’ E i r a co di An tichi td Ro m an e s p g fi , under cocus . The e works, s a o however, have little to y on the subj ect , and other b oks on R s r oman private life dismi s the cook with a line, a parag aph, or at most a p age . The following study i s an attempt to bring together as far 5 pr ivate life of Rom an C o o ks 7 CHAPTER I THE LATIN WORD FOR COOK ’ ’ i s c o uus c s fo r The usual word for cook in Latin q , or ocu , P . s both of thes e spellings are c onstantly found ri cian, how K Gr am m a ti ci a ti n i 36 s s ever ( eil, L , II, , ay , that apud an ti quo s frequentissime loco cu syllaba quu po n eb atur ‘ ’ ‘ I n s s i s ut co quus pro cocus . inscription cocu m o Thesaur us Lin the com on form , but in literature, to qu te the ’ uae Latin a e co uus utr a ue r o r sus g under q , q forma p promiscue ’ Co uo s s s l habetur . q is al o a form of the nominative ingu ar in P D Ade l ho e s s . s some manu cripts of lautu onatu on Terence, p , 42 3 v e te r e s c o uus s e d , says , apud q non per c litteram per q ’ sc r ib eb atur P Aulular i a 346 , and in lautus, , , the nominative i ’ uo u . o plural is q q The pun of Cicer , quoted by Quintilian, I n s ti tuti on es Or a to r i a e I 3 47 e us e , V , , , se ms to point to a later ’ uo uus s of a nominative singular q q , but this play on word in a s s s o n E o o the remark ddre ed to the of a cook, g qu que tibi ” fav eb o r o s s c , p bably depend on the imilar pronunciation of M an d u. P Men a ec hm i 141 q ost of the manuscripts of lautus, , , ’ F r give a nominative singular quo cus . o other forms of the ’ ’ P P i n m se e s exic o n lan t u c o uo s . word in lautus Lodge L , under q ’ . I . 30 78 u ue i In C L XI, , we find a nominative plural q q , and ’ i n O I . RN 2 8 5 I 0 . 7 s . S 6 85 3 L , , coque L IV, upplement, , ’ a s o . i s V re d c co venit Cocula the diminutive for cook, arro ‘ ’ N n i m 5 o u 31 5 32 . co uin us apud , , By metonymy the adj ective q s o H s Re ula 8 P a cho m ii may also be u ed for co k, ieronymu , g , ; , 80 . Fo r s l the co ck s s G s pe ling of word for con ult al o eorge , ’ exiko n der la tei n is chen Wo r t o r m en n co uo s L f , u der q . c o ue r e i s G e r ea m The verb q derived, like r ek , from the ' e té . Fo r i s The a ti n root p q to cook th s derivation see Lind ay, L ' an ua e 2 91 S z S lz Lateim s he r m m tik L g g , ; tol and chma , c G a a , 8 Ro m an Co o ks ’ u Han dbuch 10 7 10 8 115 V e Gr i e ch M ller s , II, , and ; anic k , ' - i h Wiir ter b u h 45 5 Cur t m lo is c es c . i s ch Latei n s ches E y o g , p ; Gr i echis che Et m o l o i e . 45 9 Thes aur us tius, y g , p and ’ D Lati n ae co uus . co uus , under q In the article on q in arem ’ S a li o Di cti o n n a i r e des An ti ui tes r e c ues e t r o berg and g , q g q m ai n es P s G lcv/cdw , ottier give a derivation from the reek verb , but for this he s eem s to stand alone . I n addition to the usual word for cook, several others also ’ R c o uus co cto r P s S a ti r a e are found . arer than q is , etroniu , , I 82 3 0 . I 0 . 6 . 5 . 9 . s It is used in L IV, uppl , , and L IV, 165 8 F G s R s . rom the reek the oman took the name of the pro ’ f n m i r h i s s e ss io al cook ag us .