TARGETED REVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION FROM FISHERIES RESEARCH IN THE SOUTH EAST MARINE REGION FINAL REPORT B. D. Bruce, R. Bradford, R. Daley, M. Green and K. Phillips December 2002 Client: National Oceans Office Targeted review of biological and ecological information from fisheries research in the South East Marine Region Final Report B. D. Bruce, R. Bradford, R. Daley M. Green and K. Phillips* CSIRO Marine Research, Hobart * National Oceans Office December 2002 2 Table of Contents: Table of Contents:...................................................................................................................................3 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................5 Objective of review.............................................................................................................................5 Structure of review..............................................................................................................................5 Format.................................................................................................................................................6 General ecological/biological issues and uncertainties for the South East Marine Region ....................9 Specific fishery and key species accounts ............................................................................................10 South East Fishery (SEF) including the South East Trawl and South East Non-trawl fisheries (SETF and SENTF)...........................................................................................................................10 Blue eye trevalla (Hyperoglyphe antarctica)................................................................................18 Blue warehou (Seriolella brama)..................................................................................................22 Spotted warehou (Seriolella punctata). ........................................................................................25 Blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae)..............................................................................28 Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus).....................................................................................33 Pink ling (Genypterus blacodes)...................................................................................................39 Redfish (Centroberyx affinis)........................................................................................................42 School whiting (= red spot) (Sillago flindersi) .............................................................................46 Mirror dory (Zenopsis nebulosus).................................................................................................49 John Dory (Zeus faber) .................................................................................................................52 Flatheads (Neoplatycephalus spp., Platycephalus spp.) ...............................................................54 Jackass morwong (Nemadactylus macropterus)...........................................................................58 Gemfish (Rexea solandri) .............................................................................................................62 Eastern gemfish (Rexea solandri).................................................................................................62 Western gemfish (Rexea solandri)................................................................................................66 Ocean perch (Helicolenus percoides and H. barathri). ................................................................68 Silver trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex)..........................................................................................70 Royal red prawn (Haliporoides sibogae)......................................................................................72 Hapuka (Polyprion oxygeneios)....................................................................................................74 Dogfishes (Squalidae)...................................................................................................................76 Skates (Rajidae)............................................................................................................................80 Southern Shark Fishery.....................................................................................................................84 School shark (Galeorhinus galeus)...............................................................................................85 Gummy shark (Mustelus antarcticus)...........................................................................................90 Sawsharks (Pristiophorus spp) .....................................................................................................93 Elephant fish (Callorhinchus milii)...............................................................................................96 Southern Rock Lobster Fishery.........................................................................................................98 Southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii).......................................................................................98 South Tasman Rise Fishery (including offshore deepwater fisheries)............................................104 Orange Roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus)..................................................................................105 Oreos (Allocyttus niger, A. verrucosus, Neocyttus rhomboidalis, Pseudocyttus maculatus)......105 Southern Bluefin and East Coast Tuna Fisheries (within the SEMR) ............................................108 Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) .................................................................................108 Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) ..........................................................................................110 Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) ..........................................................................................113 Albacore (Thunnus alalunga) .....................................................................................................115 Broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) ........................................................................................117 Blue shark (Prionace glauca) .....................................................................................................119 Ray’s bream (Brama brama) ......................................................................................................121 Abalone Fishery..............................................................................................................................122 Greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata).........................................................................................122 Blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra)...............................................................................................126 Striped Trumpeter Fishery ..............................................................................................................131 Striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) ...............................................................................................131 Beach Haul and Recreational Fishery for Australian Salmon.........................................................134 Australian salmon (Arripis trutta and Arripis truttaceus)...........................................................134 3 Snapper Fishery ..............................................................................................................................137 Snapper (Pagrus auratus) ...........................................................................................................137 Scallop Fishery................................................................................................................................142 Scallops.......................................................................................................................................142 Patagonian Toothfish Fishery (Macquarie Island)..........................................................................149 Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides).........................................................................149 Jack Mackerel Fishery ....................................................................................................................154 Jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis) ............................................................................................154 Redbait (Emmelichthys nitidus) ..................................................................................................156 Other Selected Key Species Accounts............................................................................................158 Pilchard (Sardinops neopilchardus /S. sagax) ............................................................................158 Blue sprat (Spratelloides robustus).............................................................................................162 Octopus (Octopus maorum and Octopus pallidus) .....................................................................163 Squid (Nototodarus gouldi and Sepioteuthis australis) ..............................................................164 Giant crab (Pseudocarcinus gigas).............................................................................................166