WORDS DEFINITION AC field The active magnetic field produced by the use of alternating current. Addendum The distance between the pitch line and crest of thread. Agency The entity contracted to inspect new OCTG using the methods and criteria specified. Alternating current (AC) Current that reverses its direction of flow at regular intervals. Ampere (A,I or amp) A unit of electrical current. Ampere-turns (NI) The product of the number of turns in a coil and the number of amperes of current flowing through it. This is a measure of the magnetizing strength of the coil. For example Angle beam A term used to describe an angle of incidence or refraction other than normal to the surface of the test object. This includes shear waves and longitudinal (compression) wave. API Abbreviation for American Petroleum Institute, headquartered in Washington, D.C. Arc Burns Localized points of surface melting caused by arcing between electrode or ground and pipe surface. Arcing Current flow through a gap, often accompanied by intense heat and light. ASNT Abbreviation for American Society for Nondestructive Testing, headquartered in Columbus, OH. ASTM Abbreviation for American Society for Testing and Materials in West Conshohocken, PA. Back reflection In ultrasonic testing the signal received from the back surface of the pipe wall. Backscatter Secondary radiations resulting from the interaction between the primary gamma radiations from the source and the pipe wall. Basic size The theoretical or nominal standard size from which all variations are measured. Black Crested Thread A thread that does not have full crest because the original (black) mill surface has not been completely removed. Black light A colloquial expression used to describe long wave ultraviolet light (UV-A) with wavelengths in the range of 320 to 400 nanometers. Blister A raised spot on the surface of pipe Blunt start The removal of the partial thread at the entering end of thread. Borescope An optical instrument with an illuminating lamp for inspecting the inside surface of OCTG. Box end The internally threaded end of integral joint OCTG or the coupling end of threaded and coupled OCTG. Broken Thread A thread tooth that exhibits a fracture through it, or that has a portion missing with its remaining surfaces having a broken appearance. Burr A localized point of roughness, or a thin ridge or protrusion, produced by mechanical damage or in machining the thread or chamfer. Calibration The adjustment of instruments, prior to use, to a known basic reference often traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Carload The quantity of pipe loaded on a railway car for shipment from the pipe-making facility. Casing A pipe run form the surface and intended to line the walls of a drilled well. Typically, casing sizes are defined as 5" OD and larger. Cathode ray tube (CRT) A vacuum tube with a luminescent screen often used for viewing ultrasonic echo signals or for video readouts of computer stored data. Central conductor (shooting A conductor that is passed through the bore of OCTG for the purpose of creating a circular or rod) circumferential magnetic field in the OCTG. Chamfer The conical surface at the end of threaded pipe (API round or buttress threads). Chatter A wavy surface of the thread flank, root crest or chamfer, produced by a vibrating cutter inserts. Chock Block or wedge used beneath a length of pipe so that it cannot roll. Circular (circumferential) The magnetic field in or surrounding a current - carrying conductor, or OCTG, such that the magnetic field magnetic field is oriented circumferentially within the wall of the OCTG. Circular (circumferential) Circular magnetization is the production of a magnetic field in a pipe wall or coupling such that the magnetization magnetic field is oriented circumferentially. Classification The action taken to categorize a length of new OCTG based on conformance with the contracted inspection requirements. Coil method A method of magnetizing in which a length of OCTG is encircled by a current-carrying coil. Coil shot A short pulse of magnetizing current passed through a coil surrounding a length of OCTG for the purpose of longitudinal magnetization. Color code Paint band identification of OCTG classification in accordance with appropriate specifications. Connection Threaded assembly of tubular components. Connector A one-piece tubular section, not including pipe or couplings, used for the purposed of joining or changing from one size, mass, or type of thread connection to the same or other size, mass or type of threaded connection. Continuous method A method of searching for imperfections while the magnetizing current is being applied. Contour (verb) The gradual tapering by filing or grinding to prevent abrupt changes in the wall thickness. Contract The document agreement which specifies the terms of the inspections to be performed. Controlled area A defined area in which the occupational exposure of personnel to radiation or to radioactive material is under the supervision of the individual in charge of radiation protection. (This implies that a controlled area is one that requires control of access, occupancy, and working condition for radiation protection purpose). Couplant A material (usually a liquid) used between an ultrasonic transducer and the test specimen to conduct ultrasonic energy between them. Coupling An internally threaded cylinder for joining two lengths of threaded pipe. Coupling mill end The end of the pipe of which the coupling is applied at the mill. Referred to as the box end of integral joint pipe. Coupling stock Tubular used for the manufacture of coupling blanks. Crack A stress-induced separation if the metal which, without any other influence, is insufficient in extent to cause complete rupture of the material. Crest The top of a thread. Crest clearance The distance between the crest and root of mating threads. Crest truncation The distance between the sharp crest (crest apex) and the finished crest. Cross threaded Angular misalignment of internal and external threads relative to each other resulting in improper make-up. CRT see cathode ray tube Cut A gouge or distortion in two or more thread crests in a line either parallel to the pipe axis or at an angle across the threads. DC field Either a residual magnetic field or an active magnetic field produced through the use of direct current. Dead zone (ultrasonic) The distance from the front surface of the pipe to the nearest inspect-able depth. Dedendum The distance between the pitch line and root of thread. Defect An imperfection of sufficient magnitude to warrant rejection of the product bakes on the stipulations of these specifications. Demagnetization The process of removing part or all of the existing residual magnetism from OCTG. Dent A depression that is without metal loss and is caused by striking or being struck by, other objects. A local change in surface contour caused by mechanical impact, but not accompanied by loss of metal. Detect The act of locating an imperfection. Detector or detector shoe A scanning shoe carrying one or more transducers. It is used to protect transducers from mechanical damage. Diameter tape A measuring device consisting of a thin, flexible, metallic tape which can be wrapped around the circumference of a length of OCTG and is graduated such that average diameter can be directly read from the scale. A diameter tape is also referred to as a pi tape. Differential wiring Sensors electrically connected in opposed series such that the output of one sensor effectively opposed the other sensor. In search coils, the differential wiring results in equal and opposite voltages being developed when the magnetic field changes equally in each coil. Thus, no net voltage output is produced. Diffuse indications (magnetic Indications that are not clearly defined as, for example, indications of subsurface imperfections. particle) Ding (e) A flattened area or indentation on a chamfer or thread crest caused by mechanical impact. Direct current Refers to an electric current flowing continually in one direction only through a conductor. Discontinuity An irregularity in the product such as laps, seams, pits, and laminations. Also called a flaw or imperfection. Disposition The action taken in conformance with API Specification 5CT or 5D with regard to detect in a length of new OCTG. The defect may be removed, cut off or rejected. See Section 9 of API Specification 5CT or Section 8 of API Specification 5D for restrictions. Dose rate The amount of ionizing radiation energy absorbed per unit of mass and time of irradiated material. Measured in rem or rad. Dosimeter A device that measures radiation dose, such as a film badge or ionization chamber. DP An abbreviation for Drill Pipe. Drift mandrel A precision dimensioned cylinder sized to pass through a specified diameter and weight of pipe. It is passed through the pipe ID to locate obstruction and/or to assure compliance with appropriate specifications. Drunken Thread Distortions in the spiral path of a thread around the pin. Sometimes applied to wavy threads or threads with crests that undulate around the periphery of the threads. Dry method A magnetic particle inspection method in which the particle employed is in dry powder form. Dual transducer An ultrasonic probe containing two piezoelectric crystals, one for transmitting and one for receiving. Eccentricity A condition of pipe in which the O.D. and I.D. axes are not coincident, resulting in wall thickness variation around the circumference at a given section plane. Eddy Current Testing A non destructive testing method, using an electromagnetic instrument which induces eddy currents in the pipe or tube under test and detects variations caused by discontinuities An Eddy Current is a circulating current caused to flow in the OCTG by varying magnetic fields. Effective thread length Threads having fully formed roots, but not necessarily finished crests.