Eindhoven University of Technology MASTER A main-processor board for THE KUNix machine based on the 68010 microprocessor v.d. Heuvel, W. Award date: 1984 Link to publication Disclaimer This document contains a student thesis (bachelor's or master's), as authored by a student at Eindhoven University of Technology. Student theses are made available in the TU/e repository upon obtaining the required degree. The grade received is not published on the document as presented in the repository. The required complexity or quality of research of student theses may vary by program, and the required minimum study period may vary in duration. 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Heetman Period 01/09/1984-30/08/1984 Eindhoven, august 1984 The DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING of the UNIVERSITY of TECHNOLOGY EINDHOVEN does not accept any responsibility for the contents of graduation reports. SUMMARY This report describes the hardware of the new 68919 board for THE KUNix machine. It also contains some specifications of THE KUNix machine itself. Special attention is paid to the interprocessor communications mechanisms in the machine. On a number of points the considerations, leading to a certain implementation of a function, are clarified. The new board supports stand alone operation. It can be used not only in THE KUNix machine environment but also in a work station. Provisions are made to allow for a network controller to be used as communications device. The new design has not yet been tested. This report must serve as a guide during the test phase. It also contains some hints as to where improvement is possible. For software developers this report contains the information necessary to write the system software for the new design. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I want to express my sincere thanks to all staff members of the Digital Systems group of the department of Electrical Engeneering. In particular mister Leo van Bokhoven, my coach, for his excellent coaching and professor A. Heetman my supervising coach. Special thanks to mister A. Chambone and mister Q. van Laarhoven who put the design drawings in the computer. From the University of Nijmegen I want to thank mister Jelte Feenstra for his suggestions. And last but not least my fellow students who helped me in times of distress. w. v.d. Heuvel TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 SPEC IFI CAT IONS AND GENERAL DESCR I PT ION 8 2.1 VHE bus and local extension bus 19 2.2 Memory considerations 11 2.3 Inter-processor communication 16 2.4 On-board I/O 21 2.5 Address mappi ng 22 2.5.1 Local address map 22 2.5.2 VHE address map 24 2.6 Miscellaneous functions 26 3 IMPLEMENTATION AND BLOCK DIAGRAMS 28 3.1 CPU and memory management 29 3.1.1 Central processing unit: 68010 39 3.1.2 Memory management mechanism 31 3.1.3 Interrup logic 33 3.1.4 Bus request arbitration 39 3.1.5 Halt and reset control 49 3.2 Local I/O and ROM 41 3.2.1 Error register 42 3.2.2 Identity register 44 3.2.3 Parallel interface 44 3.2.4 Timers 46 3.2.5 Serial I/O 47 3.2.6 Read only memory 48 3.3 Local address decoder 49 3.4 Local functions 50 3.5 Dual ported memory 52 3.6 Dual port I/O and interrupt vector register 56 3.7 VHE address decoder 59 3 •8 VHE fun c t i ons 6 1 3.8.1 Bus requester module 61 3.8.2 Bus master module 63 3.8.3 Interrupter module 64 4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOHMENDATIONS 66 5 LITRATURE 69 PAGE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) APPENDICES: A Schematic drawings 71 B Programmable logic functions 85 C Timing diagrams 117 D Local address map 125 E VME address maps 127 F Strap usage 131 G Error register bit specification 134 H Local bus extension specification 136 I Baudrate programming 138 PAGE 2 1 INTRODUCTION A new computer system, THE KUNix machine, is being developed by the group Digital Systems of the department of electrical engeneering at the Technical University Eindhoven (THE) and the department of computer science of the Catholic University Nijmegen (KUN). THE KUNix machine is, as the name indicates, primarily intended for use with the operating system Unix. The system is built using the 68000 (or 68010) as main processor and the VME bus as communications bus between modules. Hardware and software (Unix implementation) for the first prototype were all designed at the university of Nijmegen. Prototype 0, it was not yet called THE KUNix machine then, consisted of one 68090 processor board, a system support module, a memory board and a parallel interface used to communicate with a PDPll/79 as a virtual disc. PAGE 3 VME BUS SYSTEM DISC 68000 SUPPORT MEMORY, MODULE ------ SERIAL PORT PARALLEL PORT 1 1 Q Fig. 1.1 Prototype 8 In order to improve performance of the system a new concept was developed in co-operation with the Technical University. This new concept has lead to a machine consisting of one or more 6S888 systems and a number of intelligent I/O boards. An 6S800 system being a processor with its own memory, accessible through a local bus. However, this memory is also accessible through the VHE bus: it is udual por~ed•• The I/O boards are independent processors with there own on-board memory. They communicate with the 68880 systems and other I/O boards using the VHE bus <Fig. 1.2). The new hardware for prototype 1 is being developed at the University of Eindhoven as is the software for the I/O controllers; Nijmegen does the implementation of the operating system of THE KUNix machine. PAGE 4 VME BUS ____..,.... --..,.....----r----'r 68000 BOARD MEMORY 10 CPU MEMORY MODULE MODULE ~ ~ LOCAL BUS Fig. 1.2 THE KUNix machine When I started work in september 1983, there was not yet a fixed set of specifications for the new machine. Preliminary reports only gave a description of the new machine in general terms. Only the means of communication between the different subsystems in the machine were specified in greater detail. Before I could start the design of an 68000 board for the new machine, I had to make a more detailed set of specifications for it. Of course this was done in close co-operation between the other members of the team both in Eindhoven and in Nijmegen. Parallel to my PAGE 5 design a design was made for the I/O controller boards. The idea for the I/O boards was to maKe a microprocessor system with a VHE bus interface that could be used for all I/O controllers. Each controller consisting of this microprocessor system plus a piece of hardware performing the actual input and output functions (Fig. 1.3). VME VME INTERFACE ~ + + + MEMORY PROCESSOR ('la6) -r- I t I/O ~ Fig. 1.3 An I/O controller in THE KUNix machine The design of a memory board with dual ported memory was completed in october ~83. The board provided not only dual ported access but also error detection and correction facilities. The incorporation of the latter being a strong wish from our group in Eindhoven. This report will give a description of the new 68919 board. It is intended for everybody who has to worK with the new hardware, THE KUNix machine in PAGE 6 general or the 68919 board in particular, and for those who have to write new software for it. Chapter 2 will give a list of specifications of the 68919 board. In particular it will describe the interprocessor communications protocol which is of interest for everybody worKing with THE KUNix machine. The next chapter will set out a more detailed picture of the interior of the 6S919 board. Block diagrams will give a complete view of the on-board logic, the data paths and interrupt structure. Finaly chapter 4 contains some conclusions about the new board and the new machine. PAGE 7 2 SPECIFICATIONS AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION This chapter deals with two Kinds of specification. First the specification of demands and wishes that we have for the 68999 board such as VHE bus compatibility or stand alone operation. The second Kind of specification is the description of what the board actualy looKs liKe, what it can do and how it worKs. Almost all of the specifications of the first Kind and partly those of the second Kind are dealt with in this chapter. Before starting a detailed discussion of the design specifications let's see how the 68999 board will be used. First of all it is intended as a main processor in THE KUNix machine running under the operating system UNIX. And second it must be possible to use the board as a stand alone micro-computer, for instance in a worK station.