The Superiority in Christian Grey in The Fifty Shades Trilogy by EL James Dewi Maharani Indah R Nurochman Ni Luh Putu Setiarini Gunadarma University Gunadarma University Gunadarma University Jl. Margonda Raya 100 Jl. Margonda Raya 100 Jl. Margonda Raya 100 Depok Depok Depok 16424 16424 16424 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT In Superiority is a constant effort to be better, to approach the purpose of what people want to achieve. People try hard not to be better, but to control. This study is aimed to find (1) the characters of Christian Grey, (2) the forms of expression of superiority from Christian Grey, and (3) the factors that influence the appearances of the superiority in Christian Grey. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative method in conducting the research. The sources of the data are taken from Fifty Shades trilogy. The researcher collects the data by reading the Fifty Shades trilogy one by one,marks down the dialogue and line in the novel, classifying the data that shows (1) the characters of Christian Grey, (2) the forms of expression of superiority from Christian Grey, and (3) the factors that influence the appearances of the superiority in Christian Grey, and makes sure that the finding is exactly right to answer the problem formulatio by referring back to the theory itself. The researcher found data that can answer the three of problem formulation. The first finding is the characters in Christian Grey. There are 12 characters that was found by the researcher in Christian Grey, they are self- confident, arrogant, bossy, romantic, caring, mysterious, selfish, generous, control freak, hotheaded, stubborn and kind-hearted. The second finding is such as Self-Confident, Arrogant, Bossy, Romantic, Caring, Mysterious, Selfish, Generous, Control Freak, Hotheaded, Stubborn and Kind-Hearted. The second finding is the form of expression of superiority from Christian Grey that can be seen in three forms, that are: Attitude, Thoughts, and Face Expression. The last finding, the researcher found the factors that influence the superiority in Christian Grey are: Dark Past Time. In the dark past time, the writer divided into three parts, such as: Tormented, Sexual Violence, and Poorness, (2) Succesful, (3) Wealth, (4) Power. Keywords: Superiority, Character, Characteristic Literature relates to intrinsic and 1. INTRODUCTION extrinsic elements. Nurgiyantoro (2002) 1.1 Background of The Study said that the intrinsic elements are the As we know that novel is one of the most elements that build its own literature. interesting book to read. Novel is Meanwhile, extrinsic elements of already familiar for those who love to literature are things that are beyond read. Novel contains a complex story the literary structure, but greatly that can invite readers to imagine. affect the literary work. For example, Novels can inform the story more the background factors of the author’s details, define something freely, and life, economic factors and so on. involve more complex problems In this research, the researcher (Nurgiyantoro, 2005: 11). interests to observe futher the one of intrinsic elements in novel, namely 100 Indah, Nurochman, Setiarini, The Superiority in... character. According to Horton (1982: 1.4 Previous Research 12), character means personality the overall attitude, feelings, expression, Anggo Tri Kusumawati in 2007 wrote the and temperament. Attitude, feelings, paper that has title “Superioritas Tokoh expression, and temperament that will Utama Dalam Novel Chijin No Ai Karya manifest in a person's actions when they Tanizaki Junichiro (Tinjauan Kritik are faced with certain situations. The Sastra Feminis Ideologis)”. The purpose character in the novel is portrayed by of this study are: 1. Knowing the the author called the characterization. character of Naomi as the main Characterization made the reader know character, which is the background of how story goes and how the character’s superiority behavior, 2. Knowing Naomi’s characteristic is. behavior that indicates superiority The researcher wants to analyze one against Joji, 3. Reviewing Naomi of the intrinsic elements of the behavior that shows the superiority in character in a literary work is novel terms of ideological feminist literary based on the Individual Psychology criticism, whether it is in accordance Theory by Alfred Adler. Alfred Adler with the image and stereotype of the Explains the seven principles by using a Japanese woman or not. theory of individual psychology, one of This study is a qualitative the theories called a superiority methods. The data obtained the following principle. conclusions: 1. Excess on the physical Superiority is a constant effort to character Naomi has prompted him to act be better, to approach the purpose of superior, 2. Naomi superiority shown by what people want to achieve. People try the dominance of the Joji, 3. When the hard not to be better, but to control. terms of the ideological feminist By striving to be a superior, people literary criticism, Naomi behavior which feel themselves completely. Superiority shows the superiority contrary to the is reflected in one of the characters image and stereotype of Japanese women. portrayed in the Fifty Shades Trilogy by EL James from the United Kingdom, namely 1.5 Position of The Research Christian Grey. Compared to the research that was done by Anggo Tri Kusumawati (2007), her 1.2 Problem Formulation research is different from the writer’s The problem formulation in this study research. Her research is to know the are: character in main character, which is the background of superiority behavior, 1. What is the characterization know character’s behavior that indicates portrayed in Christian Grey superiority and review character’s portrayed in Christian Grey? behavior that shows the superiority in 2. What are the forms of expression the terms of ideological feminist of superiority from Christian literary critism, while the writer’s Grey? research is analyze the characterization 3. What are the factors that portrayed in character, the forms of influences the appearances of expression of superiority from character superiority in Christian Grey? and the factors influence the 1.3 Objective of the Research superiority appears in character using Alfred Adler theory, namely Psychology The objective in this study are: Individual. 1. To find out the characterization 2. LITERATURE REVIEW portrayed in Christian Grey 2.1 Definition of Literature and 2. To find out the forms of expression of superiority from by Novel Christian Grey Literature has been widely known by many 3. To find out factors influence the people and experts. The word appearances of the superiority in ‘literature’ is derived from the word Christian Grey ‘littera’ in Latin, which means letter. It refers to the written or printed words. According to Semi (1988:8), the Jurnal Ilmiah Sastra Volume 4. No. 1, Juni 2016 101 literature is a form of creative art and 2.3 Psychology Literature the work of the object is human and life using the language as a medium. Based on Psychology literature is the analysis of Taum (1997:13), literature is a work of the text by considering the relevance fiction which is imaginative and and role of psychological studies. literature is beautiful and a useful According to Ratna (2004: 350), the language use that signifies other psychology literature is the analysis of things. the text by considering the relevance and role of psychological studies. This Novel is work of fiction prose means that psychology plays an important written in a narrative, usually in the role when analyzing a literary work by form of a story. Sudjiman (1998: 53) working from the corner of the said that the novel is a prose fiction psychiatric literature the author either that presents a character and displays a of the elements, characters or readers. series of events and the background are composed. Novel as a work of imaginative In this psychology literature, the reveals the aspects of deep humanitarian researcher identified several theories and present subtly. Novel is not only as that can be used to analyze the an entertainment tool, but also as an psychology in literary works of various art form that is studying and elements. However, the researcher researching aspects of life and the thought that this research is very values of good and bad (moral) in this suitable to use the theory of Individual life and directs the reader of noble Psychology by Alfred Adler. character. 2.2 Instrinsic and Extrinsic 2.4 Individual Psychology Elements In this study, the researcher wants to According to Nurgiyantoro (2005:23) analyze the character in the novel which instrinsic element are the elements that based on the theory of Individual build literary work itself. Intrinsic Psychology by Alfred Adler. Adler said element is what causes the present in his book entitled Journal of literature as literature. The elements Humanistic Psychology that humans are are theme, character and social beings. Individual is formed by characterization, plot, setting, style the social environment and the unique of language, point of view and message. interaction, not by efforts to achieve a biological satisfaction. According to Besides intrinsic elements, Adler, the main of individual are extrinsic elements are essential conscious human beings have the freedom elements that establish a literary work. to organize themselves and set Wellek and Werren (in Nurgiyantoro, themselves on purpose, not governed by 2005:24) said that the extrinsic element external factors that can not be consists of a number of elements. They controlled. are author’s biography, psychology, environmental conditions of author, such Adler, in his Journal of Humanistic as political, economic and social and Psychology (1990) classifying individual the view of life of a nation. theory into seven principles, namely : 1. Inferiority Principle In a literary work, the authors certainly presents characterizations in 2. Superiority Principle different ways.