Vocab ‐ Define and illustrate the meaning of each word. Unit 8: The 1960’s & Movements Big Idea: ME #1: ME #3: ME #5: The presidencies of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson brought incredible 1. civil disobedience 1. Martin Luther King Jr. 1. Malcolm X for Equality changes for Americans in the 1960s. Major civil rights laws were passed, new 2. black separatism 2. SCLC 2. Black Panthers Standard: 11.9 & 11.10 government programs expanded welfare and social safety nets to 3. black self‐determination 3. SNCC 3. counterculture 2. Shade concept map using colored pencils. disadvantaged citizens. African‐Americans were ready to wage a war of their 4. separate‐but‐equal 4. poll tax 4. commune own against discrimination and for their rights guaranteed in the 5. de facto segregation 5. Freedom Riders 5. feminism 6. desegregation 6. March on Washington 6. NOW is about Constitution. The Modern Civil Rights movement included numerous 7. sit‐in 7. Civil Rights Act of 1964 7. Title IX successes and a diversity of leaders, including Jackie Robinson’s integration 8. illiteracy 8. Selma Campaign 8. busing Events and of professional baseball, nonviolent protest of Martin Luther King, Jr., and 9. NAACP 9. racism 9. affirmative action organizations the radical actions of Malcolm X. New action groups emerge representing 10. The Southern Manifesto 10. black power 10. bilingualism Mexican and Native‐Americans. Women demand equality through the challenging feminist movement. segregation and 1. Rewrite this paragraph in your own words using 75 words or less. discrimination of Court cases and legislation minority groups ‐Proposition 209 Action groups, ‐Great Society unions, feminist movement Leaders of the Civil Rights Movement NAACP Court Cases War on Poverty Civil Rights Legislation Martin Luther King Jr. ACLU Dred Scott v. Sanford Lyndon Johnson Helping urban & rural Civil Rights Act of CORE/SCLC/SNCC areas hit by poverty Plessy v. 1964 Rosa Parks Ferguson UFW/Chicano Movement Malcolm X Brown v. Board of End of Separate but Education Equal AIM Cesar Chavez UC Regents v. Baake Thurgood Marshall N.O.W. Paragraph Quiz ‐ Write a 6 sentence paragraph using your own words. (use correct format) ME #2: Is violence or non‐violence the most effective means to achieve social change? ME #4: Did the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s effectively change the nation? ME #6: Has the women’s movement for equality in the United States become a reality or remained a dream? UNIT 8 The 1960’s & Movements for Equality #3: Theme: Democracy has evolved over time; Change generates additional change. Task #1: Read and highlight important/meaningful facts/major points. Task #2: Write 7 notes, questions and/or comments from your highlights. “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, and that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” ~Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, 1776 “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” ~Amendment XIV to the Constitution, Ratified 1868 These years are usually considered the most chaotic period of the 20th century. Overall, the period was marked by a profound loss of innocence and trust. Americans watched as thousands of their own were killed in a far away, very foreign country during the first war America would lose. Assassinations rocked the nation as key figures were cut down by history‐shaping bullets. A “New Left” emerged that pointedly challenged mainstream American culture. Traditional American values seemed to fly out the window as teens “Tuned in, Turned on, and Dropped Out.” The chaotic period came to a dramatic close as President Nixon shamefully resigned from the office of the President. America was experiencing its own painful transformation. Americans watched as their entire world seemed to come apart at the seams right on their television screens. The era started with the shocking assassination of John Kennedy, climaxed in the nightmarish year 1968, and ended with the departure of Nixon and half his Cabinet. More than anything, Americans learned not to trust their politicians. Gone were the Roosevelt’s and Eisenhower’s who could convince fearful Americans that all was well and happy days were here again. Now America had Lyndon Johnson, who continually escalated a losing war. Now America had Richard Nixon, who sent people to break into the Democratic Headquarters and steal information. Violence jarred the nation as its leaders were cut down and its cities became unsafe. JFK was assassinated in 1963, Martin Luther King in 1968, and Bobby Kennedy also in 1968. Riots erupted in cities across the nation. Four college students were shot on their campus in Ohio. Yet, there still remained a sense of optimism and idealism. Even the most pointed criticisms of American politics and culture were phrased in the hope of improving upon the nation. To what extent was the nation jaded by the sixties and seventies? How did this era forever change our nation and color our own society today? To what extent was it a realization of our democratic principles and to what extent were they corrupted or side‐stepped? In short, were the sixties a good thing? The Civil Rights Movement (CRM) is often thought of as a discreet moment in time when African‐ Americans fought for their rights. On the contrary, the fight for civil rights was long time coming and continues today. There were numerous causes, and lead‐up events that are often forgotten, and problems that persist today which are often ignored. The CRM also inspired many other movements. The women’s lib movement, Chicano movement, American‐Indian movement, gay rights movement, etc. all take example from the CRM. The unique success of grass roots organizations, faith‐based groups, constitutional lawyers, and courageous individuals captures our nation’s imagination and holds out hope for those who continue to feel oppression. The CRM occupies an interesting and important place in American history. Parts are almost like a modern day fairy tale – Martin Luther King Jr’s “I Have a Dream” speech has taken on mythical fame. So much of it can be depicted in good guys vs. bad guys terms. Yet other parts are not discussed as much, particularly the radical, non‐Christian, militant aspects. Malcolm X, the Black Panthers, and the Black Power movement have not achieved the same acceptance and heroic status as King, the Little Rock Nine, and the sit‐in participants. Why, do you think, America has chosen to remember the CRM in this divided manner? Why do you think we celebrate King’s birthday and not Malcolm X’s? Both were assassinated … both worked for African‐American rights … both had large followings…right? JFK‐Domestic Policies John F. Kennedy Kennedy Family ‐ has played a ____________________ in U.S. ___________ since the 1930’s. Rising Political Star ‐ a ______________ from Mass., JFK was _________________ with voters. Election of 1960: First __________________ presidential campaign Kennedy was seen as the _______________ (young, Irish, __________ and inexperienced) Kennedy __________ won Factors that helped: o The Kennedy ____________ o ________________ & well educated o ________________ o Support of _______ o Vice ______________________ running mate Memorable Inaugural Address ‐ JFK ______________ a spirit of _________________. “The torch has been passed to a new generation... And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country.” What does this mean to you? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ . Domestic Policies: The New Frontier Stimulating the Economy estimated that ______ million Americans were ________ stricken responded by _________________________ and increasing ______________________ ____________________. Peace Corps created a ______________ program for Americans to help poverty stricken nations throughout the _____________. Technology to compete with _____________ space superiority Kennedy _____________ government _________________ and promised America a ______________________ within ____ years (happened in _________) Civil Rights created a Civil Rights bill that guaranteed ____________________________________ ________________________ and gave the U.S. Attorney General RFK (________________) the power to file _____________________________. Kennedy died before approved, but later became the ____________________________ (one of the __________________________________________ in American history). LBJ’s Great Society . Domestic reform laws (_______________________________________) . Attempt to _________________ from JFKs surprise death Tax Cut: . War on Poverty: . LBJ _________________ in poverty . Programs _____________________ of Americans living in ____________ from 40 million to _____________ . Economic Opportunity Act o o . Education Acts o . Medical Care o Medicare o Medicaid Civil Rights: . Civil Rights Act of 1964 o . Voting Rights Act of 1965 o o . Immigration and Nationality Act o . Executive Order 11246 o o Early Civil Rights Timeline Flowchart Directions: Striving for civil rights has been a long road for African Americans. Under each of the 25 events listed below, you need to do two things. For part a), explain the event. For part b), discuss how it either helped or delayed the quest for civil rights. 1. Whitney’s cotton gin (p. 180) 2. Missouri Compromise (p. 183) 3. Abolition movement (p. 188) 4. Frederick Douglass’ influence (p. 188) a. b. 5. Compromise of 1850 (p. 196) 6. Kansas-Nebraska Act (p. 197) 7. Dred Scott case (p. 199) 8. Civil War Begins (p. 207) 9. Emancipation Proclamation (p. 211) 10. 13th Amendment (p. 214) 11.