WORLD STEEL IN FIGURES 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD Foreword ...........................................................................................3 This year we are celebrating our 50th anniversary but of course this Celebrating 50 years of the World Steel Association ............................4 publication will largely report on last year 2016. Much has changed in 50 years – back in 1967, the world produced just less than 500 million CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION tonnes of steel. In 2016, the world produced just over 1,600 million World crude steel production, 1950 to 2016 ........................................7 tonnes. Most of the growth came from new industrialising nations – Top steelmakers, 2016........................................................................8 Brazil, China, India, Iran and Mexico. Major steel-producing countries, 2015 and 2016 .................................9 Steel as a product is so versatile and fundamental to our lives that it is Crude steel production by process, 2016 .......................................... 10 considered essential to economic growth. Consequently, for most of the Continuously-cast steel output, 2014 to 2016 ����������������������������������� 11 past 50 years, the world has been producing increasingly more steel Monthly crude steel production, 2013 to 2016 ����������������������������������� 12 and sometimes more than was actually required – while at the same time, making the product universally affordable and promoting intense STEEL USE competition between its producers. Steel production and use: geographical distribution, 2006 ................. 14 In the global markets we operate in, fierce competition for trade will Steel production and use: geographical distribution, 2016 ................. 15 remain, with the present push to protect domestic markets probably Apparent steel use, 2010 to 2016...................................................... 16 continuing for the next few years. But we believe that it is crucial for Apparent steel use per capita, 2010 to 2016 ..................................... 17 policies to continue to promote a level playing field between countries RAW MATERIALS and regions. Trade based on free and fair access to markets have served society best in providing steel to build our economies at most Pig iron, 2015 and 2016 .................................................................... 18 affordable terms. Direct reduced iron production, 2009 to 2016 ����������������������������������� 19 Iron ore, 2015 ...................................................................................20 On page 4 and 5 you will find a spread outlining the many programmes World iron ore trade by area, 2016 .................................................... 21 we have managed since our start. It is interesting to note that innovation, sustainability and environmental standards have figured prominently as Trade in ferrous scrap, 2015 and 2016 ..............................................22 far back as 1967. The steel industry has always been at the forefront of World trade in ferrous scrap by area, 2016 ����������������������������������������23 driving efficiency and improvement through its manufacturing process STEEL TRADE and this will continue over the next 50 years. World steel trade in products, 1975 to 2016 ....................................... 24 This booklet provides a comprehensive overview of steel industry World volume of trade, 2000 to 2016 ................................................ 24 activities, stretching from production to steel use to some indications of World steel exports, analysis by product, 2011 to 2016 ...................... 25 global trade flows. If you have any comments, please do not hesitate to World steel trade by area, 2016 .........................................................26 contact me. Major importers and exporters of steel, 2016 ..................................... 27 INDIRECT TRADE Indirect trade in steel, 2000 to 2015 ..................................................28 Major indirect importers and exporters of steel, 2015 .........................28 True steel use, 2009 to 2015 ������������������������������������������������������������29 Dr Edwin Basson Apparent and true steel use per capita, 2015 ....................................29 Director General For details on the notation used in this publication, please refer to page 30. 3 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE WORLD STEEL ASSOCIATION Our focus: • A sustainable industry committed to eco-efficient production and recovery, reuse and recycling of steel • A future-minded industry committed to the reduction of global CO emissions through advanced applications, technology Sustainable 1993 2 development transfer and technology breakthrough policy agreed First • A global industry which wants to operate with a level playing steelManagement field free of market distortions which prevent fair competition 1967 1993 course held • A caring and committed industry which believes that nothing International Iron is more important than the safety and health of its people and Steel Institute • A cornerstone of the world’s industrial sectors with attractive (IISI)* established Participation in UN 1995 long-term investment and employment opportunities on 10 July Earth Summit in Rio First global steel 1992 industry life cycle inventory (LCI) Five roles identified: economic studies; 1990s 1996 statistics; liaison Beginning of with other WorldAutoSteel organisations; with the signing of exchange of Steel Statistical UltraLight Steel Auto ideas; promotion Yearbook available on diskette Body (ULSAB) project of steel use 2010s Global technology 1996 Six online benchmarking innovation Technical reports Safety and 1970s Board issues systems: forum started published: EAF, Health Excellence policy statement CO ; energy; maintenance, Recognition 2 2016 Nine committees: on climate change maintenance scrap, energy, and Programme statistics; and reliability; cokemaking and launched promotion process yields; and market iron ore supplies 2008 safety and Steel - the development; 1999 health incidents; permanent technology; sustainability material in the economics; 1980s Accident-free circular economy taxes, tariffs and steelmaking IISI changed its campaign trade; PR and PA; programme name to World initiated raw materials; launched TECHCO launches Steel Association 2010 environment; landmark study on (worldsteel) 2016 industrial First Steel continous casting relations 2008 awards, or 1977 Steelies held 2000s Construction market 1971 Safety and health initiative Working group on 2013 launched World Steel in principles agreed steel scrap organised 2002 Figures appears and launched FutureSteel- 2015 in pocket format 1972 steeluniversity Vehicle project goes online 2006 completed Updated 1971 Board adopts Position Paper policy statement 2004 Beijing office 2014 on Climate Study on global on the environment opened Change indirect trade First Sustainability First Steel Safety launched 1972 Report published 2006 Day on 28 April 2015 *IISI changed its name to World Steel Association in 2008 4 5 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF WORLD CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION THE WORLD STEEL ASSOCIATION 1950 TO 2016 million tonnes crude steel production, 1967, 2000, 2016 million tonnes Other Asia & Oceania Years World Years World Years World South Korea 1.7% 1967 0.1% 1950 189 1997 800 2008 1 343 India 1955 270 1998 779 2009 1 239 1.3% Japan 1960 347 1999 790 2010 1 433 China Europe 12.6% 2.1% 33.5% 1965 456 2000 850 2011 1 538 1970 595 2001 852 2012 1 560 World total Africa & Middle East 1975 644 2002 905 2013 1 650 493 0.8% 1980 717 2003 971 2014 1 670 South America 1.4% 1985 719 2004 1 063 2015 1 620 North America Former 1990 770 2005 1 148 2016 1 630 25.8% U.S.S.R. 1995 753 2006 1 250 20.7% 1996 751 2007 1 348 1 800 South Korea Other Asia & Oceania 2000 5.1% 4.4% Average growth rates % per annum 1 600 Years World Europe Japan 24.7% 1950-55 7.4 12.5% 1955-60 5.1 1960-65 5.6 India 1 400 3.2% 1965-70 5.5 World total 1970-75 1.6 850 C.I.S. China 1975-80 2.2 11.6% 15.1% 1 200 1980-85 0.1 1985-90 1.4 Africa & North America 1990-95 -0.5 Middle East 15.9% 2.9% 1995-00 2.5 South America 1 000 2000-05 6.2 4.6% 2005-10 4.5 2010-15 2.5 2015-16 0.6 800 Africa & Middle East 2016 2.7% South America 2.5% 600 North America 6.8% China C.I.S. 49.6% 400 6.3% Europe 12.3% 200 Other Asia & Oceania India World total 3.4% Japan 5.9% 1 630 6.4% 0 South Korea 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 4.2% 6 7 TOP STEELMAKERS MAJOR STEEL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES 2016 2015 AND 2016 million tonnes crude steel production million tonnes crude steel production Rank Company Tonnage Rank Company Tonnage 2016 2015 Country Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage 1 ArcelorMittal 95.45 26 Rizhao Steel 13.86 China 1 808.4 1 803.8 2 China Baowu Group (1) 63.81 27 Fangda Steel 13.68 Japan 2 104.8 2 105.1 India 3 95.6 3 89.0 3 HBIS Group (2) 46.18 28 EVRAZ 13.53 United States 4 78.5 4 78.8 4 NSSMC Group (3) 46.16 29 MMK 12.54 Russia 5 70.8 5 70.9 South Korea 6 68.6 6 69.7 5 POSCO 41.56 30 Baotou Steel 12.30 Germany 7 42.1 7 42.7 6 Shagang Group 33.25 31 Severstal 11.63 Turkey 8 33.2 9 31.5 Brazil 9 31.3 8 33.3 7 Ansteel Group 33.19 32 Liuzhou Steel 11.05 Ukraine 10 24.2 10 23.0 Italy 11 23.4 11 22.0 8 JFE Steel 30.29 33 Jinxi Steel 11.05 Taiwan, China 12 21.8 12 21.4 9 Shougang Group 26.80 34 Jingye Steel 11.01 Mexico 13 18.8 13 18.2 Iran 14 17.9 14 16.1 10 Tata Steel Group 24.49 35 Anyang Steel 10.48 France 15 14.4 15 15.0 11 Shandong Steel Group 23.02 36 Sanming Steel 10.39 Spain 16