Theory of Literature A Compilation Series https://id.pinterest.com Sarif Syamsu Rizal English Literature Study Program Faculty of Humanities Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang Theory of Literature A Compilation Series https://id.pinterest.com Sarif Syamsu Rizal English Literature Study Program Faculty of Humanities Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang ii Lesson Plan Semester : 5 Type of the course : classes Number of classes per week : 1 x 100 minutes Course completion requirements : written examination Course Description The course is organized around specific theoretical paradigms in Literature. The subject includes Introduction: What is Literary Theory?, Scientific Philosophic Discourse of Literature, Scope of Literature, Nature of Literature, Genre of Literature, Elements of Literary Work, Concept of Poetry, Concept of Prose, Complexity of Drama, Literary Movements, Critical Approaches of Literature, and Trinities in Discovering Meaning on Literature. Aims The main aim of the course is to provide students of English study program with knowledge and terminology of theoretical paradigms in literature in the seventh semester. The course offers for all students an important theoretical background for research in literature. In the course the students learn how different theories of literature have emerged as responses to particular issues in literature, in other theories of literature, and outside literature. The students learn to frame literary issues using concepts in literary theory. Relation to other courses Within the School's curriculum, Theory of Literature course is a relation of the course of English Poetry, English Prose, Poetry Appreciation, Prose Appreciation, Reseach Method of Literature, and Seminar on Literature during the year of study. Requirements Students are required to participate actively in class discussion and pass term tests. Credit requirements for the classes, and the details of the material covered during the classes may vary depending on the teacher. Teachers are obliged to provide all details of the examination and grading procedures at the beginning of the course. Semarang, 15 September 2018 The Compiler iii Table of Contents Lesson Plan....................................................................................................................... ii List of Contents................................................................................................................. iii Unit 1 Introduction: What is Literary Studies................................................................... 1 Unit 2 Scientific Philosophic Discourse of Literature........................................................ 3 Unit 3 Scope of Literature................................................................................................. 15 Unit 4 Nature of Literature............................................................................................... 17 Unit 5 Genre of Literature................................................................................................. 23 Unit 6 Elements of Literary Work..................................................................................... 26 Unit 7 Concept of Poetry.................................................................................................. 29 Unit 8 Concept of Prose.................................................................................................... 52 Unit 9 Complexity of Drama.............................................................................................. 55 Unit 10 Literary Movements............................................................................................. 62 Unit 11 Critical Approaches of Literature......................................................................... 64 Unit 12 Trinities in Discovering Menings of Literature..................................................... 75 iv Unit 1 Introduction What is Literary Theory and do we need to study it? By John Phillips It is possible, even now in the 21st century, to complete a degree course in Literature without doing any literary theory. You might do perfectly well—even emerge as a star in the firmament of literary study—without ever having to engage with any of the by now canonical areas of literary theory, like formalism, structuralism, post structuralism, psychoanalysis and deconstruction. You could even get by, with no damage at all to your credentials or to your understanding and appreciation of literature, without doing any Marxism or feminism. Literary study remains strong and identifiable in its own right and is composed today, just as it was 50, 100, 150 years ago (but not much further back than that), of all kinds of activities like editorial work, criticism, appreciation and commentary that cope quite well on their own grounds without any interference from what many students would recognize (with a groan) as theory. Literary Theory might, therefore, be considered as something over and above the normal requirements of literary study. In the least sanguine sense of this over and above, we might charge it with superfluity. It is quite unnecessary for us to study theories of literature in order to study literature. In another, more difficult sense (and here we are now beginning to actually do some theory), theory’s superfluity to the normal requirements for reading and studying literature has proved over the years to be a tremendously productive resource for more adventurous readers and thinkers. So much so that the field—no matter how independent of theory it remains—has nonetheless been transformed in all kinds of ways by the insistence of a certain dogged theorizing that just goes on whether we like it or not. So it would not be strictly necessary to take a course in Literary Theory. Against this, of course, many programs insist on a minimum requirement—a core course in literary theory, approaches to literature, critical theory, advanced critical reading—you find them everywhere, indicating more than anything else a sense of its importance for people who plan courses, guardians of institutions of literature who feel that without theory there is something not quite valid about a course. But (and here I’m going to get all theoretical again) taking a course in Literary Theory is often a frustrating experience and, as such, it would not necessarily be very theoretical. I mean if theory is read in certain ways then no theorizing on the part of the student goes on. Many people come into Literary Theory believing that there may be tools to pick up, methods to apply (more or less mechanically perhaps) that help to unlock the mysteries of the literary texts. In other words, despite recent history and the prevalence of courses introducing you to literary theory, there is no guarantee that Literary Theory will be produced. Oh, you can be sure that literary study, criticism, appreciation etc. will go on unimpeded but the peculiar experience of having taken a course in Literary Theory without it having made much sense and certainly not much difference to the way you read literature remains common. This is because Literary Theory needs to be regarded as a separate subject, independently of what goes on in the other areas of departments of literature, before it can be expected to change anything. The theory (or production of theories) of literature can be regarded as a specialized pursuit and those who choose to follow it often read it for its own intrinsic interest, not simply subordinating it to already extant ways of doing literary 1 appreciation, criticism and commentary. Only then does it begin to contribute to literary studies. (Taken from: https://courses.nus.edu.sg/course/elljwp/literarytheory.htm) 2 Unit 2 Sceintific Philosophic Discourse of Literature: Ontology, Axiology, and Epistemology on Literary Studies SCEINTIFIC PHILOSOPHIC DISCOURSE OF LITERATURE: ONTOLOGY, AXIOLOGY, AND EPISTEMOLOGY ON LITERARY STUDIES Sarif Syamsu Rizal Lecturer, English Study Program, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro – Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 2 November 2015 ABSTRACT One important reason of studying literature was to teach us about the world and other people, as well as to reflect history and to see the future. This paper was an alternative philosophical thought of understanding literature entitled “Scientific Philosophic Discourse of Literature: Ontology, Axiology, and Epistemology on Literary Studies”.Tthe objective was understanding of circumstantial interpretative about essence of object, target of benefit, and methodologies of literary studies systemically-systematically-comprehensively so that it could be useful as enrichment insight to study literature. Unit of analysis of this paper focused on the three aspects: ontological, axiological, and epistemological principality of literature as a product of science. Methods of this paper consist of descriptive-qualitative design in explaining the discourse, library research in collecting data, and shared-understanding by interpretative paradigm in answering the problem statement is that what the ontological, axiological, and epistemological principality of literary studies is. This paper examined the principalities of a science saying that there are three aspects which are reciprocal relevancy in process of scientific development. Those are ontological, axiological, and epistemological aspect in understanding literature. The contribution of this paper as the significant finding of the study and its implication