SWeethoney GCP/RAF/408/EC « MOBILISATION ET RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES DES PETITES ET MOYENNES ENTREPRISES IMPLIQUEES DANS LES FILIERES DES PRODUITS FORESTIERS NON LIGNEUX EN AFRIQUE CENTRALE » ERU MARKET CHAIN BASELINE (Gnetum spp.) in the SOUTHWEST and LITTORAL REGIONS, CAMEROON Louis NDUMBE 1, Verina INGRAM2and Abdon AWONO3 1 - MSc Student, University of Buea 2 - Scientist and 3 - Researcher, CIFOR Yaoundé, November 2009 with the financial support of the European Commission The opinions expressed in this document can not be considered as a reflection of the position of the European Commission. The results opinions, advice are the sole responsibility of the contributors. Whilst all reasonable care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the publication, the authors cannot accept responsibility for any errors or omissions. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................. IV LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................... IV LIST OF PHOTOS ................................................................................................................................. V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................................. VII EXCHANGE RATES .......................................................................................................................... VII SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ 1 RESUME ................................................................................................................................................ 2 PART I - INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 3 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 3 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT .................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 STUDY OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................................ 6 1.5 STUDY LIMITATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 6 2 STUDY AREA ............................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 LOCATION ....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 GNETUM SPECIES............................................................................................................................10 2.3 NUTRITIONAL AND MEDICINAL VALUE ...........................................................................................11 2.4 PROTECTED AREAS ........................................................................................................................12 2.5 POPULATION ..................................................................................................................................12 2.6 DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS ...........................................................................................................13 2.7 BUSINESS INDICATORS ...................................................................................................................14 2.8 CLIMATE ........................................................................................................................................14 2.9 TEMPERATURE ...............................................................................................................................14 2.10 RELIEF...........................................................................................................................................15 2.11 DRAINAGE......................................................................................................................................15 2.12 VEGETATION .................................................................................................................................16 2.13 GEOLOGY AND SOILS ......................................................................................................................17 2.14 AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................................................17 3 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 18 3.1 SAMPLING METHODS......................................................................................................................18 3.1.1 Site Selection ............................................................................................................ 18 3.1.2 Selection of Respondents .......................................................................................... 19 3.3.3 Questionnaire Design ................................................................................................ 19 3.2 DATA COLLECTION ...........................................................................................................................21 3.2.1 Preparation ............................................................................................................... 21 3.2.2 Secondary data collection ......................................................................................... 21 3.2.3 Field work ................................................................................................................ 21 3.2.4 Rapid assessment ...................................................................................................... 21 3.2.5 Observation .............................................................................................................. 21 3.2.6 Interviews ................................................................................................................. 21 3.2.7 Analytical procedure ............................................................................................ 22 3.2.8 Data analysis tools ............................................................................................... 22 3.3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................22 3.3.1 Value chain analysis ................................................................................................. 23 3.3.2 Sustainable livelihoods ............................................................................................. 23 CIFOR Market chain baseline Gnetum spp. Southwest region, Cameroon i 4 DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS ...................................................................................................... 25 4.1 MARKET.........................................................................................................................................25 4.2 MARKETING ...................................................................................................................................25 4.3 PROCESSING ...................................................................................................................................25 4.4 MARKET CHAIN .............................................................................................................................25 4.5 POVERTY........................................................................................................................................26 4.6 LIVELIHOODS .................................................................................................................................26 4.7 GOVERNANCE ................................................................................................................................26 4.8 SUSTAINABILITY ............................................................................................................................27 4.9 VALUATION ...................................................................................................................................28 5 GNETUM TRADE IN CAMEROON ............................................................................................ 30 5.1 PRODUCTION AREAS AND QUANTITIES ............................................................................................30 5.1.1 Domestication ........................................................................................................... 30 5.2 ACTORS..........................................................................................................................................31 5.2.1 Gnetum market organisation ..................................................................................... 31 5.2.2 Market channels........................................................................................................ 32 5.2.3 Volume