92 Project Xpedition Purdue University AAE 450 Spacecraft Design Spring 2009 Contents 1 – FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................................... 5 2 – INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 – BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 – WHAT‟S IN THIS REPORT? .................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................................10 2.4 – ACRONYM LIST .................................................................................................................................12 3 – PROJECT OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................... 14 3.1 – DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................................................14 3.2 – INTERPRETATION OF DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................18 3.3 – DESIGN PROCESS ..............................................................................................................................19 3.4 – RISK AND COST ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................22 4 – RESULTS ............................................................................................................................................... 25 5 – MISSION CONFIGURATION 100G PAYLOAD ............................................................................. 27 5.1 – SYSTEM OVERVIEW ..........................................................................................................................28 5.2 – LAUNCH VEHICLE .............................................................................................................................31 5.2.1 – Launch Vehicle Selection .........................................................................................................31 5.2.2 – Earth Parking Orbit Selection .................................................................................................33 5.2.3 – Attitude Determination in LEO ................................................................................................35 5.3- LUNAR TRANSFER ..............................................................................................................................37 5.3.1 – Structure ...................................................................................................................................37 5.3.2 – Mission Operations ..................................................................................................................47 5.3.3 – Propulsion on the Orbital Transfer Vehicle .............................................................................51 5.3.4 – Attitude .....................................................................................................................................56 5.3.5 – Communication ........................................................................................................................60 5.3.6 – Thermal Control .......................................................................................................................67 5.3.7 – Power .......................................................................................................................................69 5.4 – LUNAR DESCENT ..............................................................................................................................74 5.4.1 – Structures .................................................................................................................................74 5.4.2 – Mission Operations ..................................................................................................................82 5.4.4 – Attitude Control .......................................................................................................................93 5.4.5 – Communication ........................................................................................................................95 5.4.6 – Thermal Control .......................................................................................................................98 5.4.7 – Power .....................................................................................................................................104 5.5 – LOCOMOTION ..................................................................................................................................109 5.5.1 – Structures/Integration ............................................................................................................110 5.5.2 – Propulsion ..............................................................................................................................115 5.5.3 – Communications ....................................................................................................................117 5.5.4 – Thermal Control .....................................................................................................................120 5.5.5 – Power .....................................................................................................................................121 5.5.6 – Mission Operations ................................................................................................................123 5.6 – MISSION INTEGRATION ...................................................................................................................126 5.7 – RISK ANALYSIS ...............................................................................................................................132 5.8 – COST ANALYSIS ..............................................................................................................................133 6 – MISSION CONFIGURATION 10KG PAYLOAD .......................................................................... 134 6.1 – SYSTEM OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................135 6.2 – LAUNCH VEHICLE ...........................................................................................................................138 6.2.1 – Launch Vehicle/Site................................................................................................................138 6.2.2 – Earth Parking Orbit Selection ...............................................................................................139 6.2.3 – Attitude determination in LEO ...............................................................................................140 6.3 – LUNAR TRANSFER ...........................................................................................................................141 6.3.1 – Structure .................................................................................................................................141 6.3.2 – Mission Operations ................................................................................................................145 6.3.3 – Propulsion on the Orbital Transfer Vehicle ...........................................................................147 6.3.4 – Attitude ...................................................................................................................................148 6.3.5 – Communication ......................................................................................................................150 6.3.6 – Thermal Control .....................................................................................................................151 6.3.7 – Power .....................................................................................................................................152 6.4 – LUNAR DESCENT ............................................................................................................................155 6.4.1 – Structures ...............................................................................................................................155 6.4.2 – Mission Operations ................................................................................................................163 6.4.3 – Propulsion ..............................................................................................................................165 6.4.4 – Attitude Control .....................................................................................................................171 6.4.5 – Communication ......................................................................................................................172 6.4.6 – Thermal Control .....................................................................................................................173 6.4.7 – Power .....................................................................................................................................175 6.5 – LOCOMOTION ..................................................................................................................................179