TurkJZool 27(2003)301-317 ©TÜB‹TAK TaxonomicStudiesonTrissolcus sp.(Hymenoptera:Scelionidae), EggParasitoidsoftheSunnPest (Hemiptera:Scutelleridae:Eurygaster sp.),inTurkey* ErhanKOÇAK MinistryofAgriculture,CentralPlantProtectionResearchInstitute,06172Ankara-TURKEY NefletKILINÇER AnkaraUniversity,FacultyofAgriculture,DepartmentofPlantProtection,06610Ankara-TURKEY Received:31.12.2002 Abstract: Theeggbatcheswithparasitoidsofthesunnpest Eurygaster sp.(Hemiptera:Scutelleridae)werecollectedtodetermine theeggparasitoid Trissolcus species(Hymenoptera:Scelionidae)ofthepestfromcerealareasinTurkey.Intotal,eight Trissolcus species,namelyT.simoni Mayr,T.vassilievi Mayr,T.semistriatus Nees,T.grandis Thompson,T.manteroi Kieffer,T.pseudoturesis Rjachovsky,T.rufiventris MayrandT.djadetshko Rjachovsky,arerecognized.T.djadetshko RjachovskyandT.manteroi Kiefferare newspeciesfortheTurkishfauna.Thespeciesaredescribedandanidentificationkeyisprovided. KeyWords: Trissolcus,EggParasitoid,Taxonomy,SunnPest,Turkey. Türkiye’deSüne(Hemiptera:Scutelleridae:Eurygaster sp.) YumurtaParazitoidiTrissolcus sp.(Hymenoptera:Scelionidae) TürleriÜzerindeTaksonomikÇal›flmalar Özet: Süne(Eurygaster sp.)yumurtaparazitoidiTrissolcus türlerinibelirlemekamac›ileTürkiyegenelindeparazitlenmiflolanSüne yumurtapaketleritoplanm›flt›r.Toplamolaraksekizadet Trissolcus türübelirlenmifltir: T.simoni Mayr, T.vassilievi Mayr, T. semistriatus Nees,T.grandis Thompson,T.manteroi Kieffer,T.pseudoturesis Rjachovsky,T.rufiventris Mayrve T.djadetshko Rjachovsky.Butürlerden T.djadetshko Rjachovskyve T.manteroi KiefferTürkiyefaunas›içinyenikay›tt›r.Butürlerintan›mlar› yap›lm›flveteflhisanahtar›haz›rlanm›flt›r. AnahtarSözcükler: Trissolcus,YumurtaParazitoidi,Taksonomi,Süne,Türkiye Introduction arenotforclarifyingidentification,butarejust Thesunnpestisthemostdestructivepestinthe descriptions.AccordingtoMasner(1958),themainpart cerealfieldsinTurkey.Againstthepest,themost ofTelenominaewasdescribedinthe19thcenturybutthe effectivebiologicalcontrolagentsareeggparasitoids, descriptionsreportedbyWalker,Westwood,Haliday, Trissolcus spp.(Brown,1962;Safavi,1968;Yüksel, Nees,Ratzeburg,FoersterandThomsonarenot 1968;Barbulescu,1971;PopovandPaulian,1971; completelycorrect.Inaddition,studiespublishatthe Lodos,1982). sametimecausedmanysynonymstobecreated. Additionalstudieshavemadethissubjectwery Manystudieshavebeencarriedoutworldwideabout complicated.Kononova(1995)statedthatT.grandis and thesystematicsandtaxonomyofparasitoids(Masner, T.semistriatus hadthesamemorphologicalcharacters. 1958;Delucchi,1961;Masner,1964;Voegele,1965; Withthisstudy,whichfirstfocusedonthesisterspecies Javahery,1968;Kozlov,1968;Safavi,1968;Masner, T.grandis and T.semistriatus ,certaindifferences 1976;KozlovandKononova,1983;Johnson,1985a,b; betweentheseandotherspeciesarepresentedalongwith Kononova,1995).However,theirtitlesrevealthatthey anidentificationkey. *BasedpartlyonthePhDthesisofErhanKoçak,completedin2001andsupervisedbyNefletK›l›nçer. 301 TaxonomicStudiesonTrissolcus sp.(Hymenoptera:Scelionidae),EggParasitoidsoftheSunnPest (Hemiptera:Scutelleridae:Eurygaster sp.),inTurkey MaterialsandMethods (Figure1h).Femurdarkbrownorblack,except Themainmaterialforthisstudyis Trissolcus spp., theapical,whichisyellow.Externalsideof whichareeggparasitoidsofthesunnpest.Inorderto posteriortibiaeofmaledarkbrown ......... obtaintheparasitoids,2493eggbatcheswithparasitoids ....................... T.simoniMayr ofthesunnpestwerecollectedfromthecerealareasof - Surfaceofscutellumsmoothandshiny(Figure 39provincesbetweenAprilandJuneinTurkeyin1998- 2d).Firstflagellarsegmentofmale2.5times 1999.Atotalof24,210samples(4576 and19,628¶) longerthanitswidthand1.3timeslongerthan weresupplied. pedicel(Figure2h).Coxaeblack,other ALeicaMZ9.5stereomicroscopewasusedtoidentify segmentsreddishyellow.Wingsofmale thespecimensandtakewingphotographs.ALeo435 extremelylong ......... T.vassilievi Mayr scanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)wasusedtotake 3 Femurdarkbrownorblack ..............4 photographsofthebodyorganshavingtaxonomic importancesuchasthehead,antennae,thoraxand - Femurreddishyellow ................7 abdomen. 4 Postmarginalvein2timeslongerthanstigmalvein Fortheidentification,Kieffer(1926),Masner(1958), .................................5 Delucchi(1961),Safavi(1968),KozlovandKononova - Postmarginalvein1.2timeslongerthan (1983)andKononova(1995)werefollowed.Forthe stigmalvein.......................6 synonyms,hostsandworlddistribution,Kozlovand 5 Firstflagellarsegmentofmale2timeslongerthan Kononova(1983)wereused,andfortheterminology itswidthand1.5timeslongerthanpedicel(Figure andmorphologicalcharacters,withslightmodifications, 3h).Firstflagellarsegmentoffemale4times Masner(1980)wasused.Inaddition,theidentification longerthanitsbasalwidthand3timeslongerthan studieswerecarriedoutpersonallytogetherwithProf. itsapicalwidth(Figure3b) ............... Dr.SvetlanaKononova(InstituteofZoologyofthe ................... T.semistriatus Nees NationalUkrainianAcademyofSciences,Kiev,Ukraine) andtheresultswerechecked. - Firstflagellarsegmentofmale1.5times longerthanitswidthandslightlylongerthan pedicel(Figure4h).Firstflagellarsegmentof Results female2-2.5timeslongerthanitswidth EightTrissolcus species,T.simoni Mayr,T.vassilievi (Figure4b) ......... T.grandis Thomson Mayr, T.semistriatus Nees, T.grandis Thompson, T. 6Coxae,trochantersandfemuraeblack,tibiae manteroi Kieffer(newspeciesforTurkey), T. brownishyellow.Longitudinalstriatesonsecond pseudoturesis Rjachovsky, T.rufiventris Mayrand T. tergitofabdomenaslongas1/3oftergit(Figure djadetshko Rjachovsky(newspeciesforTurkey),were 5h).Firstflagellarsegmentoffemale1.8times determined.Theidentificationkey,descriptions, longerthanitswidthbutequaltopedicel(Figures synonyms,andworldwideandTurkishdistributionsare 5c,d) ................ T.manteroi Kieffer asfollows: 7Scutumroughlypunctuatedandreticulatedwith longitudinalstriates(Figure6c).Firstflagellar KeytoTrissolcus species segmentofmale2timeslongerthanitswidthand 1.5timeslongerthanpedicelbutequalorshorter 1 Notaulipresentandlowerpartofmetapleuron thansecondflagellarsegment(Figure6h).Coxae pubescent ..........................2 black,othersegmentsreddishyellow ........ - Notauliabsentandlowerpartofmetapleuron .............. T.pseudoturesis Rjachovsky notpubescent .....................3 - Scutumpunctuatedandreticulated,without 2 Surfaceofscutellumfinelyreticulated(Figure1e). longitudinalstriates .................8 Firstflagellarsegmentofmale2.2timeslonger 8 Thinandlongitudinalstriatesonsecondtergitof thanitswidthand1.5timeslongerthanpedicel abdomenaslongas1/4oftergit(Figure7g).First 302 E.KOÇAK,N.KILINÇER 2flagellarsegmentsofmaleequaltoeachother pubescent(Figure1e).Lengthofforewing2.2times and1.5timeslongerthantheirwidth(Figure7h). morethanitsgreatestwidth.Postmarginalvein2times Postmarginalvein1.7timeslongerthanstigmal longerthanstigmalvein.Submarginalandmarginalveins vein(Figure7f).......... T.rufiventris Mayr together1.4timeslongerthanpostmarginal(Figure1f). - Strongandlongitudinalstriatesonsecond Abdomenwiderthanthorax.Firstandsecondabdominal abdominaltergitaslongas3/5ofthetergit tergitsstronglystriatedlongitudinally.Striatesonsecond (Figure8g).First2flagellarsegmentsofmale tergitaslongas4/5ofthetergit(Figure1g). equaltoeachotherand2timeslongerthantheir Male: Verysimilartofemalebutdiffersinhaving12- width(Figure8h).Postmarginalvein2times segmentedantennaeandposteriorandscarcelymedian longerthanstigmalvein(Figure8e) ......... tibiae,ofwhichexternalsidesaredarkbrown.First ................. T.djadethsko Rjachovsky flagellarsegment2.2timeslongerthanitswidthand1.5 timeslongerthanpedicel.Secondflagellarsegment2.5 timeslongerthanitswidthandslightlylongerthanfirst Species’Descriptions flagellarsegment(Figure1h). Trissolcus simoni Mayr Length: 1.1-1.3mm Synonyms: Materialexamined: Adana62 ,204 ¶;Afyon34 , Telenomussimoni Mayr,1897 176¶;Aksaray29 ,63 ¶;Ankara2 ,6 ¶;Antalya14 , Asolcusscutellaris Masner,1958 96¶;Ayd›n6¶;Bal›kesir30,196¶;Burdur33,113¶; Bursa53 ,148 ¶;Çanakkale23 ,110 ¶;Çank›r›10 , Microphanurusvassilievi Viktorov,1960 86¶;Çorum1 ,17 ¶;Denizli22 ,174 ¶;Edirne19 , Microphanurussimoni subsp. reticulatus Delucchi, 69¶;Hatay141,768¶;Isparta2,20¶;‹çel64,335¶; 1961 ‹zmir8,82¶;Kahramanmarafl7,124¶;Karaman9, Asolcusreticulatus Delucchi,1963 89¶;K›rklareli30 ,22¶;Konya11 ,62¶;Mu¤la37 , 92¶;Sakarya38,108¶;Tekirda¤9,21¶;Tokat11, Female: Bodyblack.Antennaedarkbrownexcept 54¶;Uflak13,135¶;andYozgat17,34¶. radicle,whichisreddishbrown.Coxaeandfemoradark brown.Femorayellowatapical.Trochanters,tibiaeand WorldDistribution: Azerbaijan,Georgia,Morocco tarsiyellowbuttarsidarkbrownatapical.Wingshyaline. andSyria. Headtransverse,approximately3timeswiderthanits OtherHosts: Dolycorisbaccarum L., Carpocoris lengthand1.5timeswiderthanitsheightandwiderthan pudicus Poda, Aeliaacuminata L., A.rostrata Boh., A. thorax.Fronsstronglypunctuated(Figure1a).Frontal virgata Klug, Graphosomalineatum L.and Ventocoris viewoftheareabetweenposteriorocellusandvertex fischeri Hahn. slightlyconvex.Theareabetweeneyesandbaseof antennaetransverselystriated.Outerdistancebetween eyesapproximately2.5timesmorethandistanceof Trissolcus vassilievi Mayr anteriorocellustouporbit.Verticaldiameterofeye1.5 Synonyms: timesmorethanlengthofgena(Figure1b).Antennae11 TelenomusvassilieviMayr,1903 segmented(Figure1c).Scapus6timeslongerthanits greatestwidthandapproximately5timeslongerthan Microphanurusvassilievi Kieffer,1926 radicle.Firstflagellarsegmentapproximately3times DissolcusrufiventrisRubstov,1944 longerthanitsgreatestwidthandslightlylongerthan Asolcusscutellaris